N5 Grammar · Test 24

The correct answer is 1 (で). The particle で here indicates the unit or quantity basis for a price. 五つで1,000円 means '1,000 yen for five (apples).' This is the pattern (quantity)で (price) = ' (price) for (quantity),' expressing a unit price or bulk price.

• 2に marks a destination, target, or point in time. 五つに1,000円 would mean 'to five, 1,000 yen,' which does not express the relationship between quantity and price.
• 3や connects nouns in a non-exhaustive list. 五つや1,000円 would mean 'five and 1,000 yen (among other things),' which is nonsensical — it would treat a number and a price as items in a list.
• 4と means 'and' (connecting nouns) or 'with.' 五つと1,000円 would mean 'five and 1,000 yen,' listing them as two separate things rather than expressing a price-per-quantity relationship.

• やおや — greengrocer, vegetable shop
• りんご — apple
• 五いつつ — five (counting objects)

The correct answer is 2 (は／は). Here, は is used as a contrastive topic marker. The sentence contrasts 'yesterday' (きのう) and 'today' (今日): 'Yesterday it was a bit cold, but today it is not cold.' By marking both きのう and 今日 with は, the speaker sets up a contrast between the two days.

• 1に／に: に is a particle indicating time/space targets or indirect objects, but it cannot mark a topic for contrast. 'きのうに' is also unnatural Japanese — きのう (yesterday) typically takes は or no particle.
• 3も／も: も means 'also/too.' Using it for both days would imply 'yesterday was also cold, and today is also not cold,' which contradicts the contrastive ですが (but) in the sentence.
• 4を／を: を is the direct-object particle. Time words like きのう and 今日 cannot take を in this context.

• きのう — yesterday
• 今日きょう — today
• 少すこし — a little, slightly
• 寒さむい — cold (weather/temperature)

The correct answer is 3 (で). きれい is a な-adjective (きれいだ). To connect two な-adjectives or a な-adjective and another predicate, you use the て-form, which for な-adjectives is formed by replacing だ with で. So きれいで connects 'the sea is beautiful' with 'it is quiet': 'Minamimachi has a beautiful sea and is quiet.'

• 1や: や is a listing particle meaning 'things like ~ and...', used between nouns (e.g., りんごやみかん). It cannot connect adjectives.
• 2と: と as a conjunction means 'and' between nouns, but it cannot link the な-adjective きれい to another adjective/predicate in this way.
• 4も: も means 'also/too.' 'きれいも' is grammatically incorrect — も cannot attach to a な-adjective stem like this.

• 南町みなみまち — Minamimachi (place name)
• 海うみ — sea, ocean
• きれい — beautiful, pretty (な-adjective)
• 静しずか — quiet (な-adjective)

The correct answer is 1 (そこ). The sentence is '林さん、そこに ある カメラは 林さんのですか。' = 'Hayashi-san, the camera that is there — is it yours?' そこ ('there') is a place word and fits before に (there/over there). そこにあるカメラ is a relative clause: 'the camera that is at that place.'

• 2どこ: どこ means 'where.' 'どこにあるカメラ' = 'the camera that is at where,' which is grammatically incomplete and doesn't make sense as a statement identifying a specific camera.
• 3その: その ('that', modifier form) directly precedes a noun, e.g., そのカメラ ('that camera'). It cannot precede に because it is not a place word.
• 4どの: どの ('which', modifier form) also directly precedes a noun, e.g., どのカメラ ('which camera'). It cannot precede に for the same reason.

• そこ — there (place near the listener)
• どこ — where
• その — that (modifies a noun, near listener)
• どの — which (modifies a noun)
• カメラ — camera

The correct answer is 4 (いかが). いかが is the polite form of どう ('how'). B asks 'そうですか。いかがでしたか。' = 'Is that so. How was it?' A then answers 'とても 楽しかったです' = 'It was very fun.' The question word いかが naturally asks about an experience or impression, which matches the context of asking about a first skiing trip.

• 1どちら: どちら means 'which (direction/one)' and is used when choosing between two options. It does not ask about an impression or experience.
• 2どなた: どなた is the polite form of だれ ('who'), used to ask about a person's identity. It does not fit here since B is asking about the experience, not a person.
• 3いくつ: いくつ means 'how many' or 'how old (for children/objects).' It asks about quantity or age, not about an impression.

• いかが — how (polite form of どう)
• どちら — which direction / which one (polite)
• どなた — who (polite)
• いくつ — how many / how old
• 楽たのしい — fun, enjoyable
• スキー — skiing

も is the correct particle. It means 'also/too.' 田中さんも来てください means 'Tanaka-san, please come too.' The context is that there is a party today, so Yamashita is inviting Tanaka to come as well (in addition to others who are coming).

• 1に marks a recipient or destination. While に can appear with verbs like 来る in certain patterns, 田中さんに来てください is unnatural for an invitation addressed to Tanaka.
• 3や means 'and' (non-exhaustive list) for nouns. It cannot be used here before a verb.
• 4で marks means, location, or a group. 田中さんで来てください does not make sense in this context.

• パーティー（ぱーてぃー） — party
• 来くる — to come
• 来きてください — please come

The sentence means 'Is this hat Yamada-san's?' The particle の (no) here replaces the noun 'hat' after a person's name to express possession — 'Yamada-san's (one).' The pattern is (Person) の ですか = 'Is it (Person)'s?'

• 1や (ya) means 'and' (incomplete listing) and cannot express possession.
• 2は (wa) is the topic marker; '山田さんはですか' is grammatically broken.
• 4か (ka) is a question marker and cannot connect 'Yamada-san' to 'ですか' here.

• ぼうし — hat
• の — particle indicating possession / replacing a noun

The sentence means 'It's about 1000 yen by taxi to the station.' ぐらい (gurai) is attached to a quantity/amount to mean 'about, approximately.' 1000円ぐらいです = 'It's about 1000 yen.'

• 2など (nado) means 'etc.' and is used for listing things, not for approximate amounts.
• 3ごろ (goro) is used for approximate times (e.g., 3時ごろ), not for amounts of money.
• 4も (mo) as a particle with a quantity implies an unexpectedly large amount ('as much as 1000 yen'), which does not fit the neutral 'about' meaning needed here.

• ぐらい — about, approximately (used with quantities/amounts)
• ごろ — about, around (used with clock times)
• 駅えき — station

The dialogue is a parting exchange: 'Goodbye.' 'Goodbye. See you again (next week).' また来週 (mata raishūu) = 'again next week / see you next week.' また (again) naturally pairs with a future time word when saying goodbye.

• 1おととい (ototoi) = 'the day before yesterday' — a past time, incompatible with また ('again') in a farewell.
• 2今日 (kyō) = 'today' — saying 'see you again today' at parting is unnatural.
• 4今月 (kongetsu) = 'this month' — too broad and unnatural as a specific 'see you again' time in this short farewell.

• また — again
• 来週らいしゅう — next week
• さようなら — goodbye

The sentence means 'Mother is 5 years younger than Father.' より (yori) marks the standard of comparison: (A) は (B) より (adjective) です = 'A is (adjective)-er than B.' Here: 母は父より5さいわかいです = 'Mother is 5 years younger than Father.'

• 1から (kara) means 'from' and is not the comparison particle.
• 2まで (made) means 'until/up to' and is not used for comparison.
• 4のほうが (no hō ga) is used to emphasize the subject that has the trait (e.g., 父のほうがわかい = 'Father is the younger one'), but the sentence structure here requires the comparison standard marker より after 父.

• より — than (marks the standard of comparison)
• わかい — young
• 父ちち — (my) father
• 母はは — (my) mother