N2 Grammar · Test 12

にわたって indicates a span or range over a space/time. '約700メートルにわたって美しい砂浜が続いています' means 'a beautiful sandy beach stretches for about 700 meters.' This correctly expresses the extent of the beach.

• 1を通じて means 'throughout' a period or across an entire span (e.g., 一年を通じて). It emphasizes continuity through a whole period, not a measured spatial extent like 700 metres.
• 2に次いで means 'next to / second to' (e.g., 東京に次いで大きい). It ranks something as second, which makes no sense here.
• 3をめぐって means 'regarding / concerning / around (a topic or issue).' It is used for disputes or discussions about a matter, not for physical distance.

• にわたって — spanning ~ / extending over ~ (expresses a wide range or long span of space or time)
• を通じて（をつうじて） — throughout / through (an entire period or region)
• に次いで（についで） — next to / second to
• をめぐって — regarding / concerning (a topic, often with dispute or discussion)
• 砂浜すなはま — sandy beach
• 海水浴場かいすいよくじょう — swimming beach

あるいは means 'or,' connecting two alternatives. The sentence offers two ways to submit documents: '持参するか、あるいは郵送してください' = 'bring them in person, or else mail them.' This correctly presents a choice between two methods.

• 2および means 'and' (formal), joining items additively. The sentence already has か ('or'), so a conjunction meaning 'and' creates a contradiction.
• 3なお means 'moreover / furthermore / by the way,' used to add supplementary information, not to present an alternative.
• 4すなわち means 'that is to say / in other words,' used for rephrasing or defining, not for offering a choice.

• あるいは — or / alternatively
• および — and (formal)
• なお — moreover / furthermore / by the way
• すなわち — that is to say / in other words
• 持参じさん — bringing (something) with one
• 郵送ゆうそう — mailing / sending by post
• 締め切り日（しめきりび） — deadline

だって here means 'even,' used colloquially to emphasize. '今日だって一日晴れるって言ってたのに' = 'Even today, they said it would be sunny all day, but…' The wife is emphasizing that even today (like other days), the forecast was wrong.

• 1くらいでも would mean 'even about ~,' but 今日くらいでも is not a natural collocation here and does not convey the emphatic 'even today' meaning.
• 2だったり is a form for listing actions/states (AだったりBだったり). It does not fit the pattern '今日＋copula＋particle' needed here.
• 4とがで is not a recognized Japanese grammar pattern and does not fit the sentence. (See issues.)

• だって — even (colloquial emphatic particle, like でも)
• 天気予報てんきよほう — weather forecast
• 当あたる — to be correct (of a prediction/forecast)

だけに means 'precisely because / as might be expected from ~.' '彼の努力をずっと見てきただけに、本当にうれしい' = 'Precisely because I have watched his effort all along, I am truly happy.' It expresses that because of a certain background, the feeling is especially strong or natural.

• 1あげく means 'after doing ~ (in the end),' typically followed by a negative or disappointing result. The context here is positive (優勝, うれしい), so it does not fit.
• 2際に means 'at the time of / when ~ happens,' indicating a temporal occasion. It does not express the causal/emotional connection needed here.
• 3あまり means 'due to excessive ~,' followed by an extreme (usually negative) result. It does not fit the positive emotional context.

• だけに — precisely because ~ / as expected from ~ (the result is especially natural or strong)
• あげく — after doing ~ (in the end), usually with a negative result
• 際さいに — at the time of / when ~ occurs
• あまり — due to excessive ~ (leading to an extreme result)
• 優勝ゆうしょう — winning a championship
• 県大会けんたいかい — prefectural tournament

とのことです is a polite hearsay/reporting expression: 'I was told that ~.' '至急連絡がほしいとのことです' = 'He said he would like you to contact him urgently.' Yamashita is relaying the message from Kimura, so this is the correct reporting form.

• 1までです means 'that is all / just ~,' which would imply the request is trivial or limited, not appropriate for relaying a message.
• 2とします means 'let us assume that ~,' used for hypothetical assumptions, not for reporting someone's words.
• 4ことになります means 'it has been decided that ~,' used for decisions or arrangements, not for relaying a message.

• とのことです — I was told that ~ / (he) said that ~ (polite hearsay/reporting)
• までです — that is all / just ~
• とします — let us assume that ~
• ことになります — it has been decided that ~
• 至急しきゅう — urgent / urgently
• 連絡れんらく — contact / communication

The correct order is: これまでのどの時計にも[4.全く新しい][★=2.デザインに][1.なっている]そうで。The sentence means 'I hear the new watch from Company X has a completely new design unlike any watch before, and I'm very much looking forward to it.' Here, そうだ is the hearsay auxiliary (伝聞), attaching to the plain form なっている. The phrase 全く新しいデザインになっている modifies what is reported: 'it has become a completely new design.'

• 1なっている must come after デザインに (design に なる = become a design), not before it. Placing it first breaks the verb phrase.
• 3なかった belongs with どの時計にも～ない (unlike any watch), forming the comparison 'unlike any watch so far.' It must come before 全く新しい.
• 4全く新しい modifies デザイン (completely new design), so it must come before デザインに, not after なっている.

• 全く新しい（まったくあたらしい） — completely new
• デザイン（でざいん） — design
• 〜そうだ（伝聞）（〜そうだ（でんぶん）） — I hear that... / It is said that... (hearsay)

The correct order is: 姉の[2.ように][3.10年以上一日も][★=1.欠かさず][4.日記を書くなんて]、私にはとてもできない。The sentence means 'Writing a diary every single day for over 10 years without fail, like my sister—I could never do that.' 姉のように (like my sister) sets up the comparison, 10年以上一日も (for over 10 years, not a single day...) pairs with 欠かさず (without fail) to mean 'without missing a single day for over 10 years,' and 日記を書くなんて (writing a diary) is the action being described as impossible for the speaker.

• 2ように must come right after 姉の to form 姉のように (like my sister). It cannot appear in the ★ position (third slot).
• 310年以上一日も pairs with 欠かさず to mean 'not missing a single day for over 10 years.' It must precede 欠かさず.
• 4日記を書くなんて is the final chunk before the comma, expressing the action the speaker finds impossible. It must come last, not in the ★ position.

• 欠かかさず — without fail, never missing (from 欠かす)
• 〜なんて — things like... (expresses surprise/disbelief about the action)

The correct order is: 朝、開花したときには[1.花が][2.真っ白だった][★=4.夕方が近づくにつれて][3.次第にピンクへと変化していく]珍しい花があります。The sentence means 'There is a rare flower that is pure white when it blooms in the morning, but gradually changes to pink as evening approaches.' Two relative clauses modify 珍しい花: '花が真っ白だった' (was pure white) describes the initial state, and '夕方が近づくにつれて次第にピンクへと変化していく' (gradually changes to pink as evening approaches) describes the transformation. These juxtaposed clauses together describe the flower.

• 1花が must come first, right after 朝、開花したときには, to establish the subject of the first clause (花が真っ白だった).
• 2真っ白だった follows 花が to form the clause 'the flower was pure white.' It cannot appear in the ★ position.
• 3次第にピンクへと変化していく is the final chunk, completing the second relative clause that modifies 珍しい花. It must come last.

• 開花かいかする — to bloom, to open (of flowers)
• 真っ白（まっしろ） — pure white
• 夕方ゆうがた — evening
• 〜につれて — as... (change occurs proportionally)
• 次第しだいに — gradually, little by little

The correct order is: 部下にもう一度1.書き直させるより[4.自分でやってしまったほうが][★=3.早いと思って][2.つい自分で直してしまうことも]多い。The sentence means 'When there's a mistake in a document my subordinate made, thinking it's faster to do it myself rather than have them rewrite it, I often end up fixing it myself.' The structure is: AよりBのほうが早い (B is faster than A) → 書き直させるより自分でやってしまったほうが早い (doing it myself is faster than making them rewrite). 早いと思って (thinking it's faster) connects to つい自分で直してしまうことも多い (I often end up fixing it myself).

• 1書き直させるより must come first, right after 部下にもう一度, to form 'rather than having them rewrite it.' It sets up the comparison.
• 2つい自分で直してしまうことも多い is the final clause, completing the sentence with 'I often end up fixing it myself.' It must come last.
• 4自分でやってしまったほうが pairs with 書き直させるより to form the comparison 'doing it myself is faster than making them rewrite.' It must come before 早いと思って.

• 書き直させる（かきなおさせる） — make (someone) rewrite (causative of 書き直す)
• 〜より〜のほうが — ...is more... than... (comparison)
• つい — unintentionally, inadvertently (doing something one shouldn't)
• 〜ことも多い（〜こともおおい） — there are also many times when... / often

The correct order is: 友人に[2.どうしても][4.と頼まれて][★=3.引き受けた][1.塾講師の仕事だった]が、やってみたら意外に面白くて…。The sentence means 'It was a cram-school teaching job that I accepted after a friend begged me, saying they really needed me to, but when I tried it, it was surprisingly interesting...' どうしてもと頼まれて (being begged 'please, no matter what') modifies 引き受けた (accepted), and together they form a relative clause modifying 塾講師の仕事だった (it was a cram-school teaching job). The が at the end is the conjunction 'but.'

• 1塾講師の仕事だった is the final chunk, completing the noun phrase 'it was a cram-school teaching job.' It must come last, right before が.
• 2どうしても must come right after 友人に, forming 友人にどうしてもと頼まれて (being begged by a friend 'please, I really need you to').
• 4と頼まれて follows どうしても to form the quoted request どうしてもと頼まれて. It must come before 引き受けた, not in the ★ position.

• どうしても — no matter what, absolutely (used when begging/insisting)
• 頼たのむ — to ask, to request, to beg
• 引き受ける（ひきうける） — to accept (a request, job, etc.)
• 塾講師じゅくこうし — cram-school teacher/instructor