N3 Vocabulary · Test 34

The reading ばい here means 'times' (as in 'twice as much'). The correct kanji is 倍, which indicates a multiple of a quantity. The sentence means 'The amount of rice exported became double (2倍) that of last year.'

• 1培 is read ばい in compounds like 培養 (ばいよう, 'cultivation'), but it means 'to cultivate/nurture' and is never used for the word meaning '× times.'
• 3増 is read ぞう (as in 増加, ぞうか, 'increase'). It does not match the reading ばい and does not mean 'multiple/times.'
• 4僧 is read そう (as in 僧侶, そうりょ, 'monk/priest'). It is unrelated to the meaning and reading here.

• 倍ばい — times, -fold (indicating a multiple)
• 輸出量ゆしゅつりょう — export volume/amount

ていでん means 'power outage / blackout.' The correct kanji compound is 停電. 停 means 'to stop/halt' and 電 means 'electricity,' so 停電 literally means 'stopped electricity.' The sentence means 'Yesterday evening, there was a power outage around here.'

• 1止電 is not a real word. 止 (とどまる/とめる) can mean 'stop,' but the standard compound for 'power outage' uses 停, not 止.
• 2落電 is not a standard word. 落 (おちる) means 'to fall/drop'; while 落ちる is used in 電気が落ちる colloquially, the noun form is 停電, not 落電.
• 4閉電 is not a real word. 閉 (とじる/しめる) means 'to close,' but it is not used in the compound for 'power outage.'

The word つつむ means 'to wrap (something).' The correct kanji is 包む, so the て-form is 包んで. The sentence means 'Please wrap it right away.'

• 1呼んで is read よんで, the て-form of 呼ぶ ('to call'). It does not match the reading つつんで.
• 2結んで is read むすんで, the て-form of 結ぶ ('to tie/bind'). It does not match the reading つつんで.
• 3運んで is read はこんで, the て-form of 運ぶ ('to carry/transport'). It does not match the reading つつんで.

• 包つつむ — to wrap (in paper, cloth, etc.)
• 呼よぶ — to call
• 結むすぶ — to tie, to bind
• 運はこぶ — to carry, to transport

The word どくしん means 'single / unmarried.' The correct kanji compound is 独身. The sentence means 'Tanaka-san is single.'

• 2単身 is read たんしん, not どくしん. It means 'by oneself / alone' and is used in contexts like 単身赴任 (being transferred alone). The reading does not match.
• 3独者 is not a real word. While 独 carries the reading どく, 者 is not the correct second kanji for どくしん.
• 4単者 is not a real word. Neither the reading nor the compound is valid.

• 独身どくしん — single, unmarried
• 単身たんしん — by oneself, alone (e.g., 単身赴任)

The word かす here means 'to lend (something to someone).' The correct kanji is 貸す, so the て-form is 貸して. The sentence means 'Please lend me this book.'

• 1措して is read さして and comes from 措する ('to set aside / to take measures'). It does not match the reading かして.
• 2借して uses the kanji 借る ('to borrow'), but 借る is read かる, not かす. The correct kanji for 'to lend' is 貸す, not 借る.
• 3貨して uses 貨 ('goods, cargo'), which is read か but is not a verb meaning 'to lend.' 貨する is not a valid word.

• 貸かす — to lend (something to someone)
• 借かる — to borrow (something from someone)
• 措さする — to set aside, to take measures

調子（ちょうし） means 'condition' or 'state.' The phrase 'のどの調子が悪い' (one's throat is in bad condition) is a very common collocation used when you have a sore throat from a cold. 調子 is used with body parts or physical conditions to describe how well they are functioning.

• 1気分（きぶん） means 'mood' or 'feeling.' You might say 気分が悪い (feel sick/unwell generally), but you would not say のどの気分が悪い — 気分 does not collocate with a specific body part like のど.
• 3事情（じじょう） means 'circumstances' or 'situation.' のどの事情が悪い is not a natural expression; 事情 refers to background circumstances, not a physical condition.
• 4都合（つごう） means 'convenience' or 'circumstances (scheduling).' のどの都合が悪い is not a natural expression; 都合 is used for scheduling or situational convenience, not physical condition.

• 調子ちょうし — condition, state (of health/body)
• 気分きぶん — mood, feeling
• 事情じじょう — circumstances, situation
• 都合つごう — convenience, circumstances

ゆるい means 'loose' or 'not tight.' The sentence says the pants are loose, so the person wants a smaller size — this makes perfect sense. If clothing is too loose, you ask for a smaller size.

• 1きつい means 'tight.' If the pants were tight, you would ask for a larger size, not a smaller one — the opposite of what the sentence says.
• 2だるい means 'sluggish' or 'heavy/languid,' typically describing how your body feels when sick or tired. It is not used to describe clothing fit.
• 4苦しい（くるしい） means 'painful' or 'stifling.' While it can describe tight clothing metaphorically, if the pants were too tight you would want a larger size, not a smaller one.

• ゆるい — loose, not tight
• きつい — tight, strict
• だるい — sluggish, languid
• 苦くるしい — painful, stifling

経つ（たちます） means 'to pass (of time).' もう3年立ちました means 'three years have already passed.' This is the standard verb for the passage of time: 3年経つ, 5分経つ, etc.

• 1移りました（うつりました） from 移る means 'to move/transfer (to a new place).' You could say 日本に移りました (moved to Japan), but it does not take a duration like もう3年 — you cannot say 3年移りました to mean time passed.
• 2かかりました from かかる means 'to take (time).' While it relates to time, it describes how long something takes (e.g., 3年かかった = it took 3 years), not the simple passage of time. The sentence structure does not fit.
• 3通りました（とおりました） from 通る means 'to pass through' (a place, a road, an exam). It does not describe the passage of time in this construction.

• 経たつ — to pass (of time)
• 移うつる — to move, to transfer
• かかる — to take (time/money)
• 通とおる — to pass through

突然（とつぜん） means 'suddenly' or 'all of a sudden.' The sentence describes good weather that suddenly changed to rain — 突然雨が降ってきた (it suddenly started raining) fits perfectly. 突然 describes an unexpected, abrupt change in a situation.

• 2早めに（はやめに） means 'ahead of time' or 'a little early,' implying deliberate early action. Weather does not rain 'ahead of time' — this implies intention or planning, which does not fit natural phenomena.
• 3さっそく means 'immediately' or 'right away,' typically used when someone does something promptly after an event (e.g., 買ってさっそく使った). It implies a quick, often intentional response, not an unexpected natural change.
• 4急いで（いそいで） means 'in a hurry' or 'hurriedly,' describing how a person acts. Rain does not fall 'in a hurry' — this describes human behavior, not weather.

• 突然とつぜん — suddenly, all of a sudden
• 早はやめに — ahead of time, a little early
• さっそく — immediately, right away
• 急いそいで — in a hurry, hurriedly

物価（ぶっか） means 'prices (of goods)' or 'cost of living.' 物価が高い (prices are high) is the standard collocation, and it directly explains why 生活が大変 (life is hard/difficult). When prices are high, daily life becomes financially tough.

• 1経済（けいざい） means 'economy' (as a system or field). You can say 経済が悪い (the economy is bad), but 経済が高い is not a natural collocation — you do not say an economy is 'high.'
• 3消費（しょうひ） means 'consumption.' 消費が高い is not a standard expression; consumption can be high or low, but it does not directly explain why life is hard in the way prices do.
• 4支出（ししゅつ） means 'expenditure' or 'spending.' While 支出が多い (spending is high) is possible, 支出が高い is less natural, and the more standard expression for 'cost of living is high' uses 物価.

• 物価ぶっか — prices (of goods), cost of living
• 経済けいざい — economy
• 消費しょうひ — consumption
• 支出ししゅつ — expenditure, spending