N2 Vocabulary · Test 3

失望（しつぼう）した means 'was disappointed / lost hope.' がっかりした is the closest paraphrase, meaning 'was disappointed / let down.' The sentence says 'I was disappointed by that person's cold attitude,' which matches perfectly.

• 2びっくりした means 'was surprised.' Disappointment and surprise are different emotional reactions; the cold attitude caused loss of hope, not shock.
• 3かっとした means 'got angry / flared up.' This describes sudden anger, not the feeling of let-down or loss of hope.
• 4ぞっとした means 'was horrified / shuddered.' This implies fear or dread, not disappointment.

• 失望しつぼうした — was disappointed, lost hope
• がっかりした — was disappointed, let down
• びっくりした — was surprised
• かっとした — got angry, flared up
• ぞっとした — was horrified, shuddered

とりかかる（取り掛かる） means 'to set about, to start (a task).' 仕事を始めます ('start the work') is the closest paraphrase. The sentence says 'I will start the work right away.'

• 1仕事を探します means 'look for work (a job).' とりかかる is about beginning a task you already have, not searching for one.
• 3仕事を教えます means 'teach the work.' This is unrelated to starting a task.
• 4仕事を頼みます means 'request/ask someone to do work.' This is about delegating, not beginning work yourself.

• とりかかる — to set about, to start (a task)
• 始はじめます — to begin, to start
• 探さがします — to search for, to look for
• 教おしえます — to teach
• 頼たのみます — to request, to ask

人柄（ひとがら） means 'personality, character (of a person).' 性格（せいかく） also means 'personality, character' and is the closest paraphrase. The sentence says 'A person's character shows in their handwriting.'

• 1格好（かっこう） means 'appearance, shape, form.' This refers to outward physical look, not inner character.
• 2体調（たいちょう） means 'physical condition, health.' This is about bodily state, not personality.
• 3気分（きぶん） means 'mood, feeling.' Mood is a temporary emotional state, whereas 人柄 refers to a stable, enduring character.

• 人柄ひとがら — personality, character (of a person)
• 性格せいかく — personality, character
• 格好かっこう — appearance, shape, form
• 体調たいちょう — physical condition, health
• 気分きぶん — mood, feeling

案の定（あんのじょう） means 'as expected, sure enough.' やっぱり also means 'as expected / as I thought' and is the closest paraphrase. The sentence says 'As expected, the speech didn't go well.'

• 1あまり means 'not very much' (with negative). While the sentence is negative, あまり does not carry the 'as expected' nuance of 案の定.
• 2あいかわらず means 'as usual, still (unchanged).' This implies a continuing state from before, not the 'as I predicted' sense of 案の定.
• 4ぜんぜん means 'not at all' (with negative). This intensifies the negative but does not convey the 'as expected' meaning.

• 案の定（あんのじょう） — as expected, sure enough
• やっぱり — as expected, as I thought
• あいかわらず — as usual, still (unchanged)
• あまり — not very (with negative)
• ぜんぜん — not at all (with negative)

くるむ（包む） means 'to wrap.' 包んで（つつんで） is the te-form of 包む, also meaning 'to wrap.' The sentence says 'I wrapped the garbage and threw it away.'

• 1縛って（しばって） means 'tied / bound.' Tying is different from wrapping; you might tie a bag, but くるむ specifically means wrapping something in material.
• 2集めて（あつめて） means 'gathered / collected.' This is unrelated to wrapping.
• 3分けて（わけて） means 'divided / separated.' This is about sorting or splitting, not wrapping.

• くるむ — to wrap (in something)
• 包つつんで — wrapping (te-form of 包む)
• 縛しばって — tying, binding (te-form of 縛る)
• 集あつめて — gathering, collecting (te-form of 集める)
• 分わけて — dividing, separating (te-form of 分ける)

引用（いんよう）means 'to quote/cite,' i.e., to take someone else's words or text and use them in your own writing or speech, typically naming the source. Option 3, 'レポートで、新聞記事を引用する' (quote a newspaper article in a report), is the textbook usage: you take text from a newspaper article and reproduce it in your report.

• 1先輩のやり方（methods/way of doing things）is not text or words, so you cannot 引用 it. You might 模倣（もほう）or まねする a method, but not 引用 it.
• 2水を引く（to draw/channel water）is the correct expression; 引用 is not used for drawing water from a river. This confuses 引（ひ）く with 引用.
• 4ほかの人のお金 should be 盗む（ぬすむ）or 拝借する, not 引用する. Money is not text/words, so 引用 makes no sense.

• 引用（する）（いんよう（する）） — to quote, to cite (someone's words/text in one's own work)

ほっと is an onomatopoeic/mimetic word expressing relief when a worry or tension is resolved. Option 4, 'なくしたと思った大事な本が見つかって、ほっとした' (I found the important book I thought I'd lost, and felt relieved), perfectly fits: anxiety → resolution → relief.

• 1ほっと does not mean 'suddenly/noticing.' The intended expression here is ふと（ふと気づいたら, 'when I casually noticed'). ほっと and ふと are being confused.
• 2ほっとする is not 'to space out / slack off.' The intended word here is ぼんやり（していたら）or ぼーっとしていたら. ほっと expresses relief, not inattention.
• 3ほっと does not mean 'suddenly / face turning red from emotion.' The intended expression is ふっと（ふっと顔が赤くなった, 'suddenly my face turned red'). This is a look-alike confusion with ふっと.

• ほっと（する） — to feel relieved (after anxiety/tension is resolved)

展開（てんかい）means 'development/unfolding,' especially the way a story, plot, or situation progresses and changes. Option 2, 'この漫画は、ストーリーの展開が面白い' (this manga's story development is interesting), is the standard usage: how the plot unfolds.

• 1The history of organisms on an island is 進化（しんか, evolution）or 発展（はってん, development）, not 展開. 展開 is not used for biological evolution history.
• 3Time passing quickly is 時間の経過（けいか）or 時間が経つのが早い, not 展開. 展開 does not apply to the passage of time.
• 4Reaching/advancing to the finals is 進出（しんしゅつ）or 出場（しゅつじょう）, not 展開. 展開 describes how a situation/story unfolds, not qualifying for a round.

• 展開てんかい — development, unfolding (of a story/plot/situation)

妥当（だとう）means 'appropriate, reasonable, proper' — fitting the circumstances, not extreme. Option 1, '品質に比べて値段が高いと言う人もいるが、私は妥当な金額だと思う' (some say the price is high compared to the quality, but I think it's a reasonable amount), uses 妥当 correctly: a price that is reasonable/appropriate.

• 2A meeting being canceled when you feel slightly unwell is ありがたい/都合がいい (convenient/welcome), not 妥当. 妥当 describes appropriateness of a judgment/amount/evaluation, not personal convenience.
• 3Weather clearing up is いい天気/快晴（かいせい）, not 妥当な天気. 妥当 is not used for weather conditions.
• 4Lyrics matching one's feelings is 気持ちに合う/重なる/ぴったりだ, not 妥当. 妥当 means 'reasonable/appropriate as a judgment,' not 'matching/suitable for feelings.'

• 妥当（な）（だとう（な）） — appropriate, reasonable, proper (fitting the circumstances)

かばう means 'to protect/defend someone (from criticism, blame, attack),' especially to take their side or make excuses to shield them. Option 3, '弟が両親にしかられていたので、「すごく反省してたよ」と言って、弟をかばった' (my little brother was being scolded by our parents, so I said 'he was really reflecting on it' and covered for him), is the correct usage: defending/protecting the brother from blame.

• 1Protecting the environment is 守る（まもる）or 保護（ほご）する, not かばう. かばう is for defending a person, not environmental protection activities.
• 2Being protected by law (for animals/plants) is 保護（ほご）される, not かばわれる. かばう is shielding a specific person from blame/attack, not legal species protection.
• 4Protecting new technology/information is 守る（まもる）or 保護する/機密保持する, not かばう. かばう is not used for guarding intellectual property or information.

• かばう — to protect/defend someone (from criticism, blame, attack); to cover for someone