所有（しょゆう）している means 'owns/possesses'. 持（も）っている is the closest paraphrase, meaning 'has/owns'.
1探（さが）して means 'searching for', unrelated to ownership.
2借（か）りて means 'renting/borrowing', the opposite idea of owning.
4建（た）てて means 'building (a structure)'; one may own a store without having built it.
所有 — ownership; to own/possess
持つ — to have; to own
2.佐藤さんはおそらく来ないと思う。
1たぶん
2当然
3やはり
4絶対
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Answer: 1. たぶん
おそらく means 'probably/likely'. たぶん is the closest synonym, also meaning 'probably'.
2当然（とうぜん） means 'naturally/of course', expressing certainty rather than likelihood.
3やはり means 'as expected/after all', a different nuance.
4絶対（ぜったい） means 'absolutely', expressing certainty, not probability.
おそらく — probably; likely
たぶん — probably; perhaps
3.まだ収納していない物がたくさんある。
1集めて
2預けて
3返して
4しまって
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Answer: 4. しまって
収納（しゅうのう）する means 'to put away/store'. しまって (from しまう) means 'put away', the closest paraphrase.
1集（あつ）めて means 'gathering/collecting', not putting away.
2預（あず）けて means 'entrusting/leaving (something with someone)', not storing.
3返（かえ）して means 'returning', unrelated.
収納 — storing; putting away
しまう — to put away; to store
4.妹は母に似て小柄だ。
1声が小さい
2力が弱い
3体が小さい
4心が弱い
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Answer: 3. 体が小さい
小柄（こがら） means 'small-built/petite (body)'. 体（からだ）が小さい is the closest paraphrase.
1声（こえ）が小さい means 'quiet voice', unrelated to build.
2力（ちから）が弱い means 'weak strength', not body size.
4心（こころ）が弱い means 'weak-hearted/fragile', unrelated.
小柄 — small-built; petite
5.鈴木さんは無口だ。
1あまり笑わない
2あまり話さない
3あまり怒らない
4あまり食べない
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Answer: 2. あまり話さない
無口（むくち） means 'taciturn/not talkative'. あまり話（はな）さない ('doesn't talk much') is the closest paraphrase.
1あまり笑（わら）わない means 'doesn't smile/laugh much', unrelated to talking.
3あまり怒（おこ）らない means 'doesn't get angry often', unrelated.
4あまり食（た）べない means 'doesn't eat much', unrelated.
無口 — taciturn; uncommunicative; not talkative
6.温暖
1佐藤さんはいつも厳しいが、本当はとても温暖な性格の人だ。
2冷めるとおいしくないので、なるべく温暖なうちに召し上がってください。
3この地方は温暖で暮らしやすく、野菜や果物などの農産物も豊富だ。
4エアコンをつけたら、部屋の中が温暖になって眠くなってきた。
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Answer: 3. この地方は温暖で暮らしやすく、野菜や果物などの農産物も豊富だ。
温暖 (おんだん) means 'warm/mild' and is used specifically to describe climate or weather conditions of a region. Option 3 correctly uses it to describe a region's climate being mild, making it easy to live in and suitable for agriculture. This is the standard collocation: 温暖な気候, 温暖な地方.
1温暖 is not used to describe personality. The correct word here would be 温和 (おんわ, 'mild-mannered/gentle'). 温暖 refers only to climate, not human temperament.
2温暖 is not used for the temperature of food. The correct word would be 温かい (あたたかい, 'warm'). 温暖 is a formal term for climate, not for everyday physical warmth of objects or food.
4温暖 is not used for room temperature. The correct word would be 暖かい (あたたかい, 'warm'). You cannot say a room 'became 温暖' due to an air conditioner.
温暖 — warm, mild (used for climate/weather of a region)
温和 — mild, gentle (used for personality or climate)
7.振り向く
1だれかに後ろから呼ばれたので振り向いたら、課長だった。
2道を渡るときは、左右を振り向いて車が来ないことを確認しよう。
3だれかが空を指したので、近くにいた人たちが一斉に上を振り向いた。
4森さんは私を見ると、恥ずかしそうに下を振り向いたまま顔を上げなかった。
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Answer: 1. だれかに後ろから呼ばれたので振り向いたら、課長だった。
振り向く (ふりむく) means 'to turn around' — specifically to turn one's head or body to look behind oneself. Option 1 is the textbook usage: someone called from behind, so the person turned around (振り向いた) and saw it was the section chief.
2振り向く means turning to look behind, not checking left and right. For checking both sides before crossing, you would use 左右を見る or 左右を確認する. 振り向く implies a backward turn, not lateral checking.
3振り向く means turning around (backward), not looking up. Looking up at the sky would be 見上げる (みあげる) or 上を見る. You cannot '上を振り向く.'
4振り向く means turning around to look behind, not looking down. Looking down in embarrassment would be 俯く (うつむく) or 下を向く. '下を振り向く' is nonsensical.
振り向く（ふりむく） — to turn around (to look behind oneself)
俯く — to look down
8.用途
1新しい趣味を始めるため、時間の用途を工夫することにした。
2会社での私の用途は、新入社員の指導をすることだ。
3鈴木さんの才能は、多くの用途に生かされるだろう。
4本来の用途ではないが、この容器は花瓶にしてもいいと思う。
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Answer: 4. 本来の用途ではないが、この容器は花瓶にしてもいいと思う。
用途 (ようと) means 'use, purpose, application' — specifically what something (an object, tool, material) is used for. Option 4 correctly uses it: the container's original 用途 (intended use) is different, but it can also serve as a vase. This is the standard collocation: 本来の用途, 用途に合う.
1用途 is not used for how one spends or allocates time. The correct expression would be 時間の使い方 (how to use time) or 時間のやりくり. 用途 applies to physical things, not abstract time.
2用途 is not used for a person's role or duty at a company. The correct word would be 役割 (やくわり, 'role') or 任務 (にんむ, 'duty'). 用途 describes what objects are for, not what people do.
3才能 (talent) is not described as having 用途. Talent is applied in various 分野 (ぶんや, 'fields') or 場面 (ばめん, 'situations'). 用途 is for things/tools, not human abilities.
用途 — use, purpose, application (of a thing/object)
役割 — role, part (of a person)
9.甘やかす
1今年のA社の就職試験は、昨年より内容が甘やかされている。
2林さんは、ずっと親に甘やかされて育ったせいか、わがままで困る。
3ひどくなったら大変だから、風邪を甘やかさないほうがいいですよ。
4今日は、いつもより多めに砂糖を入れて、コーヒーを甘やかした。
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Answer: 2. 林さんは、ずっと親に甘やかされて育ったせいか、わがままで困る。
甘やかす (あまやかす) means 'to spoil, to pamper' — to treat someone (typically a child) too leniently, indulging their wants without discipline. Option 2 is correct: Hayashi-san was spoiled (甘やかされて) by parents while growing up, and as a result is selfish (わがまま). This is the core usage: 親に甘やかされる.
1甘やかす is not used for exam content being easy. The correct word would be 簡単 (かんたん) or 易しい (やさしい). Also, 試験の内容が甘やかされる is grammatically wrong — 甘やかす takes a person as its object, not an exam.
3甘やかす is not used for illnesses like a cold. The intended meaning here is 'don't underestimate a cold,' which would be 風邪を甘く見る (あまくみる, 'to take lightly/underestimate'). 甘やかす means to spoil a person, not to neglect an illness.
4甘やかす is not used for making coffee sweeter. The correct expression would be コーヒーを甘くする (to make coffee sweet). 甘やかす means to spoil/pamper a person, not to add sweetness to food/drink.
甘やかす — to spoil, to pamper (a person, especially a child)
甘く見る（あまくみる） — to underestimate, to take lightly
10.行方
1この写真の二人は事件に関係があるらしいが、まだ行方が分からない。
2慌てていたので、行方を確かめずにバスに乗ってしまった。
3交差点を右に曲がると、行方に黒い高層ビルが見えた。
4日曜日の私の行方はいつも決まっていて、近くの喫茶店か図書館だ。
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Answer: 1. この写真の二人は事件に関係があるらしいが、まだ行方が分からない。
行方 (ゆくえ) means 'whereabouts' — the direction someone has gone or their current location, especially when unknown or missing. Option 1 is correct: the two people in the photo are related to an incident, but their whereabouts (行方) are still unknown. The standard collocation is 行方が分からない / 行方が知れない.
2行方 is not used for checking a bus's destination before boarding. The correct word would be 行き先 (いきさき, 'destination'). 行方 implies someone's whereabouts (often unknown), not a vehicle's scheduled route.
3行方 is not used for the direction one is facing or what lies ahead. The correct word would be 先 (さき, 'ahead') or 向こう (むこう, 'over there'). '行方にビルが見えた' is not natural Japanese.
4行方 is not used for one's regular hangout or planned destination. The correct word would be 行き先 (いきさき, 'destination'). 行方 carries a nuance of unknown/missing whereabouts, not a deliberate, fixed routine.
行方 — whereabouts (where someone has gone, often unknown)
行き先（いきさき） — destination (where one is going/plan to go)
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