N1 Vocabulary · Test 72

徹夜 is read てつや, meaning 'staying up all night.' 徹夜で練習し (practiced through the night) is correct.

• 1ていや is a misreading; 徹 is てつ, not てい.
• 2ていよ is a misreading of both kanji readings.
• 4てつよ is a misreading; 夜 is や, not よ.

• 徹夜てつや — staying up all night
• 徹てつ — to go through, penetrate (as in 徹する)
• 夜や/よる — night

臨んだ is read のぞんだ, the past tense of 臨む (のぞむ), 'to face/approach (a situation), to confront.' 本番に臨んだ (faced the actual performance) is the correct collocation.

• 1いどんだ is from 挑む 'to challenge, take on.' While semantically close, the fixed expression is 本番に臨む, not 本番に挑む.
• 2からんだ is from 絡む 'to get tangled/involved with.' Wrong meaning entirely.
• 4はげんだ is from 励む 'to strive, work hard.' Not used with に for 'facing' an event.

• 臨のぞむ — to face, approach (a situation/event), to confront
• 挑いどむ — to challenge, take on
• 絡からむ — to get tangled, get involved with
• 励はげむ — to strive, work hard

復興 is read ふっこう. The compound 復 (ふく) + 興 (こう) undergoes 促音化 (gemination), where く becomes っ, producing ふっこう. This is a common phonological change in Sino-Japanese compounds.

• 1ふくこう lacks the 促音 (small っ). While 復 alone is ふく, in this compound the く is geminated, so ふくこう is incorrect.
• 2ふくきょう uses the wrong reading for 興. 興 is read こう here, not きょう.
• 4ふっきょう has the 促音 but uses the wrong reading きょう for 興 instead of こう.

• 復興ふっこう — restoration, reconstruction, revival

慕う is read したう. In the passive te-form, 慕われていた becomes したわれていた. The verb 慕う means to yearn for, to adore, or to be fond of someone.

• 2になわれて is not a valid reading. There is no verb になう.
• 3うやまわれて comes from 尊敬・敬う (うやまう), meaning 'to respect.' While related in sentiment, 慕う is したう, not うやまう.
• 4したがわれて comes from 従う (したがう), meaning 'to obey/follow.' This is a different verb with a similar-looking reading.

• 慕したう — to yearn for, to adore, to be fond of
• 従したがう — to obey, to follow
• 敬うやまう — to respect, to honor

老衰 is read ろうすい. 老 is read ろう (as in 老人 ろうじん) and 衰 is read すい (as in 衰退 すいたい). Together they form ろうすい, meaning 'senility' or 'decline due to old age.'

• 1おいあい is not a valid reading for this compound. 老 can be read おい- in native Japanese words like 老いる (おいる), but 衰 is never あい.
• 2おいすい mixes the kun-reading おい for 老 with すい for 衰. In this compound both characters use their on-readings.
• 3ろうあい uses the correct on-reading ろう for 老 but the wrong reading あい for 衰. 衰 is read すい here, not あい.

• 老衰ろうすい — senility, physical decline due to old age

小銭 is read こぜに, meaning 'small change, coins.' 小銭を持って来てください means 'please bring small change.' The correct option is こぜに.

• 2こせん misreads 銭 as せん (the on-reading of 銭, as in 銭湯・せんとう), but in 小銭 the word is read with the kun-reading ぜに.
• 3しょうぜに uses the on-reading しょう for 小, but 小銭 is a kun-reading compound: こぜに.
• 4しょうせん uses on-readings for both kanji; 小銭 is not read しょうせん.

• 小銭こぜに — small change, coins
• 実費じっぴ — actual expenses
• 徴収ちょうしゅう — collection (of fees)

素材 is read そざい, meaning 'ingredients, raw materials.' 素材を吟味した料理 means 'dishes made with carefully selected ingredients.' The correct option is そざい.

• 1すざい uses the wrong vowel for 素 (す instead of そ); 素 is read そ in this compound.
• 3すうざい inserts an extra long vowel and uses す for 素; not a valid reading.
• 4そうざい corresponds to 総菜（そうざい, 'side dishes/deli items'）, a different word with a different kanji; it is a plausible distractor.

• 素材そざい — ingredients, raw materials
• 吟味ぎんみ — careful selection, close examination
• 本場ほんば — the home/original place (of a product/cuisine)

吟味 is read ぎんみ (option 4). It means 'careful selection/examination' — here, carefully selecting ingredients. The restaurant carefully selects its ingredients and offers wines imported from their place of origin.

• 1かんみ is not a valid reading for 吟味. It may be confused with 甘味 (かんみ, sweetness) or 鑑み (かんがみ).
• 2きんみ is not a valid reading. There is no common word 吟味 read きんみ.
• 3がんみ is not a valid reading. No standard word matches this.

• 吟味ぎんみ — careful selection/examination; scrutinizing
• 素材そざい — ingredients; materials
• 輸入ゆにゅう — import

本場 is read ほんば (option 1). It means 'the place of origin; the genuine/home region' — wines imported from their place of origin.

• 2もとば is not a valid reading for 本場. 本 can be read もと in some words, but not here.
• 3ほんじょう is not a valid reading for 本場. This may be confused with 本城 (ほんじょう).
• 4もとじょう is not a valid reading.

• 本場ほんば — place of origin; the genuine/home region
• 各種かくしゅ — various kinds; all sorts

各種 is read かくしゅ (option 1). It means 'various kinds; all sorts.' The restaurant offers various kinds of wines.

• 2かっしゅ would be the reading if the second character were 種 with a small っ, but 種 is read しゅ here, not っしゅ. This is a deliberate distractor mimicking words like 各国 (かっこく).
• 3かくしゅう is wrong — 種 is しゅ, not しゅう. This may be confused with 各州 (かくしゅう).
• 4かっしゅう is wrong for the same reason — incorrect gemination and wrong final vowel.

• 各種かくしゅ — various kinds; all sorts
• 輸入ゆにゅう — import