N4 Vocabulary · Test 51

The underlined word 天気予報 is read as てんきよほう, meaning weather forecast. The options test the reading of 予報, which is よほう. 予 is read よ and 報 is read ほう. Option 1 correctly gives よほう.

• 2ようほう inserts an unnecessary long vowel after 予 (よう instead of よ). The kanji 予 is read よ in this compound, not よう.
• 3ようぼう has both an unnecessary long vowel after 予 (よう instead of よ) and a wrong reading for 報 (ぼう instead of ほう).
• 4よぼう is the reading of 予防 (prevention), a different word. While 予 is correctly read as よ, 報 is read ほう here, not ぼう. This is a deliberate distractor using a real but wrong word.

• 天気予報てんきよほう — weather forecast
• 予報よほう — forecast, prediction
• 予防よぼう — prevention

動かないで is the negative te-form of 動く (うごく, 'to move'). The correct reading is うごかないで. The verb stem 動 is read うご (ugo), and the negative form adds かないで.

• 1あるかないで would come from 歩く (あるく, 'to walk'), not 動く. The kanji 動 is never read ある.
• 3なかないで would come from 泣く (なく, 'to cry'), which is an unrelated verb with a different kanji.
• 4はたらかないで would come from 働く (はたらく, 'to work'), a different kanji/verb entirely.

• 動うごく — to move
• 動うごかないで — please don't move (negative te-form + ください)

世話 is read せわ (sewa), meaning 'care' or 'looking after (someone/something).' The compound uses the on-reading せ for 世 and the on-reading わ for 話, giving せわ. The correct option is せわ.

• 1せいわ inserts an extra い, which is not part of the reading. There is no long vowel here.
• 3せはなし treats 話 as its kun-reading はなし (as in 話す 'to speak'), but in this compound 話 is read わ, not はなし.
• 4せいはなし combines both errors: an extra い after せ and the kun-reading はなし for 話.

• 世話せわ — care, looking after (someone/something)

特急 is read とっきゅう (tokkyū), meaning 'special express (train).' 特 has the on-reading とく, and 急 has the on-reading きゅう. Due to sequential voicing/assimilation (促音化), とく＋きゅう becomes とっきゅう — the く is absorbed into a small っ and the long vowel う remains. The correct option is とっきゅう.

• 1とっきゅ is missing the final う. The reading of 急 is きゅう (with a long vowel), so dropping う makes it incorrect.
• 2ときゅう is missing the っ (geminate consonant). Without the small っ, it would sound like と-きゅう, which is wrong.
• 4ときゅ has both errors: missing the っ and missing the final う.

• 特急とっきゅう — special express (train)

The reading かかり corresponds to 係り, meaning 'person in charge' or 'staff member responsible for something.' The kanji 係 is read かかり and the okurigana り is part of the noun form. 係りの人 means 'the person in charge.'

• 1糸り uses 糸, which is read いと and means 'thread.' 糸り is not a word and does not match the reading かかり.
• 3員り uses 員, which is read いん and means 'member.' 員り is not a word and does not match the reading.
• 4損り uses 損, which is read そん and means 'loss/damage.' 損り is not a word and does not match the reading.

• 係かかり — person in charge, staff member responsible for a task
• 係かかり — person in charge (kanji alone can also be read かかり)