N2 Vocabulary · Test 103

The reading こうつう corresponds to 交通 (こうつう), meaning 'traffic.' The full sentence means: 'If you violate traffic rules, your driver's license may be taken away.' 交通規則 (こうつうきそく) is the standard compound for 'traffic regulations.'

• 1向通 is not a real word. The kanji 向 (こう/む) shares the reading こう but does not form a valid compound with 通 in this context.
• 2広通 is not a real word. 広 (こう/ひろ) also reads こう but does not combine with 通 to mean 'traffic.'
• 3互通 is not a real word. 互 (ご/たがい) does not even share the reading こう, making this a distractor based on visual similarity.

• 交通こうつう — traffic
• 交通規則こうつうきそく — traffic rules/regulations

The reading いはん corresponds to 違反 (いはん), meaning 'violation' or 'infraction.' 違反する is the verb form meaning 'to violate (a rule/law).' The sentence means: 'If you violate traffic rules, your driver's license may be taken away.'

• 1異反 is not a standard word. 異 (い) shares the reading い but does not form the compound 違反.
• 2以反 is not a standard word. 以 (い) shares the reading い but does not form the compound 違反.
• 4位反 is not a standard word. 位 (い) shares the reading い but does not form the compound 違反.

• 違反いはん — violation, infraction
• 違反いはんする — to violate (a rule/law)

The reading めんきょ corresponds to 免許 (めんきょ), meaning 'license' or 'permit.' 運転免許 (うんてんめんきょ) is the standard compound for 'driver's license.' The sentence means: 'If you violate traffic rules, your driver's license may be taken away.'

• 1免共 is not a real word. 共 (きょう) does not read きょ and does not form a valid compound.
• 2免教 is not a real word. 教 (きょう) does not read きょ and does not form a valid compound.
• 4免居 is not a real word. 居 (きょ) shares the reading きょ but does not form the compound 免許.

• 免許めんきょ — license, permit
• 運転免許うんてんめんきょ — driver's license

The reading とりあげられる corresponds to 取りあげられる, the passive form of 取り上げる (とりあげる), meaning 'to take away/confiscate/suspend.' In this sentence, the driver's license is the object being taken away (passive voice), so 取りあげられる is correct. The sentence means: 'If you violate traffic rules, your driver's license may be taken away.'

• 2採りあげられる uses 採 (さい/と), which means 'to pick/gather/adopt.' 採る is used for picking fruit, mining, or adopting a method — not for confiscating or revoking a license.
• 3盗りあげられる uses 盗 (とう/ぬす), meaning 'to steal.' This is semantically wrong — a license is officially revoked, not stolen.
• 4捕りあげられる uses 捕 (ほ/と), meaning 'to catch/capture.' 捕る is used for catching animals or criminals, not for revoking a license.

• 取り上げる（とりあげる） — to take away, confiscate, suspend (a license)
• 取とりあげられる — to be taken away / to be confiscated (passive)

The reading じょうはつ corresponds to 蒸発 (じょうはつ), meaning 'evaporation.' 水の蒸発 (みずのじょうはつ) = 'evaporation of water.' The sentence means: 'In summer, evaporation of water is fast, so even a wet towel dries quickly.'

• 1上発 is not a real word. 上 (じょう) shares the reading じょう but does not form the compound 蒸発.
• 3昇発 is not a real word. 昇 (しょう) does not read じょう and does not form a valid compound.
• 4消発 is not a real word. 消 (しょう) does not read じょう and does not form a valid compound.

• 蒸発じょうはつ — evaporation

The reading けんちくか corresponds to 建築家 (architect). The kanji 建 means 'build,' 築 means 'construct/erect,' and 家 means 'professional/person.' Together they form the word for 'architect,' which fits the context of someone working at a company that designs and manages building construction.

• 1建装家 is not a real word. The kanji 装 means 'adorn/equip,' which does not fit the concept of architecture.
• 2建造家 is not a standard word. While 建造 means 'construct/build,' the compound 建造家 does not exist as a profession name in Japanese.
• 4建置家 is not a real word. The kanji 置 means 'place/put,' which is unrelated to architecture.

• 建築家けんちくか — architect
• 建築けんちく — architecture, construction (of buildings)

The reading せっけい corresponds to 設計 (design/planning, especially architectural or engineering design). 設 means 'establish/set up' and 計 means 'plan/measure.' Together they mean 'design,' which fits the context of designing buildings (ビルのせっけい).

• 1積形 is not a real word. 積 means 'accumulate/stack' and 形 means 'shape/form' — these kanji do not form the word for 'design.'
• 2積計 is not a real word. While both kanji relate to calculation/accumulation, this compound does not mean 'design.'
• 3設形 is not a real word. Although 設 is correct, 形 ('shape/form') is the wrong second kanji; the correct kanji is 計 ('plan').

管理 (かんり) means 'management' or 'administration.' In this sentence, the speaker's brother works at a company that does design (せっけい) and construction management (工事の管理) of buildings. 管理 is the standard word for managing/overseeing work or projects.

• 1官理 is not a real Japanese word. 官 (かん) appears in words like 官庁 (government office), but 官理 does not exist.
• 3菅理 is not a real word. 菅 (すげ/かん) is a type of grass/sedge and appears in some names, but 菅理 is not a valid term.
• 4営理 is not a real word. 営 (えい) appears in words like 営業 (business/sales), but 営理 does not exist.

• 管理かんり — management, administration, control
• 建築家けんちくか — architect
• 設計せっけい — design (of buildings)
• 工事こうじ — construction work

勤めている (つとめている) from 勤める means 'to be employed at / to work at' a company or organization. The sentence says the brother works at (つとめている) a company, so 勤める is the correct choice. This kanji specifically conveys being employed and working at a workplace.

• 1労めて is not a valid writing of つとめる. 労 (ろう) appears in words like 労働 (labor) but is not used for this verb.
• 2努めて (つとめて) from 努める means 'to make an effort / to strive.' While it shares the reading つとめる, it describes making effort toward something, not being employed at a company. In this sentence, the context is employment, not effort.
• 4務めて (つとめて) from 務める means 'to serve in a role / to perform duties.' It is used for serving in a position or role (e.g., 議長を務める 'serve as chairperson'), not for being employed at a company. 勤める is the appropriate kanji for working at a company.

• 勤つとめる — to be employed at, to work at (a company/organization)
• 努つとめる — to make an effort, to strive
• 務つとめる — to serve in a role, to perform duties

領収書 (りょうしゅうしょ) means 'receipt' — a document acknowledging that money has been received. The sentence says 'The amount on this receipt includes tax.' 領収書 is the correct and standard kanji compound.

• 1料集書 is not a real word. 料 (りょう) means 'fee/charge' and 集 (しゅう) means 'collect,' but this combination does not form a valid term.
• 2料収書 is not a real word. While 料 (fee) and 収 (receive) are individually valid kanji, this compound does not exist in Japanese.
• 3領集書 is not a real word. 領 (りょう) is correct (as in 領収), but 集 (しゅう, 'collect') is the wrong kanji here — the correct second kanji is 収 (しゅう, 'receive').

• 領収書りょうしゅうしょ — receipt (document acknowledging payment received)
• 金額きんがく — amount (of money)
• 含ふくまれる — to be included, to be contained