N4 Vocabulary · Test 34

みじかい is written 短い and means 'short (in length/time)'. The sentence says the uncle's neck is thick and short. Option 1 短い is correct.

• 2短るい is an invalid kanji form; the adjective is 短い, not 短るい.
• 3失い（うしない）is the ます-stem of 失う (to lose), a lookalike with a different meaning and reading.
• 4矢い is not a real word; 矢(や) means 'arrow' and cannot form this adjective.

• 短みじかい — short (in length or duration)

かりる means 'to borrow' and is written 借りる. The sentence says 'When borrowing money, it is better to think carefully.' Option 3 借りる is correct.

• 1賃りる is not a valid word; 賃(ちん) relates to 'rent/fare' and is a lookalike distractor.
• 2買いる is not a valid word form; 買う (to buy) does not conjugate to 買りる.
• 4代りる is not a valid word; 代(だい/かわる) relates to 'substitute/price' and is a lookalike distractor.

• 借かりる — to borrow

ふとくて is the て-form of ふとい (太い, thick/fat). The sentence says the uncle's neck is thick and short. Option 2 太くて is correct.

• 1犬くて is not a valid word; 犬(いぬ) means 'dog' and has no て-form adjective.
• 3天くて is not a valid word; 天(てん) means 'sky/heaven' and cannot form this adjective.
• 4丈くて is not a valid word; 丈(じょう/たけ) means 'height/length' and does not produce ふとくて.

• 太ふとい — thick, fat (of objects or body parts)

みじかい is written 短い and means 'short (in length/time)'. The sentence says the uncle's neck is thick and short. Option 1 短い is correct.

• 2短るい is an invalid kanji form; the adjective is 短い, not 短るい.
• 3失い（うしない）is the ます-stem of 失う (to lose), a lookalike with a different meaning and reading.
• 4矢い is not a real word; 矢(や) means 'arrow' and cannot form this adjective.

• 短みじかい — short (in length or duration)

どんどん (dondon) means 'rapidly, steadily, more and more' and describes continuous progression or change over time. Option 3, あかちゃんは どんどん 大きく なります ('A baby grows bigger and bigger / grows rapidly'), is the correct usage: どんどん naturally modifies a verb of gradual change (大きくなる = to grow big), expressing steady, ongoing development.

• 1えいがを 見て どんどん わらいました ('I laughed rapidly while watching a movie') — どんどん does not describe repeated or continuous laughing. Laughing is not a gradual process of change; it is an action. A more natural adverb here would be げらげら (gērageēra, laughing loudly) or たくさん (takusan, a lot).
• 2休みの 日は どんどん ねて います ('On days off I sleep steadily/rapidly') — どんどん does not fit the state of sleeping. Sleeping is not a process that progresses or increases steadily in the way どんどん implies. A natural alternative would be ぐうぐう (gūgū, soundly) or ずっと (zutto, continuously).
• 4オートバイが どんどん はやいです ('A motorcycle is rapidly fast') — どんどん is an adverb that modifies verbs of change/progression, not an adjective like はやい (hayai, fast) used as a simple description. You could say どんどん はやく なります ('becomes faster and faster'), but not どんどん はやいです.

• どんどん — rapidly, steadily, more and more — used for continuous change/progression
• 大おおきくなる — to grow big, to become larger

いただく (itadaku) is the humble (謙譲語 kenjōgo) form of both もらう (morau, 'to receive') and たべる/のむ (taberu / nomu, 'to eat / to drink'). As humble language for receiving, it is used when the speaker receives something from a person of higher social status. Option 3, 先生に じしょを いただきました ('I received a dictionary from my teacher'), is correct: the speaker humbly receives from 先生 (sensei, teacher), a person of higher status, so いただく is appropriate.

• 1子どもから ネクタイを いただきました ('I received a necktie from a child') — A child is of lower status than the speaker, so using humble いただく is inappropriate. You would use the plain もらう (morau) instead: 子どもから ネクタイを もらいました.
• 2父からは とけいを いただきませんでした ('I did not receive a watch from my father') — One's own father is an in-group (内 uchi) family member. When speaking to outsiders, you do not elevate your own family with humble language; you use plain もらう: 父から とけいを もらいませんでした.
• 4あつい うちに スープを いただいて ください ('Please eat the soup while it's hot') — いただく as humble 'eat' can only refer to the speaker's own eating. Here, 〜てください asks someone ELSE to eat, so you cannot use humble language for another person's action. The correct form is 食べてください (tabete kudasai) or 召し上がってください (meshiagatte kudasai, honorific).

• いただく — humble form of もらう (to receive from a superior); also humble form of たべる/のむ (to eat/drink)
• もらう — to receive (plain, used for equals, subordinates, or in-group)
• 先生せんせい — teacher (a person of higher status, appropriate target for humble verbs)