N2 Vocabulary · Test 49

分析（ぶんせき）means 'analysis.' The sentence says 'As a result of analyzing various data, the cause of the accident became clear.' You analyze data, so 分析 fits perfectly.

• 1視察（しさつ）means 'inspection/observation' — visiting a site to observe conditions (e.g., a factory, a school). You don't 視察 data.
• 2検査（けんさ）means 'inspection/examination' — checking something for defects or problems (e.g., a medical checkup, a safety inspection). You don't 検査 data in the sense of analyzing it to find a cause.
• 3発明（はつめい）means 'invention' — creating something new. This makes no sense with データ.

• 分析ぶんせき — analysis, to analyze
• 視察しさつ — inspection (on-site observation)
• 検査けんさ — inspection, examination
• 発明はつめい — invention

ぶらぶら means 'strolling aimlessly, idling about.' 街をぶらぶらしていたら = 'While I was strolling around town, I ran into Yamamoto-san.' The ～していたら pattern ('while I was doing X, something happened') works naturally with ぶらぶら.

• 1ぐらぐら means 'wobbly, unsteady, shaking' (e.g., a loose tooth, an unstable table). You can't ぐらぐらする a town.
• 2がらがら means 'empty, deserted' (e.g., an empty theater) or 'rattling/clanking.' It doesn't describe walking around town.
• 3ばらばら means 'scattered, in pieces, disorganized' (e.g., pages falling apart). It doesn't describe strolling.

• ぶらぶら — strolling aimlessly, idling about
• ぐらぐら — wobbly, unsteady
• がらがら — empty, deserted; rattling sound
• ばらばら — scattered, in pieces

活気（かっき）is a noun meaning 'vitality, energy, liveliness.' 町が活気にあふれている = 'The town is overflowing with energy.' The pattern ～にあふれている ('overflowing with ～') requires a noun, and 活気 is the correct noun for a lively atmosphere.

• 2活発（かっぱつ）is a na-adjective meaning 'active, lively' (describing a person's personality or a discussion). It is not a noun used with にあふれる.
• 3活躍（かつやく）means 'active role, success' — someone 活躍する (plays an active role). A town doesn't overflow with 活躍.
• 4活動（かつどう）means 'activity' (e.g., club activities, volunteer activities). 町が活動にあふれている is unnatural; a town overflows with energy, not with 'activities.'

• 活気かっき — vitality, energy, liveliness
• 活発かっぱつ — active, lively (na-adjective)
• 活躍かつやく — active role, success
• 活動かつどう — activity

つまって（詰まって）means 'jammed, clogged, stuffed.' コピー機に紙がつまって、出てこない = 'Paper is jammed in the copier and won't come out.' This is the standard word for a paper jam.

• 1もぐって（潜って）means 'to dive, to burrow' (e.g., into water, under covers). Paper doesn't もぐる in a machine.
• 3しずんで（沈んで）means 'to sink' (e.g., a ship sinking, the sun setting). Not applicable to paper in a copier.
• 4うまって（埋まって）means 'to be filled, to be packed' (e.g., a schedule is full, a hole is filled). While it has a sense of 'blocked,' the specific word for a paper jam is 詰まる, not 埋まる.

• 詰つまる — to be jammed, clogged, stuffed
• 潜もぐる — to dive, to burrow
• 沈しずむ — to sink
• 埋うまる — to be filled, to be packed

反映（はんえい）means 'to reflect' — a work reflects the current era. 今の時代を反映した作品 = 'a work that reflects the current era.' This is the standard collocation.

• 2放映（ほうえい）means 'to broadcast' (a TV program, a film). A novel doesn't broadcast an era.
• 3引用（いんよう）means 'to quote, to cite' — using someone else's words or text. You 引用 a specific source, not an entire era.
• 4採用（さいよう）means 'to adopt, to employ' (e.g., adopting a proposal, hiring a person). You don't 採用 an era.

• 反映はんえい — to reflect (abstractly, as a mirror of society)
• 放映ほうえい — to broadcast (TV, film)
• 引用いんよう — to quote, to cite
• 採用さいよう — to adopt, to employ

ブーム means a boom, craze, or fad—something that becomes popular for a time. 流行 (りゅうこう) means 'trend/fad/popularity' and is the closest paraphrase. The sentence means 'This boom/fad probably won't last long.'

• 1効果 (こうか) means 'effect/result', unrelated to a boom.
• 2状態 (じょうたい) means 'state/condition', too general and not synonymous with ブーム.
• 4緊張 (きんちょう) means 'tension/nervousness', unrelated.

• ブーム — boom, fad, craze
• 流行りゅうこう — trend, fad, popularity

慎重に (しんちょうに) means 'carefully, cautiously'. 十分注意して (じゅうぶんちゅういして) means 'with sufficient care/attention', which is the closest paraphrase. The sentence means 'Please do this work carefully.'

• 1急いで means 'in a hurry', the opposite of carefully.
• 2絶対忘れずに means 'without fail, don't forget', about memory, not caution.
• 3静かに means 'quietly', about sound, not carefulness.

• 慎重しんちょう — careful, cautious
• 十分注意じゅうぶんちゅういして — with sufficient care

ちぢむ (縮む) means 'to shrink/contract'. 小さくなって (ちいさくなって) means 'become smaller', the closest paraphrase. The sentence means 'The shirt shrank.'

• 2古くなって (ふるくなって) means 'became old', not shrink.
• 3汚れて (よごれて) means 'became dirty', not shrink.
• 4破れて (やぶれて) means 'got torn', not shrink.

• 縮ちぢむ — to shrink, contract

ほぼ means 'almost, nearly'. だいたい means 'mostly, approximately', the closest paraphrase. The sentence means 'The homework report is almost finished.'

• 1すべて means 'all/completely', stronger than ほぼ which implies not fully.
• 2すぐに means 'immediately/soon', about time, not degree.
• 4やっと means 'finally/at last', about difficulty/relief, not degree of completion.

• ほぼ — almost, nearly
• だいたい — mostly, approximately

回復する (かいふくする) means 'to recover, get better'. よくなる means 'to become better/improve', the closest paraphrase. The sentence means 'I hear the weather will recover next week.'

• 1あまり変わらない means 'won't change much', not recover.
• 2変わりやすい means 'changes easily', about variability, not recovery.
• 4悪くなる means 'will get worse', the opposite of recover.

• 回復かいふくする — to recover, get better
• よくなる — to become better, improve