N2 Vocabulary · Test 104

The reading ふきょう in the context of 経済 (economy) is written 不況, meaning 'recession / economic slump.' The sentence means: 'In a severe economic recession, consumers cut waste as much as possible and buy only what is necessary for living.'

• 1不強 is not a real word; 強 (つよ/きょう) does not pair with 不 to mean a business condition. It is a plausible-looking distractor using the same reading きょう.
• 3不境 is not a real word; 境 (きょう) shares the reading but does not form the economic term for recession.
• 4不恐 is not a real word; 恐 (きょう) shares the on-reading but does not form the term for recession.

• 不況ふきょう — recession, economic slump
• 経済けいざい — economy
• しんこく — serious, severe (深刻)

The reading しょうひしゃ is written 消費者, meaning 'consumer(s).' The sentence says consumers cut waste and buy only necessities during a recession.

• 1省費者 is not the standard word; 省 (しょう) is a lookalike kanji with the right reading but the compound does not exist as the term for consumer.
• 2商費者 is not a real word; 商 (しょう) is plausible but incorrect.
• 3諸費者 is not a real word; 諸 (しょ/しょう) is a distractor with a similar reading.

• 消費者しょうひしゃ — consumer
• 消費しょうひ — consumption

The reading はぶき comes from the verb 省く (はぶく), meaning 'to omit / cut / save (waste).' In the sentence, consumers 'cut waste' (むだを省き). The masu-stem form is 省き.

• 1削き would come from 削る (けずる), meaning 'to shave/whittle,' and does not read はぶき; it is a near-synonym distractor.
• 2除き comes from 除く (のぞく), meaning 'to remove/exclude,' and does not read はぶき.
• 4外き would come from 外す (はずす), meaning 'to remove/take off,' and does not read はぶき.

• 省はぶく — to omit, cut out, save (e.g., waste)
• むだ — waste

The reading よそく is written 予測, meaning 'prediction / forecast.' The sentence means: 'The human function of thinking and predicting is supported by memory.'

• 1余則 is not a real word; 余 (よ) and 則 (そく) share the readings but do not form the term for prediction.
• 2余測 is not a real word; 余 (よ) is the wrong first kanji (should be 予, 'in advance').
• 3予則 is not a real word; 則 (そく) is the wrong second kanji (should be 測, 'measure').

• 予測よそく — prediction, forecast
• 予よ — in advance, beforehand
• 測そく — measure

The reading きのう is written 機能, meaning 'function / capability.' The sentence says the human function of thinking and predicting is supported by memory.

• 1帰脳 is not a real word; 帰 (き) and 脳 (のう) share the readings but do not form the term for function.
• 2機脳 is not a real word; 機 (き) is correct but 脳 (のう) is wrong for this compound.
• 3帰能 is not a real word; 帰 (き) is the wrong first kanji.

• 機能きのう — function, faculty

The reading けいざい corresponds to 経済, meaning 'economy' or 'economic.' The sentence means: 'For the stable development of the economy, cooperation from surrounding countries is necessary.' 経済 is the standard, everyday word for 'economy.'

• 1計財 is not a real word. 計 (けい) is a plausible-looking kanji with the same on-reading, and 財 (ざい) means 'finances/wealth,' but this combination does not exist.
• 2経財 is not an established word. 経 (けい) is correct, but the second kanji 財 (ざい) is wrong here — the word is 経済, not 経財.
• 3計済 is not a real word. 計 (けい) is the wrong first kanji; the correct one is 経 (けい).

• 経済けいざい — economy, economics

The reading あんてい corresponds to 安定, meaning 'stability' or 'stable.' In the sentence, あんていした modifies はってん (development), meaning 'stable development.' 安定 is the correct and common word.

• 1安程 is not a real word. 程 (てい) has the right reading but does not form a valid compound with 安.
• 2安低 is not a real word. 低 (てい) shares the reading but is semantically unrelated and does not combine with 安.
• 4安底 is not a real word. 底 (てい) has the correct reading but does not form this compound.

• 安定あんてい — stability, stable

The reading はってん corresponds to 発展, meaning 'development' or 'growth.' The phrase あんていしたはってん means 'stable development.' 発展 is the standard word for development/expansion.

• 1活展 is not a real word. 活 (かつ/はつ confusion) is a distractor; it does not form this compound.
• 3配展 is not a real word. 配 (はい) is a lookalike with a similar reading but is incorrect here.
• 4初展 is not a real word. 初 (しょ) has a different reading and does not form this compound.

• 発展はってん — development, growth, expansion

The reading しゅうへん corresponds to 周辺, meaning 'surroundings,' 'periphery,' or 'vicinity.' しゅうへんの国々 means 'surrounding/neighboring countries.' 周辺 is the correct standard word.

• 1集辺 is not a real word. 集 (しゅう) has the same reading but is the wrong kanji; the correct one is 周 (しゅう).
• 2集片 is not a real word. Both kanji are wrong — 集 instead of 周 and 片 instead of 辺.
• 4周片 is not a real word. 周 is correct, but 片 (へん) is the wrong second kanji; the correct one is 辺 (へん).

• 周辺しゅうへん — surroundings, vicinity, periphery

The reading きょうりょく corresponds to 協力, meaning 'cooperation' or 'collaboration.' きょうりょくが必要である means 'cooperation is necessary.' 協力 is the standard word for cooperation.

• 1共力 is not a standard word. 共 (きょう) has the same reading and relates to 'together,' but the correct compound uses 協, not 共.
• 3強力 (きょうりょく) is a real word meaning 'strong/powerful' or 'powerful help,' but it does not fit here. The sentence requires 'cooperation,' which is 協力. This is a deliberate near-homophone distractor.
• 4供力 is not a real word. 供 (きょう) shares the reading but is the wrong kanji for this compound.

• 協力きょうりょく — cooperation, collaboration
• 強力きょうりょく — strong, powerful (different word, same reading)