N3 Grammar · Test 13

～にとって (～にとって) means 'for / as for (someone),' expressing a judgment or evaluation from someone's perspective. わたしにとって今一番大切なものは… = 'For me, the most important thing right now is…' This fits perfectly because the sentence is stating what is most important from the speaker's personal viewpoint.

• 1対して (たいして) is part of ～に対して, meaning 'towards / regarding.' わたしに対して would mean 'towards me,' which does not express 'for me / in my opinion.' It is used for directing actions or attitudes at someone, not for stating personal evaluations.
• 2比べて (くらべて) is part of ～に比べて, meaning 'compared to.' わたしに比べて means 'compared to me,' which makes no sense here — the sentence is not comparing the speaker to anything.
• 3おいて (おいて) is part of ～において, a formal expression meaning 'in / at (a place or situation).' わたしにおいて is not a natural construction; this pattern is used with locations or contexts (e.g., 会議において), not with personal pronouns to mean 'for someone.'

• ～にとって — for (someone); from (someone's) perspective — used to express a personal evaluation or judgment
• 飼かっている — keeping/raising (a pet)
• ～に対して（～にたいして） — towards; regarding (someone/something)
• ～に比べて（～にくらべて） — compared to
• ～において — in; at (formal, used with places/situations)

でも here is used to make a soft, casual suggestion. 食事でもしませんか = 'Would you like to do something like have a meal (with me)?' The でも softens the invitation by making it sound like 'something like a meal,' so it does not sound too direct or pushy. This is a very common pattern in spoken Japanese for inviting someone.

• 2では (では) would make 食事ではしませんか, which is ungrammatical in this context. では means 'then / in that case' or is used to mean 'by means of,' neither of which fits here.
• 3にも (にも) would make 食事にもしませんか, which is not a natural construction. にも means 'also to / even to,' which does not fit this invitation pattern.
• 4には (には) would make 食事にはしませんか, which is ungrammatical. には marks a topic/location contrast, not used for softening suggestions.

• ～でも — (with a noun + でも + する) let's do something like ~; how about ~ — softens a suggestion
• 食事しょくじ — meal; dining

だろう (だろう) expresses the speaker's conjecture or probability: 'probably / I suppose.' 増えるだろうと思い = 'I thought it would probably increase.' This fits because the speaker is making their own inference about what will happen when the grandchild enters elementary school, and that inference is the reason for giving stationery. The pattern ～だろうと思い (I thought it would probably…) is natural here.

• 1らしい (らしい) is used for hearsay or conjecture based on objective evidence. 増えるらしいと思い would mean 'I thought I heard/suppose it will increase,' which sounds like the speaker is relying on external information rather than their own reasoning. In this context the speaker is drawing their own conclusion, so だろう is more appropriate.
• 3つもりだ (つもりだ) means 'intend to.' 増えるつもりだと思い would mean 'I thought (the grandchild) intends to increase (opportunities),' which is unnatural — the grandchild does not 'intend' to increase their own writing opportunities; it is a natural consequence of entering school.
• 4そうだ (そうだ) has two uses: hearsay (伝聞) and appearance-based conjecture (様態). For conjecture it would need to be 増えそうだ (not 増えるそうだ). 増えるそうだ is the hearsay form, meaning 'I hear it will increase,' which conflicts with と思い (the speaker thinking it themselves). Hearsay is reported from others, not something you think yourself.

• ～だろう — probably; I suppose — expresses the speaker's conjecture
• 入学にゅうがくして — having entered (a school)
• 増ふえる — to increase
• 孫まご — grandchild
• 文房具ぶんぼうぐ — stationery; school supplies

～としても (～としても) means 'even if / even assuming.' 雨が降ったとしても…行います = 'Even if it rains, we will hold the event.' This fits perfectly because the sentence states that the sports event will be held regardless of rain — the key word is も, which adds the nuance of 'even.'

• 1としたら (としたら) means 'if / assuming that.' 雨が降ったとしたら…行います would mean 'If it rains, we will hold it,' which sounds like rain is a condition for holding the event. This does not convey the 'even if' meaning needed here.
• 3とすると (とすると) means 'if / when (it happens), then…' Like としたら, it sets up a condition but lacks the 'even if' nuance. It would imply 'If it rains, then we'll hold the event,' which is the opposite of the intended meaning.
• 4とするなら (とするなら) means 'if we assume that.' Similar to としたら, it expresses a condition without the 'even if' nuance of も. It does not convey that the event will proceed regardless of rain.

• ～としても — even if; even assuming — expresses that something holds regardless of the condition
• ～としたら — if; assuming that
• ～とすると — if/when (it happens), then…
• ～とするなら — if we assume that
• 予定よていされている — is scheduled/planned (passive)

こんなに (こんなに) means 'this much / like this' and refers to something close to the speaker. Yamashita is eating the cheese right now and experiencing its deliciousness directly, so こんなにおいしいのに = 'even though it's this delicious (referring to the cheese right in front of me)' is the natural choice. The ko-so-a demonstrative こんな points to something in the speaker's immediate context.

• 2そんなに (そんなに) means 'that much / like that' and typically refers to something near the listener or something the speaker just heard about. Since Yamashita is eating the cheese themselves and experiencing it directly, そんなに would be unnatural — it would point to something in Tanaka's domain rather than their own experience.
• 3あんなに (あんなに) means 'that much over there' and refers to something distant from both speaker and listener. The cheese is right in front of Yamashita, so this does not fit.
• 4どんなに (どんなに) means 'how much' and is an interrogative used in questions like どんなにおいしいか (how delicious is it?). It cannot be used in this statement context.

• こんなに — this much; like this — refers to something close to the speaker
• そんなに — that much; like that — refers to something near the listener or just mentioned
• あんなに — that much over there — refers to something distant from both speaker and listener
• 苦手にがて — not good at; dislike (something)

The correct order for the blanks is 3 → 2 → 4 → 1, making the complete sentence: 「その時間は多分家にいると思うので大丈夫です。」(I think I will probably be at home at that time, so it's fine.) The star ★ is the third blank, which is filled by option 4 (家にいる). This fits perfectly after '多分' (probably) and before 'と思う' (I think), creating the phrase '多分家にいると思う' (I think I will probably be at home).

• 1Option 1 (と思う) is wrong for the ★ position because it must come at the very end of the thought clause, right before 'ので'. Therefore, it belongs in the fourth blank, not the third.
• 2Option 2 (多分) is wrong for the ★ position because it is an adverb that modifies the verb '家にいる'. It needs to be placed immediately before the verb, making it the second blank in the sentence.
• 3Option 3 (時間は) is wrong for the ★ position because it connects directly to 'その' to form 'その時間は' (at that time). This sets the topic of the sentence and must be placed in the first blank.

• 多分たぶん — probably, perhaps
• 時間じかん — time
• 家いえにいる — to be at home
• 〜と思う（〜とおもう） — I think that...
• 〜ので — because, so (gives a reason)

The correct sentence is: お名前は聞いたことがありますが、会ったことはありません。('I've heard the name, but I haven't actually met them.') The arrangement is: [4.お名前は] [3.聞いたことが] [★1.ありますが] [2.会ったことは] ありません。 Tanaka first acknowledges hearing Professor Ryuu's name (お名前は聞いたことがありますが), then contrasts with never having met them (会ったことはありません). The ★ in the 3rd position is ありますが, which connects the two clauses with 'but.'

• 2会ったことは belongs in the 4th blank, right before ありません, forming 会ったことはありません ('I have never met (them)').
• 3聞いたことが belongs in the 2nd blank, paired with ありますが to form 聞いたことがありますが ('I have heard (the name) but...').
• 4お名前は belongs in the 1st blank, establishing the topic: お名前は ('As for the name...').

The correct sentence is: わたしがもっとも行ってみたい寺のひとつに京都の高山寺がある。The full order is: わたしが [3.もっとも] [1.行ってみたい] [★ 4.寺の] [2.ひとつに] 京都の高山寺がある。This means 'Among the temples I most want to visit, there is Kōzan-ji in Kyoto.' The structure is もっとも＋行ってみたい＋寺＋の＋ひとつに～がある ('among the ~ that I most want to visit, there is...'). Option 4 (寺の) fits the ★ position because it connects the relative clause (わたしがもっとも行ってみたい) to ひとつに ('one of'), forming 寺のひとつに ('among the temples, one of...').

• 1行ってみたい ('want to go see') must come before 寺の, not at the ★ position. It modifies 寺 as part of the relative clause わたしがもっとも行ってみたい寺 ('the temple I most want to visit').
• 2ひとつに ('among one of') belongs after 寺の, forming 寺のひとつに ('among the temples, one of...'). Placing it at ★ would break the noun-modifier structure.
• 3もっとも ('most') belongs at the very beginning of the relative clause, right after わたしが, to modify 行ってみたい: わたしがもっとも行ってみたい ('that I most want to visit').

• もっとも — most (used as an intensifier before verbs/adjectives)
• 行いってみたい — want to go (and see/visit)
• 寺てら — temple
• ひとつに — among one of (used with ～に～がある pattern)

The correct sentence is: 『プレゼント』という映画を見て、この映画ほど人生について考えさせられる映画はないと思った。The full order is: この映画 [1.ほど] [3.人生] [★ 2.について] [4.考えさせられる] 映画はないと思った。This means 'After watching the movie "Present," I thought there is no movie that makes you think about life as much as this one.' The key grammar is ～ほど～ない ('nothing is as ~ as...'). The phrase 人生について考えさせられる ('makes one think about life') is a noun modifier for 映画. Option 2 (について) fits the ★ position because it connects 人生 to 考えさせられる: 人生について考えさせられる ('makes you think about life').

• 1ほど ('as much as') belongs right after この映画, forming この映画ほど～ない ('no movie as ~ as this one'). It cannot go at the ★ position because it must immediately follow the noun being compared.
• 3人生 ('life') belongs before について, forming the topic phrase 人生について ('about life'). Placing it at ★ would separate it from について and break the phrase.
• 4考えさせられる ('is made to think') belongs at the end of the relative clause, right before 映画, to modify it: 考えさせられる映画 ('a movie that makes one think').

• ほど — as ~ as (used in ～ほど～ない comparison: 'nothing is as ~ as')
• について — about, regarding
• 考かんがえさせられる — is made to think (passive-causative of 考える)

The correct sentence is: 友だちからのメールが来るまで今日がレポートのしめ切り日だったということをすっかり忘れていた。The full order is: 友だちからの [2.メールが来るまで] [4.今日がレポートのしめ切り日だった] [★ 3.ということを] [1.すっかり忘れていた]。This means 'Until the email from my friend came, I had completely forgotten the fact that today was the deadline for the report.' The structure is: (time clause)まで (content)ということを (verb). Option 3 (ということを) fits the ★ position because it quotativizes the preceding clause (今日がレポートのしめ切り日だった) into a noun phrase object of 忘れていた: ～だったということを忘れていた ('forgot the fact that ~').

• 1すっかり忘れていた ('had completely forgotten') is the main verb phrase and belongs at the very end of the sentence. Placing it at ★ would leave the sentence without a predicate at the end.
• 2メールが来るまで ('until the email came') belongs right after 友だちからの, forming the time clause 友だちからのメールが来るまで ('until an email from my friend came'). It cannot go at ★ because it must precede the content clause.
• 4今日がレポートのしめ切り日だった ('today was the report deadline') is the content of what was forgotten. It belongs before ということを, not at ★, because ということを must follow it to quotativize it.

• しめ切り日（しめきりび） — deadline, closing date
• ということを — the fact that ~ (quotative という + を particle, turning a clause into a noun phrase object)
• すっかり — completely, entirely
• 忘わすれていた — had forgotten (past progressive/state)