N1 Reading · Test 20

Option 4 is correct because the notice's primary purpose is to inform people that the fax machine is out of service due to a breakdown during relocation, and that phone and email can be used as alternatives. The passage states 'ファクスの送受信ができません' (fax sending/receiving is impossible) and '復旧までは下記の電話もしくはメールをご利用ください' (until restoration, please use the phone or email below). This is the most urgent and important information — the relocation itself was already announced previously ('すでにお知らせしておりますとおり').

• 1This is only background information already communicated before. The notice says 'すでにお知らせしておりますとおり' (as already announced), so the relocation is not the main point of this new notice.
• 2The passage never says the phone and email are available *because* the relocation was completed. It says they should be used *while the fax is being repaired*. The causal relationship stated here is incorrect.
• 3The passage clearly states that business already resumed on May 31 at the new location ('移転先にて業務を再開しております'). Business is not waiting for the fax to be restored; only the fax service is down.

• 移転（いてん） — relocation, moving (to a new office/location)
• 復旧（ふっきゅう） — restoration, recovery (of functionality)
• 送受信（そうじゅしん） — sending and receiving (of communications)

Option 3 is correct. The passage argues that improving only the exhibition environment is insufficient for true improvement of the animals' living environment. The keeper is an important environmental factor, and to avoid becoming a source of stress, the keeper must '動物をよく観察し、行動にあわせた世話をし、その動物の種としての特徴、個体としての性格を知らなければならない' (observe animals well, care for them according to their behavior, and understand their species characteristics and individual personality). Option 3 captures this core argument: understanding the animal's traits and personality is an essential part of improving the breeding environment.

• 1The passage does not state that the keeper-animal relationship is *more important* than exhibition environment improvement. It says exhibition improvement alone is not enough — both are needed. This option creates a false hierarchy not present in the text.
• 2This is too vague and misses the key point. The passage says keepers can *become* a stress source, but the main argument is about what keepers must *do* to prevent that (observe, understand traits/personality). Option 2 omits the keeper's role entirely.
• 4The passage never says the keeper's mission is to create an exhibition environment matching the animal's traits. It says the keeper must understand the animal and provide care matched to its behavior — not redesign the exhibition space.

• 飼育係（しいくがかり） — animal keeper, zookeeper
• 環境要因（かんきょうよういん） — environmental factor
• ストレス源（ストレスげん）（ストレスげん） — source of stress

Option 4 is correct. The passage contrasts power-based methods of moving people ('力', '経済力', '役職') with empathy-based communication ('共感'). It states that power-based approaches like '上意下達' and '弱肉強食' do not bring essential satisfaction ('本質的な満足は得られない'), and that what makes us human ('人が人である所以') is the ability to move and be moved through '共感' (empathy) with others. Option 4 — people move through empathy rather than force — directly captures this thesis.

• 1The passage says the opposite: in organizations, people are often moved by '役職＝ポジション' (position/title), not by empathy. Empathy is presented as the *ideal*, not as the current practice in companies.
• 2The passage acknowledges that using '役職' to move people is common, but it criticizes this approach as one that does not bring essential satisfaction. It does not advocate that we 'should consider' it; rather, it argues against relying on such methods.
• 3The passage never states that people will not move unless they are certain of essential satisfaction. This introduces a condition ('確信しない限り動かない') not found in the text.

• 希薄化（きはくか） — thinning, weakening (of relationships/communication)
• 上意下達（じょういかだつ） — top-down communication; conveying orders from superiors to subordinates
• 拮抗（きっこう） — rivalry, opposition, standing against equally
• 共感（きょうかん） — empathy, sympathy, shared feeling

Option 2 is correct. 'その現象' refers back to the phenomenon described in the preceding sentences: humans' adaptability becomes their enemy ('適応力が仇となり'), and humans end up being controlled by the tools they themselves created ('人間がつくった道具により人間が左右される') — 'as if humans were being created by the tools humans made.' The smartphone example illustrates this: the urge to use it while walking takes over one's field of vision and puts oneself and others in danger. This is a case of humans being swayed/controlled by a tool, which matches option 2 ('道具によって人間が振り回されている現象').

• 1The passage does not discuss humans becoming insensitive to convenience. It discusses humans being *controlled* by tools, not becoming numb to them.
• 3The passage does not say the tool itself becomes dangerous. The danger arises from the human's behavior (using the smartphone while walking), not from the tool inherently being dangerous. The core phenomenon is humans being swayed by tools, not tools becoming dangerous.
• 4The passage does not focus on tools expanding human desires. While desire is mentioned ('欲求にかられ'), the main point is that humans are *controlled/swayed* by the tools they created, not that the tools enlarge desire.

• 適応（てきおう） — adaptation, adjusting to
• 削ぐ（そぐ）（そぐ） — to chip away, diminish, weaken
• 仇（かたき/あだ）（あだ） — here: harm, something that backfires; normally 'enemy' but in this context means '害 (harm)'
• 左右する（さゆうする）（さゆうする） — to influence, control, sway (left and right)
• 振り回す（ふりまわす）（ふりまわす） — to swing around; to be swayed/at the mercy of something