N4 Grammar · Test 59

見えます is the potential form of 見る and means 'can be seen / is visible.' The question asks whether the small characters are visible: 'Can you see those small characters?' The answer confirms: 'Yes, it says <にほん>.' 見えます is used for things that come into view spontaneously, without deliberate effort.

• 2見せます means 'to show (something to someone).' It is a transitive verb where the subject actively shows something. Here the question is about whether the characters are visible, not about showing them.
• 3見ます means 'to look at / to see' and implies a deliberate act of looking. The question is about visibility (whether the small characters can be seen), not about the act of looking at them, so 見えます is the appropriate choice.
• 4見ています is the て-form + いる pattern meaning 'is looking at (now).' This describes an ongoing action of looking, not the ability to see something. The question asks about visibility, not an ongoing action.

• 見みえる — to be visible, can be seen (potential/spontaneous)
• 見みせる — to show (something to someone)
• 見みる — to look at, to see
• 字じ — character, letter
• 書かいてある — is written (state resulting from an action)

休ませて is the causative て-form of 休む (休む → 休ませる → 休ませて). 休ませてください means 'please let me rest / please allow me to take a day off.' The student caught a cold and is asking the teacher for permission to skip class. The causative + てください pattern is the standard way to ask someone to let you do something.

• 1休まれて is the passive て-form of 休む (休む → 休まれる → 休まれて). The passive does not express a request for permission. It would mean something like 'being rested,' which makes no sense with ください here.
• 3休んで is the て-form of 休む. 休んでください means 'please rest,' which would be a request directed at the teacher to rest. But the student is asking the teacher to let the student rest (skip class), so the causative is needed.
• 4休んでみて is 休む in て-form + みる (to try). 休んでみてください would mean 'please try resting.' This does not express a request for permission and is inappropriate in this context.

• 休やすむ — to rest, to take a day off
• 休やすませてください — please let me rest (causative + て + ください)
• 風邪かぜをひく — to catch a cold
• 授業じゅぎょう — class, lesson

ふっても is the て-form of ふる (to fall, for rain) + も, meaning 'even if (it rains).' もし...ても is the pattern for 'even if.' The sentence means: 'Tomorrow is the soccer match. Even if it rains, we will hold the match. Do your best.' もし signals the hypothetical, and 〜ても expresses the concessive conditional ('even if A, B').

• 1ふるのに uses のに, which means 'even though' and expresses a sense of contrast or complaint about an actual situation. It does not pair with もし and does not express a hypothetical 'even if' condition.
• 2ふるので means 'because it rains.' ので expresses reason/cause. The sentence would mean 'Because it rains, we will hold the match,' which is illogical and does not pair with もし.
• 3ふって is the plain て-form of ふる. It connects clauses but does not create the concessive 'even if' meaning needed here. It would read 'it rains, and we hold the match,' which lacks the conditional nuance.

• 降ふる — to fall (rain, snow)
• 〜ても — even if (concessive conditional)
• 試合しあい — match, game
• 頑張がんばる — to do one's best, to work hard

からいよう is からい (spicy) + よう (様, 'it seems'). 〜ようですね expresses an inference based on direct sensory evidence. The person has just tasted the soup (のんでみましょう → tasted it) and concludes: 'Hmm, it seems a bit spicy.' Since the judgment is based on first-hand experience (taste), よう is appropriate.

• 2からいらしい uses らしい, which expresses conjecture based on hearsay or objective evidence from others, not direct personal experience. Since the speaker tasted the soup themselves, らしい is inappropriate.
• 3からいため uses ため, which means 'because of / due to.' It would mean 'because it is spicy,' which does not fit the sentence pattern 〜ですね expressing an impression.
• 4からいそう appears to use the 〜そう conjecture pattern, but for i-adjectives the い is dropped: からそう, not からいそう. Keeping the い makes this form grammatically incorrect for the 〜そう pattern. (Note: からいそう could be parsed as からい + そう = 'seems to be spicy' in a different construction, but this is not the standard 〜そう conjecture form tested at this level.)

• 辛からい — spicy, hot
• 〜ようだ — it seems that (inference based on sensory evidence)
• 〜そうだ — looks like, seems (conjecture based on appearance; i-adjective drops い)
• 〜らしい — seems to be (based on hearsay or typical characteristics)

すると means 'then / thereupon' and is used to describe what happened next as a natural or immediate consequence of the preceding action. The sentence means: 'I opened the door and said, Excuse me. Then, three cats came out.' すると is the standard conjunction for narrating a sequence of events where the second event follows naturally from the first.

• 1では means 'well then / so' and is used for transitioning to a new topic or next step, often in speech or logical progression. It is not used for narrating a sequence of past events.
• 2だから means 'therefore / so' and expresses a logical conclusion or reason. The cats coming out is not a logical conclusion of saying 'excuse me'; it is a sequential event, so だから is inappropriate.
• 4それなのに means 'despite that / even so' and expresses contrast or unexpectedness. There is no contrastive relationship between saying 'excuse me' and cats coming out, so this does not fit.

• すると — then, thereupon (sequential conjunction for narration)
• では — well then (transition marker)
• だから — therefore, so
• それなのに — despite that, even so
• 開あける — to open (a door, etc.)
• 匹ひき — counter for small animals

The correct answer is 1 (開きます・あきます). The subject is ドアが (the door), marked by が as the thing that opens by itself. With intransitive 開きます, the sentence means 'When you press here, the door opens.' The 〜と conditional expresses a natural sequence: press → opens.

• 2開けます (あけます) is the transitive form meaning 'to open (something).' It requires a person to open the door as a direct object (ドアを開ける), but here ドア is marked by が, not を.
• 3開いています (あいています) is the intransitive verb in the 〜ている form, describing a state ('is open'). With 〜と ('when you press'), the sentence needs an event/action verb, not a state description.
• 4開けています (あけています) is the transitive verb in 〜ている form, meaning 'is opening (something).' Wrong for the same transitivity reason as option 2, and also describes an ongoing state rather than a result triggered by pressing.

• 開あく — to open (intransitive; doors, windows open by themselves)
• 開あける — to open (transitive; a person opens something)
• 押おす — to press, to push

The correct answer is 3 (こう). こう is an adverb meaning 'like this / in this way.' It directly modifies the verb やって: こうやって ('do it like this'). The full sentence means 'You play this game like this.'

• 1これ is a pronoun ('this') referring to a thing. It cannot directly modify a verb like やって. You would need これでやって ('do it with this') to use it grammatically.
• 2こちら means 'this way / this direction' or 'this person (polite).' While it can sometimes mean 'this way,' the natural adverb for 'in this manner' is こう, not こちら.
• 4こんな is a pre-noun adjectival ('such / this kind of') that modifies nouns, not verbs. こんなやって is ungrammatical; you would need こんなやり方で ('in this kind of way').

• こう — like this, in this way (adverb)
• 遊あそぶ — to play

The correct answer is 2 (みても). 〜てみる means 'to try doing something.' かぶってみてもいいですか means 'May I try putting it on?' In a store, a customer asking to try on a hat naturally uses this pattern. The clerk replies はい、どうぞ ('Yes, go ahead').

• 1かぶってもいいですか ('May I put it on?') is grammatically fine, but it lacks the nuance of 'trying' something on, which is the natural intention in a store. The 〜てみる pattern (option 2) better captures 'May I try it on?' and is the targeted grammar point.
• 3くれても would give かぶってくれてもいいですか, which means 'Is it okay if you put it on for me?' — the direction of the action is reversed (the customer wants to try it on themselves, not have the clerk do it).
• 4あっても does not form a standard grammar pattern with 〜て. かぶってあってもいいですか is not a natural or grammatical expression.

• 被かぶる — to put on (a hat)
• 〜てみる — to try doing something (to see what happens)
• 〜てもいい — may I...? / it is okay to...

The correct answer is 4 (まま). 〜まま means 'as it is, remaining in that state.' くつをはいたままへやに入ってしまった means 'I entered the room with my shoes still on (without taking them off).' The pattern V-た + まま expresses doing something while the state from a previous action persists.

• 1ばかり means 'just did' (V-た + ばかり = just finished doing). くつをはいたばかり would mean 'just put on my shoes,' which doesn't connect logically to entering the room — the issue is the state of wearing shoes, not the recency of putting them on.
• 2ながら means 'while doing' (simultaneous actions). くつをはきながら would mean 'while putting on shoes,' but you can't be in the act of putting on shoes while entering the room — you're already wearing them.
• 3ほど means 'to the extent that.' くつをはいたほどへやに入る is ungrammatical and nonsensical in this context.

• 〜まま — as it is, remaining in a certain state
• 履はく — to put on (shoes)
• 入はいる — to enter

The correct answer is 3 (よく なる). よくなる is an intransitive expression meaning 'to get better / to improve.' 病気がよくなる means 'the illness gets better / one recovers.' With 〜といいですね ('I hope...'), the sentence means 'I hope your illness gets better soon.'

• 1よくする is transitive, meaning 'to make (something) better / to improve (something).' It requires a person as the subject who improves something. 病気がよくする is ungrammatical because 病気 is the thing that gets better, not the one doing the improving.
• 2いいにする is not a standard Japanese expression. いい is an i-adjective and cannot directly take にする in this way.
• 4いいになる is also ungrammatical. いい (i-adjective) cannot connect to になる directly; the adverbial form よく must be used (よくなる).

• 病気びょうき — illness, sickness
• よくなる — to get better, to recover (intransitive)
• 〜といい — I hope... / it would be good if...