N3 Vocabulary · Test 63

許して (ゆるして) is the て-form of 許す (ゆるす), meaning 'to forgive, to pardon.' The sentence says: 'I lost the book I borrowed from my father, so I apologized, and he immediately forgave me.' 「許してくれた」(forgave me / did me the favor of forgiving) fits perfectly.

• 1従って (したがって) is the て-form of 従う (したがう), meaning 'to obey, to follow (rules/orders)' — you obey a person's orders, but you don't 'obey' someone who apologizes; the context calls for forgiveness, not obedience.
• 2守って (まもって) is the て-form of 守る (まもる), meaning 'to protect, to defend, to keep (a promise)' — 'protected me' doesn't make sense as a response to an apology for losing a book.
• 4抑えて (おさえて) is the て-form of 抑える (おさえる), meaning 'to suppress, to hold down, to restrain' — 'suppressed me' is nonsensical in this context.

• 許ゆるす — to forgive, to pardon
• 従したがう — to obey, to follow
• 守まもる — to protect, to keep (a promise)
• 抑おさえる — to suppress, to hold down, to restrain
• 謝あやまる — to apologize

姿勢 (しせい) means 'posture' or 'position of the body.' The sentence says 'I stayed in the same posture in front of the computer for a long time, so my body hurts.' 姿勢 is the natural word here — 同じ姿勢でいる (stay in the same posture) is a common collocation, and staying in one posture causes physical pain.

• 1様子 (ようす) means 'state, condition, appearance.' You cannot 'stay in the same ようすでいる' — ようす describes a situation or how things look, not a physical posture.
• 3印象 (いんしょう) means 'impression.' This is a mental/subjective concept; you cannot physically 'stay in the same impression.'
• 4間隔 (かんかく) means 'interval, gap, spacing.' This refers to distance or time between things, not a bodily position.

• 姿勢しせい — posture, body position
• 様子ようす — state, condition, appearance
• 印象いんしょう — impression
• 間隔かんかく — interval, gap, spacing

たしかめて (確かめて) is the te-form of 確かめる, meaning 'to check, to verify, to make sure.' The sentence means 'I carefully checked that there were no mistakes on the application form, then submitted it to the reception desk.' 確かめる is the correct verb for verifying that something has no errors.

• 1くりかえして (繰り返して) means 'repeating.' Repeating the form doesn't make sense in context — you check it, not repeat it.
• 2気にして means 'to worry about, to be bothered by.' This implies anxiety or concern, not the act of verifying correctness.
• 3見つめて (見つめて) means 'to stare at, to gaze at.' Simply staring at the form does not convey the act of checking for mistakes.

• 確たしかめる — to check, to verify, to make sure
• 繰り返す（くりかえす） — to repeat
• 見みつめる — to stare at, to gaze at

農業 (のうぎょう) means 'agriculture, farming.' The sentence means 'In my hometown, agriculture is flourishing, and they produce a lot of rice and vegetables.' 農業が盛んで (agriculture is thriving) is a very common collocation, and the mention of growing rice and vegetables directly supports this choice.

• 1自然 (しぜん) means 'nature.' 自然が盛んで is not a meaningful collocation — nature itself doesn't 'flourish' in this grammatical pattern.
• 2資源 (しげん) means 'resources.' While a region can have resources, 資源が盛んで is not natural Japanese, and growing rice/vegetables is about farming, not resource extraction.
• 3作物 (さくもつ) means 'crops, harvest.' 作物が盛んで is not a standard collocation; one would say 作物が豊作だ (crops are abundant) instead. The activity that 'flourishes' is 農業, not the crops themselves.

• 農業のうぎょう — agriculture, farming
• 自然しぜん — nature
• 資源しげん — resources
• 作物さくもつ — crops, harvest
• 盛さかん — flourishing, thriving, prosperous

しずんで (沈んで) is the te-form of 沈む, meaning 'to sink.' The sentence means 'The tree leaves that were floating on the water, after a while, sank into the water.' 沈む is the correct verb for objects descending below a liquid's surface.

• 2ころんで (転んで) means 'to fall down, to tumble.' This is used for people or objects losing balance and falling on a surface, not for things sinking in water.
• 3たおれて (倒れて) means 'to collapse, to fall over.' This is used for standing things (buildings, people, trees) toppling, not for leaves sinking in water.
• 4おぼれて (溺れて) means 'to drown.' This verb is used for living beings (people, animals) perishing in water, not for inanimate objects like leaves.

• 沈しずむ — to sink (in water/liquid)
• 転ころぶ — to fall down, to tumble
• 倒たおれる — to collapse, to fall over
• 溺おぼれる — to drown

「平均」は「へいきん」と読みます。「平(へい)」＋「均(きん)」の音読みで、「平均1時間」のように時間の平均を表す文脈に合います。

• 1「へんきん」は「返金」の読みで、お金を返す意味で文脈に合いません。
• 3「へんやく」は「翻訳」の読みで、言語を訳す意味で不適です。
• 4「へいやく」は存在しない読み方で、「平」は正しくても「均」を「やく」と誤読しています。

• 平均へいきん — average
• 毎日まいにち — every day
• 勉強べんきょうする — to study

The correct reading for 支給 is しきゅう (shikyū). 支 is read as し (shi) and 給 is read as きゅう (kyū). The word means to pay out or provide an allowance/stipend, which fits the context of the school providing a scholarship (奨学金) to international students.

• 1しごう is incorrect. While 支 can be read as し, 給 is not read as ごう in this word.
• 2じきゅう is incorrect. While 給 is correctly read as きゅう, 支 is not read as じ in this context.
• 3じごう is incorrect. Neither 支 (じ) nor 給 (ごう) take these readings in this word.

• 支給しきゅう — payment, provision, allowance
• 奨学金しょうがくきん — scholarship, student grant

The correct reading for 表した is あらわした (arawashita), the past tense of 表す (あらわす), which means to show, express, or represent. In this context, it means the graph (or glass, likely a typo for graph) represents the monthly amount of rain.

• 2しめした is the past tense of 示す (しめす), which means to indicate or show. While it is a near-synonym, the kanji in the text is 表, not 示.
• 3さした is the past tense of 指す (さす), which means to point or point at. The kanji in the text is 表, not 指.
• 4うつした is the past tense of 写す (うつす) or 映す (うつす), which mean to copy or reflect. The kanji in the text is 表, not 写/映.

• 表あらわす — to show, express, represent
• 量りょう — amount, quantity