N3 Vocabulary · Test 61

「じょうしゃ」is 乗車（じょうしゃ）, meaning 'boarding (a vehicle).' The sentence asks people to board in order. 乗車 is the correct compound: 乗（じょう, to ride/board）+ 車（しゃ, vehicle）.

• 1下車: 下車（げしゃ）means 'getting off (a vehicle).' The reading is げしゃ, not じょうしゃ, and the meaning is the opposite.
• 3降車: 降車（こうしゃ）means 'getting off (a vehicle).' The reading is こうしゃ, not じょうしゃ.
• 4上車: 上車 is not a standard Japanese word (it is Chinese for 'to board'). The reading does not match じょうしゃ in Japanese.

• 乗車じょうしゃ — boarding a vehicle (する)
• 下車げしゃ — getting off a vehicle
• 降車こうしゃ — getting off a vehicle

流行している (prevalent, going around, in fashion) fits perfectly: 風邪が流行しているようで means 'it seems a cold is going around.' This collocation — 風邪が流行している — is the standard way to say a cold/cold season is spreading, and it explains why many students are absent from school.

• 1派手な (flashy, showy) describes appearance or style, not something that spreads like an illness — '風邪が派手な' is unnatural.
• 2活動している (is active/operating) is not used for illnesses spreading — '風邪が活動している' is not a natural collocation.
• 3盛んな (flourishing, prosperous, active) is used for activities, events, or enthusiasm (e.g., 貿易が盛ん), not for illnesses spreading.

• 流行りゅうこうしている — prevalent, going around (of a disease or trend)
• 派手はでな — flashy, showy
• 活動かつどうしている — is active, is operating
• 盛さかんな — flourishing, prosperous, active

断った（ことわった）means 'to decline/refuse.' The context is: a friend invited the speaker to go see a movie, but the speaker was busy, so they declined the invitation. 断る is the standard verb used when refusing an invitation or offer.

• 2取り消した（とりけした）means 'to cancel' (a plan, reservation, contract, etc.). You don't 'cancel' someone else's invitation — you decline it. This word is used when you yourself withdraw something you had arranged.
• 3否定した（ひていした）means 'to deny' (a fact, accusation, or statement). It is not used for turning down an invitation.
• 4禁止した（きんしした）means 'to prohibit/ban.' This is completely out of place — you don't 'prohibit' a friend's invitation.

• 誘さそう — to invite
• 断ことわる — to decline, to refuse (an invitation/offer)
• 取り消す（とりけす） — to cancel, to withdraw
• 否定ひていする — to deny
• 禁止きんしする — to prohibit, to ban

おしかった（惜しかった）means 'regrettable' or 'so close (that it's a shame).' The sentence describes almost winning a championship but losing by just one point — a classic situation where Japanese people say 惜しかった ('it was so close / what a shame').

• 1こわかった（怖かった）means 'was scary/frightening.' Losing a game by one point is disappointing, not scary.
• 2くさかった（臭かった）means 'smelled bad.' This is unrelated to the context of a close loss.
• 3まずしかった（貧しかった）means 'was poor/destitute.' This describes financial poverty, not the feeling of narrowly missing victory.

• 惜おしい — regrettable; so close (that it's a shame)
• 優勝ゆうしょう — championship, winning first place
• 1点差（いってんさ） — by a margin of one point
• 怖こわい — scary, frightening
• 臭くさい — smelly, stinking
• 貧まずしい — poor, destitute

傷（きず）means 'wound, cut, scrape, injury.' The sentence says: 'I fell down earlier and got a (wound) on my leg, so I applied medicine to it.' You apply medicine to a 傷, making this the natural choice.

• 1欠点（けってん）means 'shortcoming, flaw, defect.' This is used for personality or product flaws, not a physical injury on your leg.
• 2汚れ（よごれ）means 'dirt, stain.' You don't get a 'stain' on your leg from falling, and you don't apply medicine to dirt.
• 4故障（こしょう）means 'breakdown, malfunction' (of machines/devices). It is never used for a human body injury.

• 転ころぶ — to fall down
• 傷きず — wound, cut, scrape
• 薬を塗る（くすりをぬる） — to apply medicine
• 欠点けってん — shortcoming, flaw, defect
• 汚よごれ — dirt, stain
• 故障こしょう — breakdown, malfunction (of machines)

頼って（たよって）is the te-form of 頼る（たよる）, 'to rely on / depend on.' The sentence means: 'This country has no resources like oil, so it relies on imports from other countries.' 輸入に頼っている ('depending on imports') is a very common collocation.

• 1預けて（あずけて）is the te-form of 預ける（あずける）, 'to deposit, to entrust (something to someone).' You don't 'deposit' imports.
• 3願って（ねがって）is the te-form of 願う（ねがう）, 'to wish, to pray, to request.' 'Wishing on imports' is not a meaningful expression.
• 4尋ねて（たずねて）is the te-form of 尋ねる（たずねる）, 'to visit, to inquire, to ask.' This does not collocate with 輸入に in this context.

• 資源しげん — resources (natural)
• 輸入ゆにゅう — import(s)
• 頼たよる — to rely on, to depend on
• 預あずける — to deposit, to entrust
• 願ねがう — to wish, to request
• 尋たずねる — to visit, to inquire