N3 Grammar · Test 30

「午前中だけでよければ大丈夫だよ」= 'If it's fine (with you) for me to come just in the morning, I'm OK.' だけで = 'just/only,' and よければ = 'if it's acceptable/fine' (conditional). Tanaka is offering to come in the morning if that limited availability is acceptable to Yamashita.

• 1「ばかりでよければ」uses ばかり, which means 'nothing but / only' with a nuance of excess or limitation that is unnatural for simply saying 'just the morning.' だけ is the neutral and natural choice here.
• 2「ばかりでよくても」combines ばかり (unnatural here) with よくても (concessive: 'even if ~ is fine'). The concessive 〜ても doesn't fit — Tanaka is offering a conditional, not a concession.
• 4「だけでよくても」uses the correct だけで, but よくても (concessive 'even if it's fine') doesn't fit the context. Tanaka is asking 'if just the morning is acceptable, then I can come,' which requires the conditional よければ, not the concessive よくても.

• 〜だけでよければ — if just ~ is acceptable/fine (だけ = only + で = by means of + よければ = if good)
• 〜ても — even if ~ (concessive conditional)
• 午前中ごぜんちゅう — during the morning

The speaker (Yamaguchi) is humbly expressing that they didn't expect to meet the teacher at the party. お目にかかる is the humble (謙譲語) form of 会う ('to meet'), used when the speaker meets a superior. 「先生にお目にかかるとは思いませんでした」= 'I didn't expect to meet you (sensei).' Note: The particle に marks the person being met (先生に).

• 1「お見えになる」is the honorific (尊敬語) form of 来る/行く ('to come/to go'), meaning the teacher comes/appears. It describes the teacher's action, not the speaker's, and doesn't mean 'to meet.' The speaker should use humble language for their own action.
• 2「拝見できる」is the humble form of 見る ('to see/look at'), meaning 'to be able to see (something).' It is used for looking at objects, not for meeting people, so it doesn't fit.
• 4「ご覧になる」is the honorific (尊敬語) form of 見る ('to see/look at'), describing the teacher's action of looking at something. It doesn't mean 'to meet' and is honorific (for the teacher's action), not humble (for the speaker's action).

• お目にかかる（おめにかかる） — to meet (humble/謙譲語 form of 会う, used when meeting a superior)
• 拝見はいけんする — to look at/see (humble form of 見る)
• ご覧になる（ごらんになる） — to look at/see (honorific form of 見る)
• お見えになる（おみえになる） — to come/appear (honorific form of 来る)

Option 2 is correct because 「〜ようになる」 expresses a natural change in state, situation, or habit over time. The sentence uses the adverb 「だんだん」 (gradually), which perfectly matches this grammar point. The sentence means: 'My daughter had a weak body when she was small, but since entering elementary school, she gradually came to not catch colds or get fevers.'

• 1「〜ことになる」 expresses a decision made by an external authority, a group, or a schedule (e.g., 'it has been decided that...'). It cannot be used to describe a natural change in someone's health condition.
• 3「〜ことにする」 expresses a personal decision to do or not do something (e.g., 'I decided to...'). A child cannot simply make a personal decision to stop catching colds or getting fevers, so this does not fit the context.
• 4「〜ようにする」 expresses making an effort or trying to do something (e.g., 'I make it a rule to...'). While one can try to stay healthy, the sentence focuses on the natural result of the child's body getting stronger over time (だんだん), not on the child's conscious effort to avoid illness.

• だんだん — gradually, little by little
• 風を引く（かぜをひく） — to catch a cold
• 熱を出す（ねつをだす） — to get a fever, to develop a fever
• 〜ようになる — to come to be (a certain state); to reach the point where; indicates a change in state or habit
• 〜ことになる — it has been decided that; it turns out that
• 〜ことにする — to decide to (do something)
• 〜ようにする — to make an effort to; to try to; to see to it that

The sentence means: 'Yesterday my sister and I made soup, but we made a mistake with the amount of salt and the flavor became too strong.' The subject of the clause is 味が (the flavor), which requires the intransitive verb なる (to become). すぎる means 'too much/excessive,' so 濃くなりすぎて = 'became too strong (concentrated).' The full phrase: 味が濃くなりすぎていました = 'the flavor had become too strong.'

• 1濃くなりやすくなって = 'became easy to become strong.' This is grammatically convoluted and nonsensical in context. The mistake with salt didn't make the soup 'easy to become strong' — it actually made it strong.
• 2濃くしやすくなって = 'became easy to make strong.' This uses the transitive する (to make), but the subject is 味が (the flavor), which cannot 'make' anything. Also, やすくなる (become easy to) does not fit the context of an actual result.
• 4濃くしすぎて = 'made (it) too strong.' This uses the transitive する (to make), but the subject marked by が is 味 (the flavor), which is the thing that changed, not the agent of change. The intransitive なる is required.

• 濃こい — strong (flavor), thick, concentrated, dense
• 〜すぎる — to do～too much; to become too～ (excessive degree)
• なる (intransitive) — to become (used when the subject itself changes state)
• する (transitive) — to make (something) a certain way (requires an agent doing the action)

B was startled when A said their wallet was missing, then relieved when A found it. B says: びっくりさせないでください = 'Please don't scare/startle me.' びっくりする (to be surprised) is made causative with させる: びっくりさせる (to surprise someone). The negative request form 〜ないでください means 'please don't～.' This is a natural expression telling someone not to cause you alarm.

• 2させてください = 'please let me surprise (you).' This reverses the roles — B is the one who was surprised, not the one who wants to surprise A. It makes no sense in context.
• 3させないことにしてください = 'please decide not to make me surprised.' This is overly convoluted and unnatural. 〜ことにする means 'to decide to～,' and stacking it with 〜ないでください creates an awkward, non-idiomatic expression.
• 4させることにしてください = 'please decide to make me surprised.' This would mean B is asking A to intentionally scare them, which is the opposite of the intended meaning. Also structurally unnatural.

• びっくりする — to be surprised, startled
• 〜（さ）せる — causative suffix: to make/let someone do～ (びっくりさせる = to surprise someone)
• 〜ないでください — please don't～ (negative request)

The correct option is 3. The sentence means: 'My tooth has been hurting badly since this morning. I probably should go to the dentist right away, but I don't want to.' The pattern 「〜ばいいのだろうが」 (it would probably be good if...) perfectly captures the speaker's reluctant realization that going to the dentist is the right thing to do, contrasted with their unwillingness to go. 「行けば」 is the conditional form of 行く (to go), and 「のだろうが」 expresses a conjecture ('probably') followed by a contrastive 'but'.

• 1「行かなくてもいい」 means 'it is okay not to go'. This contradicts the context of having a severe toothache. If the speaker thought they didn't need to go, there would be no reason to say 'but I don't want to go'.
• 2「行かなくてもいいようだが」 means 'it seems it is okay not to go, but'. Aside from the contradictory meaning of not needing to go, 「ようだ」 (it seems) is less appropriate here than 「のだろう」 for expressing the speaker's internal conjecture about what they ought to do.
• 4「行ければ」 is the potential conditional form, meaning 'if I could go'. The speaker is physically capable of going to the dentist; they just don't want to. Therefore, the potential form is unnatural in this context. Additionally, 「ようだが」 is less fitting than 「のだろうが」.

• 行いく — to go
• 〜ばいい — it would be good if... (conditional + いい)
• 〜のだろうが — it is probably..., but... (conjecture + contrastive)
• 痛いたい — painful, hurts
• 歯医者はいしゃ — dentist