N2 Grammar · Test 39

The correct option is 4 (の). The full sentence is: 「彼がそんなことをする人間でないことは、あなたがいちばんご存じのはずだ。」(You should know best that he is not the kind of person who would do such a thing.) The order is 3→2→★(4)→1. The ★ falls on の (option 4), which is the particle linking ご存じ to はず: ご存じのはずだ (should know).

• 1はず (option 1) belongs in the fourth slot: はずだ (should be the case). It comes after の, not at ★.
• 2ご存じ (option 2) belongs in the second slot: あなたがいちばんご存じ (you know best). It is the respectful form of 知っている and must come after いちばん.
• 3いちばん (option 3) belongs in the first slot: あなたがいちばん (you are the one who most ~). It modifies ご存じ and must come before it.

• ご存じ（ごぞんじ） — to know (respectful/honorific form of 知る, used toward the listener)
• 〜はずだ — should be the case, is expected to be
• 人間にんげんでない — is not the kind of person who would ~

The correct option is 4 (願う). The full sentence is: 「田中監督が選手たちに厳しくするのは、一度は優勝を経験させたいと願うからこそだ。」(The reason Coach Tanaka is strict with the players is precisely because he wishes to have them experience winning a championship at least once.) The order is 2→1→★(4)→3. The ★ falls on 願う (option 4), which is the main verb of the quoted desire: 経験させたいと願う (wishes to let them experience).

• 1と (option 1) belongs in the second slot, marking the quotation: 経験させたいと (that (he) wants to have them experience). It must come after 経験させたい.
• 2経験させたい (option 2) belongs in the first slot: 優勝を経験させたい (want to have them experience winning). It is the causative-tai form and starts the clause after 優勝を.
• 3からこそ (option 3) belongs in the fourth slot: 願うからこそだ (precisely because he wishes). It emphasizes the reason and must come after 願う.

• 厳きびしくする — to be strict with
• 優勝ゆうしょう — championship, winning first place
• 経験けいけんさせる — to let/make someone experience (causative form of 経験する)
• 〜と願う（〜とねがう） — to wish/desire that ~
• 〜からこそ — precisely because ~ (emphasizes the reason)

「〜といった」means 'such as ~ / ~ like', used to give examples of a category. The sentence says: 'This doll says simple words such as "hello" and "goodbye."' The pattern 「AといったB」means 'B such as A'.

• 1「〜ほどの」means '~ degree of ~ / as ~ as', used for degree comparisons. It doesn't list examples.
• 2「〜ばかりの」means 'only ~ / nothing but ~', suggesting exclusivity. It would imply the doll only says those words and nothing else, which doesn't match the nuance of giving examples.
• 3「〜にのぼる」means 'reaches ~ / amounts to ~' (e.g., 数にのぼる), used for quantities or scale. It doesn't fit listing example words.

• 人形にんぎょう — doll
• 簡単かんたん — simple, easy
• 言葉ことば — word(s), language

「〜につき」means 'per ~ / for each ~', used to express a rate or unit. The sentence says: 'For the part-time job, during the day it's 800 yen per hour, but late at night it's 1000 yen.' 「一時間につき」= 'per one hour'.

• 1「〜につけ」means 'whenever ~ / every time ~', expressing that something happens or is felt each time a certain condition occurs (e.g., 見るにつけ). It doesn't express a rate.
• 3「〜にとり」is not a standard grammar pattern. It may resemble 「〜にとって」(for ~ / from the perspective of) but is incorrect here.
• 4「〜により」means 'by means of ~ / depending on ~', expressing method or cause. It doesn't express 'per unit' rate.

• アルバイト（あるばいと） — part-time job
• 深夜しんや — late night
• につき — per ~ / for each ~

のに here means 'in order to' (目的), not its more common 'even though' (逆接) sense. The sentence means: 'In order to apply for a passport, you need to prepare various documents and photos.' The pattern V-辞書形 + のに expresses purpose, similar to のために but slightly more colloquial.

• 2のため lacks the particle に. To express purpose you need のために; のため alone cannot connect the clauses properly here.
• 3だから means 'therefore,' which would reverse the logical relationship — it would imply the documents are needed *because* of the application rather than *in order to* apply.
• 4だったら means 'if,' which does not fit the purpose relationship needed here.

• 申請しんせいする — to apply (for)
• 用意よういする — to prepare
• のに — in order to (purpose usage); even though (concessive usage)

The correct answer is 4 because the grammar pattern being tested is the V-ます stem + ながら, which means 'while doing~' or 'doing~ despite~'. In this sentence, the V-ます stem of 知る is 知り, making 知りながら ('while knowing'). The sentence means 'That executive was selling the products while knowing they were defective.'

• 1ながら attaches directly to the V-ます stem of a verb, not to the V-ている form. Therefore, 知っているながら is grammatically incorrect.
• 2ながら cannot be attached to the negative plain form of a verb. 知らないながら is grammatically incorrect.
• 3ながら cannot be attached to the volitional form of a verb. 知ろうながら is grammatically incorrect.

• 不良品ふりょうひん — defective product, faulty goods
• 経営者けいえいしゃ — manager, executive, business operator
• 製品せいひん — manufactured product
• 販売はんばいする — to sell
• 知しる — to know
• 〜ながら — while doing~ / doing~ despite~ (attaches to the V-ます stem)

The pattern 〜ば〜ほど means 'the more... the more...' The full phrase is 考えれば考えるほど, 'the more I think about it.' The sentence means: 'The more I think about this problem, the more confused my mind becomes.' The ば-form of 考える is 考えれば, which is what fills the first blank.

• 2考えて does not create the 〜ば〜ほど structure; you need the ば-form before ほど.
• 3考えた is the past tense, which does not fit the 〜ば〜ほど pattern.
• 4考え alone (the ます-stem) does not form the ば-conditional needed before ほど.

• 〜ば〜ほど — the more... the more...
• 混乱こんらんする — to be confused / to be in chaos