N2 Vocabulary · Test 98

Option 3 (重量) is correct. 重量(じゅうりょう) means 'weight' (formal/technical term). The sentence says: 'If the weight of the luggage exceeds 20 kg...' 重(じゅう) means 'heavy/weight' and 量(りょう) means 'quantity/amount,' together forming 重量(じゅうりょう).

• 1重両 — 両(りょう) is a kanji meaning 'both' or 'tael (unit of currency),' not 'quantity.' It shares the reading りょう but is the wrong kanji.
• 2重領 — 領(りょう) means 'territory/jurisdiction,' not 'quantity.' Same reading but wrong meaning.
• 4重料 — 料(りょう) means 'fee/charge,' not 'quantity.' Same reading but wrong meaning.

• 重量じゅうりょう — weight (formal/technical term)

Option 1 (超過) is correct. 超過(ちょうか) means 'exceeding, going over (a limit).' The sentence says: 'If the weight exceeds 20 kg...' 超(ちょう) means 'exceed/surpass' and 過(か) means 'exceed/go beyond,' together forming 超過(ちょうか), a common compound meaning 'excess/overage.'

• 2越過 — 越(えつ/こ) means 'cross over (physically),' used in compounds like 通越 or 越年. While it can mean 'go beyond,' the standard compound for 'exceeding a limit' uses 超, not 越. 越過 is not a standard word.
• 3超課 — 課(か) means 'levy/impose (a tax/fee),' not 'exceed/go beyond.' 超課 is not a real word.
• 4越課 — Combines the wrong first kanji (越 instead of 超) with the wrong second kanji (課 instead of 過). Not a real word.

• 超過ちょうか — exceeding, going over a limit; excess

Option 4 (追加) is correct. 追加(ついか) means 'additional, extra, added.' The phrase 追加料金(ついかりょうきん) means 'additional charge/surcharge.' 追(つい) means 'pursue/add' and 加(か) means 'add,' together forming 追加(ついか).

• 1対価 — 対価(たいか) means 'consideration/compensation (in a transaction),' a legal/economic term. Wrong reading (たいか, not ついか) and wrong meaning.
• 2追価 — 追価 is not a standard word. It uses the correct first kanji 追 but pairs it with 価(か, 'value/price') instead of 加(か, 'add').
• 3対加 — Not a real word. 対(たい) has the wrong reading and 加 alone doesn't form a meaningful compound here.

• 追加ついか — addition, additional, extra
• 追加料金ついかりょうきん — additional charge, surcharge

Option 2 (請求) is correct. 請求(せいきゅう) means 'request, demand, billing.' The passive form 請求されます means 'will be billed/charged.' 請(せい) means 'request' and 求(きゅう) means 'seek/demand,' together forming 請求(せいきゅう).

• 1精求 — 精(せい) means 'refined/spirit/essence,' not 'request.' 精求 is not a real word; it pairs a lookalike kanji with the correct second kanji.
• 3製求 — 製(せい) means 'manufacture/make,' not 'request.' 製求 is not a real word.
• 4制求 — 制(せい) means 'control/system,' not 'request.' 制求 is not a real word.

• 請求せいきゅう — request, demand, billing (a charge)

Option 1 (深刻な) is correct. 深刻な(しんこくな) means 'serious, grave, severe,' used to describe a situation that is deeply troubling. The sentence says: 'In a grave economic recession, consumers try to cut waste as much as possible and buy only what is necessary for living.' 深(しん) means 'deep' and 刻(こく) means 'engrave/severe,' together forming 深刻(しんこく).

• 2深酷な — 酷(こく) means 'cruel/harsh' and shares the reading こく, but 深酷 is not a standard word. It looks plausible because 酷 can relate to severity, but the correct compound uses 刻.
• 3真刻な — 真(しん) means 'true/real' and shares the reading しん, but 真刻 is not a standard word. It looks plausible because 真 can intensify meaning.
• 4真酷な — Combines the wrong first kanji (真 instead of 深) with the wrong second kanji (酷 instead of 刻). Not a real word, though both share the correct readings.

• 深刻しんこくな — serious, grave, severe (of a situation)
• 不況ふきょう — recession, economic slump
• 消費者しょうひしゃ — consumer
• 省はぶく — to omit, cut out, save (waste)

こうかん is written 交換, meaning 'exchange' or 'replacement.' Here, the robot replaces parts (部品を交換する), so 交換 is correct.

• 2交代 (こうたい) means 'taking turns / сменa' (e.g., shifts). Wrong reading and meaning.
• 3交替 (こうたい) also means 'alternation / taking turns,' similar to 交代. Wrong reading and meaning.
• 4交変 is not a standard word; it is a fabricated distractor.

• 交換こうかん — exchange, replacement
• 交代こうたい — taking turns, сменa (shifts)
• 交替こうたい — alternation, taking turns

ほぞん is written 保存, meaning 'preservation' or 'keeping (food, etc.).' The sentence discusses methods of preserving food, so 保存 is correct.

• 2保在 is not a real word; it is a fabricated distractor using similar kanji.
• 3保蔵 (ほぞう) means 'storage' (especially of crops/grain in a storehouse). The reading is ほぞう, not ほぞん, and it is less appropriate for general food preservation.
• 4保守 (ほしゅ) means 'maintenance' (of machines/systems). Wrong reading and meaning.

• 保存ほぞん — preservation, keeping (food, data, etc.)
• 保蔵ほぞう — storage (of grain/crops in a storehouse)
• 保守ほしゅ — maintenance (of machines/systems)

しゅだん is written 手段, meaning 'means' or 'method.' The sentence says 'as a means of preserving food,' so 手段 is correct.

• 1取担 is not a real word; it is a fabricated distractor.
• 2取段 is not a real word; it is a fabricated distractor.
• 3手担 is not a real word; it is a fabricated distractor.

• 手段しゅだん — means, method

かんづめ is written 缶詰, meaning 'canned (food)' or 'canning.' The sentence lists canning as one method of food preservation, so 缶詰 is correct.

• 1瓶詰 (びんづめ) means 'bottled' (in a glass bottle). Wrong reading (びんづめ) and wrong container type.
• 3瓶結 is not a standard word; it is a fabricated distractor combining 瓶 with a lookalike kanji 結.
• 4缶結 is not a standard word; it is a fabricated distractor combining 缶 with 結 instead of 詰.

• 缶詰かんづめ — canned food, canning
• 瓶詰びんづめ — bottled (in a glass bottle)

かんそう is written 乾燥, meaning 'drying' or 'desiccation.' The sentence lists drying as a method of food preservation (乾燥させる = to cause to dry), so 乾燥 is correct.

• 2干操 is not a standard word. 干 (かん) relates to drying, but 操 is the wrong second kanji (it means 'manipulate/operate').
• 3乾操 is not a standard word. 乾 is correct, but 操 is wrong; the correct kanji is 燥.
• 4干燥 is not a standard Japanese word. While 干 can mean 'to dry,' the established compound is 乾燥, not 干燥. This is a deliberate lookalike distractor.

• 乾燥かんそう — drying, desiccation
• 乾かん / かわ(く) — dry
• 燥そう — dry (as in 乾燥)