N1 Vocabulary · Test 18

添付 is read てんぷ and means 'attachment' or 'enclosure.' The sentence means 'I attached a copy of my passport to the application form.' The reading てんぷ is the standard one for this compound.

• 1でんふ uses the wrong reading for 添 (でん instead of てん) and the wrong reading for 付 (ふ instead of ぷ).
• 2てんふ gets 添 right but uses ふ instead of ぷ for 付.
• 3でんぷ gets 付 right but uses でん instead of てん for 添.

• 添付てんぷ — attachment, enclosure (e.g., to a document)

慕われる is the passive form of 慕う (したう), meaning 'to be adored/loved/looked up to.' The sentence means 'I want to become a teacher who is loved by students.' The verb 慕う is read したう, so the passive is したわれる.

• 2したがわれる looks like it comes from 従う (したがう, 'to follow/obey'), which is a different verb entirely and does not fit the meaning of being adored.
• 3うやまわれる would come from 敬う (うやまう, 'to respect'), which is a plausible near-synonym but is not the reading of 慕う.
• 4ともなわれる would come from 伴う (ともなう, 'to accompany'), which is unrelated in meaning.

• 慕したう — to yearn for, to adore, to be attached to (someone)
• 慕したわれる — to be adored/loved (by someone)

破損 is read はそん and means 'damage' or 'breakage.' The sentence means 'If there is damage to the product, we will exchange it.' 破 is read は and 損 is read そん in this compound.

• 1はいん uses いん for 損, which is incorrect; 損 is read そん here.
• 3ひいん uses ひ for 破, which is a possible on-reading of 破 but not the one used in 破損, and いん is wrong for 損.
• 4ひそん gets 損 right but uses ひ instead of は for 破.

• 破損はそん — damage, breakage

承諾 is read しょうだく and means 'consent, agreement, acceptance.' The sentence means 'I have already obtained the department head's consent regarding this matter.' 承 is read しょう and 諾 is read だく.

• 1しゅうだく uses しゅう for 承, which is incorrect; the correct reading is しょう.
• 2しょうにん is the reading of 承認 (しょうにん, 'approval'), a near-synonym and a deliberate distractor, but it is not the reading of 承諾.
• 3しゅうにん uses しゅう for 承 (wrong) and にん for 諾 (wrong); this is the reading of 就任 (しゅうにん, 'taking office'), an unrelated word.

• 承諾しょうだく — consent, agreement, acceptance (of a request/offer)
• 承認しょうにん — approval, recognition (distractor)

淡い is read あわい and means 'pale, light, faint.' The sentence means 'Pale pink flowers are blooming in the garden.' 淡 is read あわ (with the adjective ending い).

• 1あさい is 浅い ('shallow'), a lookalike adjective with a different kanji and meaning.
• 2はかない is 儚い ('ephemeral, fleeting'), which shares a similar faint/delicate nuance but is a different word and kanji.
• 4きよい is 清い ('pure, clear'), which is unrelated to the meaning of 'pale/light-colored.'

• 淡あわい — pale, light (in color), faint

興奮 is read こうふん. It means 'excitement' or 'to be excited/aroused'. In this sentence, 観客は興奮した means 'the spectators got excited' at the wonderful final match. The kanji 興 takes the reading こう (as in 興味 きょうみ, but here the compound uses the ON-reading こう), and 奮 is ふん (as in 奮闘 ふんとう).

• 2きょうふん is a plausible misreading because 興 can be read きょう in compounds like 興味 (きょうみ), but in 興奮 the correct reading is こう.
• 3きょうぶん mixes the きょう reading of 興 with a wrong reading ぶん for 奮; neither part is correct for this compound.
• 4こうぶん has the right first character reading but 奮 is not read ぶん; こうぶん would resemble 合分 or other unrelated words.

• 興奮こうふん — excitement; to get excited
• 決勝けっしょう — final match / championship
• 観客かんきゃく — spectators, audience

唱える is read となえる and means 'to advocate, to state, to put forward (a theory/opinion)'. Here, この説は…初めて唱えた means 'this theory was first advocated by Mr. Suzuki 30 years ago.' The kanji 唱 in this verbal sense is となえる.

• 1たたえる is 誉える/称える ('to praise'), a different verb written 誉める/称える; it does not fit 'advocate a theory'.
• 3かなえる is 達える/叶える ('to grant, to fulfill (a wish)'), unrelated to putting forward a theory.
• 4うったえる is 訴える ('to sue, to appeal, to complain'), which is a different verb and does not collocate with 説 (theory).

• 唱となえる — to advocate, to state, to put forward (a theory/opinion)
• 説せつ — theory, opinion
• 訴うったえる — to sue, to appeal, to complain
• 称たたえる — to praise
• 叶かなえる — to grant, to fulfill

変遷 is read へんせん and means 'transition, changes over time, evolution'. The sentence means 'I investigated the transitions/changes in the main industries in this region.' 変 is へん and 遷 is せん (as in 遷移 せんい).

• 1へんさん is not a real word; it resembles 変散, which does not exist as a standard term.
• 2へんさい is not a real word; it could be confused with 返済 (へんさい, repayment) but that is unrelated.
• 4へんせい is 変成 or 編成 ('transformation/formation'), a different word; it does not mean 'transition over time'.

• 変遷へんせん — transition, changes over time
• 地域ちいき — region, area
• 産業さんぎょう — industry

値する is read あたいする and means 'to be worth (doing something), to deserve'. The pattern 尊敬に値する means 'worthy of respect'. 値 as a verb is あたいする.

• 1ちする is not a real reading of 値する; it may be confused with 致する (ちする, 'to do/to cause').
• 2ねする is not a real reading; 値 can be read ね as a noun ('price/value'), but the verb 値する is always あたいする.
• 3ちょくする is not a real reading; it may be confused with 直する (ちょくする, not standard) or other kanji, but it is incorrect.

• 値あたいする — to be worth, to deserve
• 尊敬そんけい — respect
• 努力どりょく — effort, hard work

随時 is read ずいじ and means 'at any time, whenever suitable, as needed'. 応募は随時受け付けています means 'applications are accepted at any time / on a rolling basis.' 随 is ずい (as in 随分 ずいぶん) and 時 is じ.

• 1じゅうじ is 十字 ('cross/crucifix') or 従事 (じゅうじ, to engage in); it is a different word and does not mean 'at any time'.
• 3すいじ is not a standard word; it may resemble 炊事 (すいじ, cooking), which is unrelated.
• 4しゅうじ is 習字 ('calligraphy') or 修事; it does not mean 'at any time'.

• 随時ずいじ — at any time, whenever suitable, as needed
• 応募おうぼ — application, applying
• 受け付ける（うけつける） — to accept, to receive (applications etc.)