N4 Grammar · Test 2

The correct answer is 3 (も). The sentence uses the pattern も～も ('both...and...'). 中国語も話せます ('can speak Chinese too') is followed by 英語も話せます ('can also speak English'). The father can speak BOTH languages. The potential form 話せます works with も here because the sentence is listing abilities, not marking a direct object.

• 1を marks a direct object, but the verb is in potential form (話せます). While potential verbs sometimes take が, を is not used with も in this listing pattern.
• 2で indicates means/method ('by means of'), but here the sentence is listing two languages the father can speak, not describing the method of speaking.
• 4が is the particle often used with potential verbs (英語が話せる = 'can speak English'), but the sentence already has 中国語も, so the parallel structure requires も to complete the も～も pattern.

• 話はなせる — can speak (potential form of 話す)
• も～も — both...and... (listing two things)

The correct answer is 4 (で). Here で indicates the material from which something is made: 米で作ったパン ('bread made from rice'). When you want to say what material something is made of/by, the particle で is used with the verb 作る.

• 1に would indicate a destination or target, not the material used. '米に作った' does not make sense.
• 2の would make 米の作ったパン, which is ungrammatical — it would incorrectly try to modify パン with a possessive relationship.
• 3や means 'and' (incomplete list: AやB = 'A and B, among others'), which does not fit here since there is only one material (rice) and no second item.

• 米こめ — rice (uncooked)
• 作つくる — to make, to create
• で (material) — particle indicating material used to make something

The correct answer is 1 (に). The verb 似る (にる, 'to resemble/take after') takes the particle に: Xに似る = 'to resemble X'. 母親に似る means 'resemble the mother'. The full sentence means: 'I heard a story that boys' faces resemble their mothers more than their fathers.'

• 2へ indicates direction of movement ('toward'), but 似る does not take へ. You cannot say 母親へ似る.
• 3も means 'also/too', which would change the meaning to 'also resemble the mother', but the sentence is comparing (より = 'more than'), not adding another item.
• 4を marks a direct object, but 似る is an intransitive verb and does not take を. 母親を似る is ungrammatical.

• 似にる — to resemble, to take after
• 父親ちちおや — father (formal)
• 母親ははおや — mother (formal)
• より — more than (comparison)

The correct answer is 2 (だけ). だけ means 'only'. 食事のときだけだ = 'it's only during meals'. The sentence means: 'My little sister is very talkative. The only time she is quiet is during meals.' だけ works with the copula だ at the end of the sentence.

• 1しか means 'only' but MUST be followed by a negative predicate (しか～ない). Since the sentence ends with the affirmative だ, しか cannot be used here.
• 3は is the topic particle. 食事のときはだ is ungrammatical and does not convey the meaning of 'only'.
• 4の is a connecting particle. 食事のときのだ is ungrammatical and nonsensical in this context.

• おしゃべり — talkative (person); chatty
• だけ — only, just
• しか — only (must be used with a negative verb: しか～ない)

The correct answer is 4 (からは). から indicates the source/giver of something received (もらう takes から). The added は serves as a topic/contrast marker, emphasizing 'From Tanaka (as for what I got from him), I received a watch.' In this dialogue, B is answering A's question about what was received from Tanaka, so からは naturally highlights the source.

• 1からが is not a grammatical combination in this context. が would mark a subject, but から (source) + が does not form a valid pattern here.
• 2からに is not an appropriate combination. に after から would suggest 'from...to...', but there is no destination following, and it does not fit the sentence.
• 3からで would mean 'from...and then...' or 'starting from...', which does not fit the meaning of receiving a gift from someone.

• もらう — to receive (from someone)
• 腕時計うでどけい — wristwatch
• から — from (marks the source/giver with もらう)

The correct sentence is: 今すぐタクシーに乗れば、間に合うかもしれないからタクシーで行こう。 ('If we get in a taxi right now, we might make it in time, so let's go by taxi.') Option 3 (間に合うかもしれないから) goes in the ★ (third) position. The structure is: 今すぐ + [1:タクシーに] + [4:乗れば] + ★[3:間に合うかもしれないから] + [2:タクシーで] + 行こう。 The conditional 〜ば form (乗れば) sets up the condition, and 〜かもしれないから gives the reason for going.

• 1タクシーに (by/into taxi) must come before 乗れば (if (we) get on) to form the condition 'if we take a taxi.' It belongs in the first blank, not the ★ position.
• 2タクシーで (by taxi) is the means of transportation for the final action 行こう (let's go). It belongs in the last blank before 行こう, not the ★ position.
• 4乗れば (if (someone) gets on/rides) is the conditional form of 乗る. It must follow タクシーに to form タクシーに乗れば ('if we get in a taxi'). It belongs in the second blank, not the ★ position.

• 間に合う（まにあう） — to be in time, to make it on time
• 乗のる — to get on, to ride
• 〜かもしれない — might, may (expresses possibility)

The correct sentence is: ちょうど今食べたところなんです。 ('I just finished eating.') Option 2 (ところ) goes in the ★ (third) position. The order is: ちょうど + [4:今] + [3:食べた] + ★[2:ところ] + [1:なん] + です。 The grammar pattern 〜たところ（なん）です means 'just finished doing ~' and is the perfect response to an invitation to eat — Tanaka is explaining he just ate.

• 1なん is part of the pattern 〜ところなんです (an explanatory/noun-connecting form). It belongs in the last blank before です, not the ★ position.
• 3食べた (ate) is the past tense of 食べる. It must come before ところ to form 食べたところ ('just finished eating'). It belongs in the second blank, not the ★ position.
• 4今 (now) pairs with ちょうど to form ちょうど今 ('just now'). It belongs in the first blank, not the ★ position.

• ちょうど — just, exactly
• 〜たところ（なん）です — just finished doing ~ (expresses an action that was completed very recently)

The correct sentence is: あしたは大事なおきゃくさまに会うから、そんな靴ではいけませんよ。 ('Tomorrow I'm meeting an important client, so such shoes won't do.') Option 4 (で) goes in the ★ (fourth) position. The order is: そんな + [3:そんな] + [1:靴] + [2:は] + ★[4:で] + いけませんよ。 Wait — let me restate: [3:そんな] + [1:靴] + [2:は] + ★[4:で] + いけませんよ。 The pattern 〜ではいけません means '~ won't do / ~ is not acceptable.' Here, そんな靴ではいけませんよ means 'such shoes are not acceptable.' B's reply confirms this: he will wear new shoes instead.

• 1靴 (shoes) is the noun being evaluated. It must follow そんな (such) to form そんな靴 ('such shoes'). It belongs in the second blank, not the ★ position.
• 2は is the topic particle. It follows そんな靴で to mark 'such shoes' as the topic: そんな靴では〜. It belongs in the third blank, not the ★ position.
• 3そんな (such, that kind of) modifies 靴 (shoes). It belongs in the first blank, not the ★ position.

• 〜ではいけません — ~ won't do, ~ is not acceptable (used to say something is not suitable/permitted)
• おきゃくさま — guest, client (honorific)

The correct sentence is: 今日は、風が強いし寒そうだから出かけたくない。 ('Today the wind is strong and it looks cold, so I don't want to go out.') Option 3 (寒そう) goes in the ★ (third) position. The order is: 風が + [4:強い] + [1:し] + ★[3:寒そう] + [2:だから] + 出かけたくない。 The pattern 〜し lists reasons: 風が強いし ('the wind is strong, and...') and 寒そうだから ('it looks cold, so...'). 〜そう ('looks like/seems') attaches to the stem of 寒い → 寒そう ('looks cold').

• 1し is the conjunction particle meaning 'and (listing reasons).' It follows 強い to connect two reasons: 風が強いし寒そうだから. It belongs in the second blank, not the ★ position.
• 2だから means 'so, therefore.' It follows the second reason (寒そう) to give the conclusion: 寒そうだから出かけたくない. It belongs in the fourth blank, not the ★ position.
• 4強い (strong) is the adjective describing 風 (wind): 風が強い ('the wind is strong'). It belongs in the first blank, not the ★ position.

• 〜し — and, besides (used to list multiple reasons/characteristics)
• 〜そう（だ） — looks like, seems (attached to an adjective stem to express appearance/conjecture)
• 強つよい — strong

The correct sentence is: もし両親に反対されても、東京で勉強するつもりです。 ('Even if my parents oppose, I plan to study in Tokyo.') Option 3 (東京で勉強) goes in the ★ (third) position. The order is: もし両親に + [1:反対] + [4:されても] + ★[3:東京で勉強] + [2:する] + つもりです。 The pattern 〜（ら）れても means 'even if (someone) does ~ (to me)' (passive + ても). 反対される ('be opposed by') + ても ('even if') = 反対されても ('even if they oppose'). The main clause is 東京で勉強するつもりです ('I plan to study in Tokyo').

• 1反対 (opposition) is the noun stem used with the passive される to form 反対される ('to be opposed'). It belongs in the first blank, not the ★ position.
• 2する is the verb that pairs with 勉強 to form 勉強する ('to study'). It belongs in the fourth blank (after 東京で勉強), not the ★ position.
• 4されても is the passive-conditional form of する, meaning 'even if (they) do (it) to me.' Combined with 反対 it forms 反対されても ('even if they oppose'). It belongs in the second blank, not the ★ position.

• 反対はんたいする — to oppose, to be against
• 〜（ら）れても — even if [someone] does ~ to me (passive form + ても, meaning 'even if subjected to ~')
• つもりです — intend to, plan to (expresses one's intention)