N3 Vocabulary · Test 33

建設（けんせつ）means 'construction' and is used for large-scale structures like airports, bridges, dams, or buildings. Option 3 says 'A new airport is planned to be constructed here,' which is a perfect usage.

• 1A bookshelf (本棚) is a small household item; you would use 作る or 組み立てる, not 建設.
• 2A bench (ベンチ) is too small to be the object of 建設; you would use 設置する or 置く.
• 4Ships are built, but the correct verb is 建造（けんぞう）する, not 建設する.

• 建設けんせつ — construction (of large structures such as buildings, roads, airports)
• 建造けんぞう — building (ships, large vessels)

身につける means 'to acquire/master (a skill, ability, or knowledge) through study or training.' Option 3 says 'I want to acquire various skills at a vocational school and join a good company,' which is the correct usage.

• 1希望（hope/aspiration）is not something you acquire through training; you would use 抱く or 持つ.
• 2尊敬（respect）is given by others, not acquired by oneself. You would use 得る or 集める.
• 4Memorizing faces and names uses 覚える, not 身につける. 身につける implies mastering a skill, not memorizing information.

• 身みにつける — to acquire/master a skill, ability, or knowledge; also 'to wear (clothing/accessories)'

発生（はっせい）means 'to occur/arise/be generated' and is used for natural phenomena, accidents, gases, or incidents. Option 1 says 'Mixing these two detergents generates dangerous gas,' which is correct.

• 2People (研究者) do not 'occur' or 'arise' from a university. You would use 輩出（はいしゅつ）する or 卒業する.
• 3Shops (店) do not 'occur'; they open or are built. You would use できる or 建てられる.
• 4Flowers do not 'occur'; they bloom. You would use 咲く（さく）.

• 発生はっせい — to occur, arise, be generated (used for phenomena, incidents, gases, etc.)

握る（にぎる）means 'to grasp/grip something tightly with one's hand(s).' Option 2 says 'Because I was gripping the rope tightly, my hands turned red,' which is the correct usage.

• 1Tying a bag shut with string is 縛る（しばる）, not 握る. 握る means to grip with the hand, not to tie.
• 3This sentence implies difficulty in eating with chopsticks, but 握る is not used for manipulating chopsticks. The intended word might be 食べにくい directly.
• 4Clipping papers together uses とめる or はさむ, not 握る. A clip holds things; you do not 'grip' papers with a clip.

• 握にぎる — to grasp, grip, or clutch something with the hand(s)
• 縛しばる — to tie, bind

だるい means 'sluggish, heavy, lethargic' and describes a physical feeling of bodily fatigue or weakness, often accompanying a fever or illness. Option 3 says 'I had a fever since morning and my body felt sluggish, so I took the day off work,' which is the correct usage.

• 1Disappointment about a concert cancellation is an emotional feeling; you would use がっかりした or 残念だった, not だるい.
• 2The sky (空) cannot be described as だるい, which is a bodily sensation. The intended word might be 暗そう (looks dark).
• 4A room (部屋) cannot be だるい. If the room felt stuffy, you would use むしゅい or くさい.

• だるい — sluggish, heavy, lethargic (physical bodily fatigue, often with fever/illness)

生える is read はえる, so the past tense 生えた is はえた. It means 'to grow' (of plants). The sentence says 'Pretty flowers were blooming on the grass that grew in the garden.'

• 2せいえた is not a valid reading. The on'yomi of 生 is セイ, but you cannot attach えた to it here.
• 3しょうえた is not a valid reading. しょう is not a reading of 生 in this context.
• 4うえた looks like 植えた (planted), a near-homophone, but the kanji is 生 not 植.

• 生はえる — to grow (plants, hair, teeth)

各地 is read かくち. 各(かく) means 'each/every' and 地(ち) means 'place/land'. The sentence says 'This week there are various festivals in various places (各地).'

• 1かつじ is not a valid reading; it may confuse 各 with a つ sound as in 勝(かつ).
• 2かっち is not a valid reading; it incorrectly inserts a small っ.
• 3かくじ is wrong; 地 is read ち here, not じ.

• 各地かくち — various places, each place
• 各地かくち — various places

貯金 is read ちょきん. 貯(ちょ) means 'save/hoard' and 金(きん) means 'money'. The sentence says 'I don't know how much savings I have.'

• 1だいきん would be 代金 (charge/price), a different word.
• 3げんきん would be 現金 (cash), a different word.
• 4ぜいきん would be 税金 (tax), a different word.

• 貯金ちょきん — savings, saving money

留守 is read るす. It means 'not at home / away from home'. The sentence says 'The house next door seems to be empty (nobody home).'

• 2りゅうす is wrong; 留 is read る here, not りゅう.
• 3るしゅ is wrong; 守 is read す here, not しゅ.
• 4りゅうしゅ is wrong; both kanji have incorrect readings.

• 留守るす — being away from home, absent

浅い is read あさい and means 'shallow'. The sentence says 'Don't you have a slightly shallower plate?'

• 1ふかい is 深い (deep), the opposite of what is asked.
• 2あつい is 厚い (thick) or 熱い (hot), a different word.
• 4うすい is 薄い (thin/light), a related but different adjective.

• 浅あさい — shallow