N4 Vocabulary · Test 13

せんたく（洗濯）means 'doing the laundry / washing clothes.' Option 4 says 'I washed (did laundry for) my shirt and pants,' which is the correct usage — せんたく is used for washing clothing and similar fabric items.

• 1シャンプーで髪を洗う is 'washing hair with shampoo,' not せんたく. Washing hair is あらう or シャンプーする, not laundry.
• 2へやをきれいにする is 'cleaning the room,' which is そうじ（掃除）, not せんたく.
• 3はをきれいにする is 'brushing teeth,' which is はをみがく, not せんたく.

• せんたく（洗濯） — doing the laundry; washing clothes
• そうじ（掃除） — cleaning
• みがく — to brush/polish (e.g., teeth)

こむ（込む）means 'to be crowded / packed (with people).' Option 4 says 'the morning train is crowded and I can't sit down,' which is the standard usage — 込む is used for trains, places, etc. being full of people.

• 1Eating too much and having a full stomach is described with いっぱい or ぱんぱん, not こむ. 込む is for crowds, not a stuffed stomach.
• 2Characters being hard to read because they are small/dense would use こまかい（細かい）or つぶ（粒）が小さい, not こむ. 込む does not describe font size or density of print.
• 3A suitcase packed full of clothes is described with いっぱい or パンパン, not こむ. 込む is for people crowding a space, not for filling luggage.

• こむ（込む）（こむ） — to be crowded; to be packed (with people)
• いっぱい — full; packed
• こまかい（細かい）（こまかい） — fine; small/detailed

そだてる（育てる）means 'to raise / to grow / to cultivate (living things such as plants, animals, or children).' Option 1 says 'everyone is taking care of and growing the cherry tree,' which is correct — 育てる is used for nurturing plants and living things.

• 2Compiling a report from research materials is まとめる 'to organize/compile' or つくる 'to make,' not そだてる. 育てる is for living things, not documents.
• 3Constructing a new building is たてる（建てる）'to build,' not そだてる（育てる）. These look similar but have completely different meanings.
• 4Improving a dish until it tastes good is described with つくる 'to make/cook' or うまくつくる, not そだてる. 育てる is not used for cooking.

• そだてる（育てる）（そだてる） — to raise; to grow; to cultivate (plants, animals, people)
• たてる（建てる）（たてる） — to build (a building/structure)
• まとめる — to organize; to compile; to put together

ぜひ（是非）means 'by all means; definitely' and is used to express a strong desire, recommendation, or request, typically with 〜てください or 〜たい. Option 1 says 'please definitely read it at least once,' which is the correct usage — ぜひ emphasizes a strong recommendation or request.

• 2Predicting that tomorrow will be sunny uses きっと 'surely' or たぶん 'probably,' not ぜひ. ぜひ is not used for predictions about the future.
• 3Telling someone not to touch something because it's dangerous uses ぜったいに（絶対に）'absolutely (not),' not ぜひ. ぜひ is for positive requests/wishes, not for prohibitions.
• 4Promising to return borrowed money uses きっと 'surely' or ぜったいに（絶対に）'definitely,' not ぜひ. ぜひ expresses the speaker's wish/recommendation, not a simple promise or certainty.

• ぜひ（是非） — by all means; definitely (used for strong wishes, recommendations, or requests)
• きっと — surely; certainly (used for predictions or promises)
• ぜったいに（絶対に）（ぜったいに） — absolutely; definitely (can be used with negative for strong prohibition)

The kanji 石 is read いし, meaning 'stone.' The sentence says 'There was a stone inside my shoe.' Option 1 (いし) is the correct reading.

• 2すな means 'sand' (砂). This is a different word, not the reading of 石.
• 3くさ means 'grass' (草). This is a different word, not the reading of 石.
• 4えだ means 'branch' (枝). This is a different word, not the reading of 石.

• 石いし — stone, rock
• くつ — shoes

The word 経験 is read けいけん, meaning 'experience.' The sentence says 'I had various experiences in Japan.' Option 1 (けいけん) is correct. The kanji 経 has the on'yomi けい and 験 has the on'yomi けん.

• 2けいげん is an incorrect reading — the second kanji 験 is read けん, not げん. This is a deliberate distractor using a similar-sounding syllable.
• 3けけん drops the い from けいけん. The kanji 経 has a two-mora on'yomi けい, so this is wrong.
• 4けげん both drops the い and changes けん to げん. Both modifications make it incorrect.

• 経験けいけん — experience
• いろいろな — various, all kinds of

The word 店員 is read てんいん, meaning 'store clerk / shop assistant.' The sentence says 'I asked the store clerk where the toilet was.' Option 4 (てんいん) is correct. 店 is read てん and 員 is read いん.

• 1てにん uses the wrong reading for 店 — it should be てん, not て. This is a deliberate distractor.
• 2てんにん inserts an extra ん, making it a different (nonexistent) reading. The correct form has a clear break between てん and いん, not てんにん.
• 3ていん uses the wrong reading for 店 — it should be てん, not てい.

• 店員てんいん — store clerk, shop assistant
• トイレ — toilet, restroom

The word 食堂 is read しょくどう, meaning 'cafeteria / dining hall.' The sentence says 'The cafeteria was crowded today.' Option 2 (しょくどう) is correct. 食 is read しょく and 堂 is read どう.

• 1しゅくど uses the wrong reading for both kanji — 食 should be しょく (not しゅく) and 堂 should be どう (not ど).
• 3しょくど is missing the long vowel う at the end. 堂 is read どう, not ど, so the う is essential.
• 4しゅくどう uses the wrong reading for 食 — it should be しょく, not しゅく.

• 食堂しょくどう — cafeteria, dining hall
• こむ — to be crowded (こんでいました = was crowded)

The kanji 港 is read みなと, meaning 'port / harbor.' The sentence says 'You can see the port from this window.' Option 2 (みなと) is correct.

• 1うみ means 'sea' (海). This is a different word, not the reading of 港.
• 3みずうみ means 'lake' (湖). This is a different word, not the reading of 港.
• 4いけ means 'pond' (池). This is a different word, not the reading of 港.

• 港みなと — port, harbor
• まど — window
• 見みえる — to be visible, can be seen