N2 Vocabulary · Test 125

どうせ (3) means 'anyway / in any case / since ... anyway,' expressing resignation that an outcome is inevitable. The sentence 'どうせよごすのだから、子どもに高価な服は必要ないだろう' means 'Since they'll get dirty anyway, children probably don't need expensive clothes.' どうせ conveys the idea that the outcome (getting dirty) is unavoidable, so there's no point in buying expensive clothes.

• 1どうか means 'please / somehow,' used in requests or expressions of hope (e.g., どうかよろしく). It doesn't fit the grammatical structure どうか〜のだから here.
• 2どうにか means 'somehow / managing to,' indicating effort to accomplish something. It doesn't convey the sense of resignation or inevitability needed here.
• 4どんなに means 'no matter how / how much,' used in expressions like どんなに〜ても (no matter how ...). It doesn't fit the pattern どんなに〜のだから in this sentence.

• どうせ — anyway, in any case (expressing resignation)
• どうか — please, somehow
• どうにか — somehow, managing to
• どんなに — no matter how, how much

とじて (閉じて, 3) means 'to close.' 目を閉じる is the standard phrase for 'to close one's eyes.' The sentence '目が痛かったので、しばらく目を閉じていた' means 'My eyes hurt, so I kept my eyes closed for a while.' This is the correct and natural collocation.

• 1さげて (下げて) means 'to lower.' 目を下げる is not a standard phrase for closing eyes; it would mean lowering one's gaze, which doesn't fit the context of resting sore eyes.
• 2しめて (締めて/閉めて) means 'to tighten / to fasten.' While 閉める exists for closing things like doors or windows, 目を閉める is not standard Japanese; the correct verb for closing eyes is 閉じる.
• 4とめて (止めて) means 'to stop / to halt.' 目を止める is not a natural phrase for closing eyes; it might be confused with 目を留める (to fix one's eyes on something), which has a completely different meaning.

• 閉とじる — to close (eyes, book, etc.)
• 下さげる — to lower
• 締しめる — to tighten, to fasten
• 止とめる — to stop, to halt

任せて (任せて, 4) means 'to entrust / to leave (something) to someone.' The sentence 'この仕事は私に任せてください' means 'Please leave this work to me / Please entrust this work to me.' This is a natural and common expression when volunteering to take responsibility for a task.

• 1働いて (働いて) means 'to work.' 私に働いてください would mean 'Please work for me,' which reverses the roles and doesn't make sense in this context.
• 2引き受けて (引き受けて) means 'to take on / to accept (a task or responsibility).' While semantically close, 私に引き受けてください is grammatically odd; you would say 私が引き受けます (I'll take it on) rather than asking someone to assign it to you with に引き受けてください.
• 3役立って (役立って) means 'to be useful / to serve a purpose.' 私に役立ってください means 'Please be useful to me,' which reverses the intended meaning entirely.

• 任まかせる — to entrust, to leave to someone
• 働はたらく — to work
• 引き受ける（ひきうける） — to take on, to accept (a task)
• 役立やくだつ — to be useful, to serve a purpose

きれて (切れて, 1) means 'to run out / to be dead.' 電池が切れる is the standard phrase for 'batteries run out / go dead.' The sentence 'このテープレコーダーは電池が切れていて、動かない' means 'The batteries in this tape recorder are dead, so it won't work.' This is the correct collocation.

• 2たまって (溜まって) means 'to accumulate / to build up.' 電池が溜まっている would mean batteries are accumulating, which doesn't explain why the device won't work.
• 3とまって (止まって) means 'to stop.' While the device itself has stopped, 電池が止まる is not a natural phrase; batteries don't 'stop' — they run out (切れる).
• 4おくれて (遅れて) means 'to be late / to be delayed.' 電池が遅れる is not a meaningful phrase in Japanese; batteries don't become 'late.'

• 切きれる — to run out, to go dead (batteries); to be cut
• 溜たまる — to accumulate, to build up
• 止とまる — to stop, to halt
• 遅おくれる — to be late, to be delayed

The correct answer is 3. つけたい (付けたい). The verb つける collocates with 習慣 (しゅうかん, habit): 習慣をつける means 'to form/acquire a habit.' The sentence means 'I want to form the habit of brushing my teeth after eating.'

• 1もらいたい — もらう means 'to receive.' 習慣をもらう is not a valid collocation; you do not 'receive' a habit in this context.
• 2とりたい — とる can collocate with some nouns (e.g., 休みをとる), but 習慣をとる is not standard Japanese for 'forming a habit.'
• 4したい — する is generic 'to do,' but 習慣をしたい is unnatural; the proper verb for establishing a habit is つける.

• 習慣しゅうかん — habit, custom
• つける（付ける）（つける） — to form/acquire (a habit); to attach

乗り越す (のりこす) means 'to ride past one's stop' — i.e., to stay on a train/bus past the intended station without getting off. Option 1 says 'I was spacing out and rode past one station,' which is exactly this meaning. 「ぼんやりしていて、駅を1つ乗り越してしまった」is a perfect usage.

• 2This sentence describes overtaking a car ahead by speeding up. The correct verb here is 追い越す (おいこす, 'to overtake/pass a vehicle'), not 乗り越す. These two verbs share the kanji 越す but have different meanings.
• 3This describes transferring from one bus to another. The correct verb is 乗り換える (のりかえる, 'to transfer/switch vehicles'), not 乗り越す.
• 4This describes missing a flight because the road was congested. 乗り越す does not mean 'to miss (a flight).' The sentence is nonsensical with 乗り越す.

• 乗り越す（のりこす） — to ride past one's stop (on a train/bus)
• 追い越す（おいこす） — to overtake, to pass (a vehicle)
• 乗り換える（のりかえる） — to transfer, to switch (vehicles)

節約 (せつやく) means 'saving, economizing, reducing expenses.' Option 4 says 'Let's save on electricity costs by turning off the air conditioner in unused rooms.' 「電気代を節約する」('save on electricity costs') is a natural and correct usage of 節約.

• 1You cannot 節約 (economize) sound volume. The correct verb for lowering the stereo volume would be 下げる (さげる) or 小さくする.
• 2This sentence claims that 「スーパー」is a 節約 of 「スーパーマーケット.」The correct term for shortening/abbreviating a word is 省略 (しょうりゃく, 'abbreviation'), not 節約.
• 3Putting money into a bank account each month is saving money, which is 貯金 (ちょきん, 'saving money'), not 節約. 節約 refers to reducing spending/expenses, not the act of depositing money.

• 節約せつやく — saving, economizing, reducing expenses
• 省略しょうりゃく — abbreviation, omission
• 貯金ちょきん — saving money, depositing money

ドライブ means 'going for a (pleasure) drive in a car.' Option 2 says 'Going for a drive near the sea with my family is a holiday pleasure.' This is the correct usage — ドライブ implies a leisurely car ride for enjoyment.

• 1This describes giving the son a ride to the station in the rain — mere transportation, not a pleasure drive. The correct verb would be 送る (おくる, 'to take/drop someone off').
• 3オートバイ (motorcycle) is ridden, but you don't say ドライブする for a motorcycle. The correct verb is 運転する (うんてんする, 'to operate/ride a vehicle'). ドライブ specifically implies a car.
• 4You don't ドライブ an airplane. The correct verb for piloting/operating an aircraft is 操縦する (そうじゅうする, 'to pilot'). ドライブ is only used for cars.

• ドライブ — going for a (pleasure) drive (in a car)
• 送おくる — to take someone somewhere, to drop off
• 運転うんてんする — to drive/operate a vehicle
• 操縦そうじゅうする — to pilot, to operate (an aircraft)

礼儀 (れいぎ) means 'etiquette, manners.' Option 3 says 'I want to acquire proper manners so that I won't feel embarrassed.' 「礼儀を身につける」('to acquire/learn manners') is a standard, correct collocation.

• 1礼儀 is a noun, not a な-adjective. 「礼儀な人」is grammatically wrong. The correct expression would be 礼儀正しい (れいぎただしい, 'well-mannered') person.
• 2This says the gym is 'decorated with manners' (礼儀に飾られる), which is nonsensical. A venue for a ceremony would be decorated with flowers or ornaments (飾りつける), not with 礼儀.
• 4「礼儀する」('to do manners') is not a valid verb form. 礼儀 is a noun and does not become a する-verb. The correct expression would be 礼儀を守る (れいぎをまもる, 'to observe manners').

• 礼儀れいぎ — etiquette, manners
• 礼儀正れいぎただしい — well-mannered, polite
• 礼儀を守る（れいぎをまもる） — to observe manners
• 身みにつける — to acquire, to learn (a skill/habit)

どっと is an onomatopoeic adverb meaning 'all at once, in a rush, suddenly (in large quantity).' It is commonly used with things like fatigue, laughter, or sweat appearing suddenly and heavily. Option 4 says 'When the test was over, the accumulated fatigue came out all at once.' 「どっと出た」('came out all at once') is a perfect, idiomatic usage.

• 1This says 'Stay still and どっと until the doctor comes.' どっと does not mean 'stay still/quiet.' The correct word is じっとして (じっとしている, 'to stay still/quiet').
• 2This says 'I've been どっと waiting since yesterday.' どっと does not mean 'continuously/all along.' The correct word is ずっと ('all the time, continuously').
• 3This says the mother 'どっと wiped the crying child's tears.' どっと does not describe a gentle wiping action. The correct word would be そっと ('gently, softly') or ぎゅっと ('firmly, tightly').

• どっと — all at once, in a rush, suddenly (in large quantity)
• じっと — motionless, still, quietly
• ずっと — all the time, continuously
• そっと — gently, softly, quietly