N5 Grammar · Test 42

To say 'want to work,' attach たい to the ます-stem of the verb. はたらく → はたらき + たい = はたらきたい. Option 4 はたらき is correct.

• 1はたらけ — This is the potential form (can work) or imperative, not the stem needed before たい.
• 2はたらい — This is not a valid conjugation of はたらく. The ます-stem is はたらき, not はたらい.
• 3はたらく — You cannot attach たい directly to the dictionary form. はたらくたい is ungrammatical; it must be はたらきたい.

• 働はたらく — to work
• 外国がいこく — foreign country
• 〜たい — want to (attach to verb ます-stem)

The negative past of an い-adjective is stem + くなかった. おいしい → おいしく + なかった = おいしくなかった ('was not delicious'). Option 1 is correct.

• 2おいしいくなかった — You must drop い before adding く. The correct form is おいしくなかった, not おいしいくなかった (which has an extra い).
• 3おいしいじゃなかった — じゃなかった is the negative past for な-adjectives and nouns, not い-adjectives. おいしい is an い-adjective.
• 4おいしくないだった — だった is the past of です for nouns/な-adjectives. You cannot combine the い-adjective negative おいしくない with だった. The correct form is おいしくなかった.

• 美味おいしい — delicious (い-adjective)
• 〜くなかった — was not (い-adjective negative past)

ながら attaches to the ます-stem of a verb. あるく → あるき + ながら = あるきながら ('while walking'). Option 3 あるき is correct. The sentence means 'Please do not eat while walking.'

• 1あるく — The dictionary form cannot attach directly to ながら. You need the ます-stem あるき.
• 2あるいて — This is the て-form, used for sequential actions, not with ながら.
• 4あるかな — This is not a valid conjugation form for use with ながら.

• 歩あるく — to walk
• 〜ながら — while doing (attach to verb ます-stem)
• 食たべる — to eat

Before とき ('when'), you use the plain form of the verb/adjective. わからない + とき = 'when (I) don't understand.' Option 2 わからない is correct. The sentence means 'When I don't understand, I ask the teacher.'

• 1わからないの — The の is unnecessary before とき. The correct form is simply わからないとき.
• 3わかったの — This means 'when (I) understood,' which is the opposite of the intended meaning. Also, の is unnecessary before とき.
• 4わかって — This is the て-form, which cannot directly modify とき in this pattern.

• 分わかる — to understand
• 分わからない — do not understand (negative plain)
• 〜とき — when (modified by plain form)
• 先生せんせい — teacher
• 聞きく — to ask

The correct answer is 4 (から). The pattern 〜から遠い means 'far from ~'. 学校から遠いですか ('Is it far from school?') is the correct structure. から marks the reference point from which distance is measured.

• 1か is a question particle and cannot be used between two nouns like 学校 and とおい in this way.
• 2を marks a direct object of a transitive verb, but 遠い is an adjective, not a transitive verb.
• 3で marks location of action or means, not a reference point for distance.

• 家いえ — house, home
• 学校がっこう — school
• 遠とおい — far (〜から遠い = far from ~)
• から — from (marks reference point for distance)

The correct answer is 2 (の). わたしのです means 'It is mine.' The particle の replaces the noun (にもつ) that is already understood from context: わたしの(にもつ)です = 'It's my luggage.' This is the possessive の used to stand in for the noun.

• 1が as a subject marker would make わたしがです, which is ungrammatical — です cannot directly follow が without a noun or adjective.
• 3や means 'and' (non-exhaustive list) and is used between nouns, not before です in this way.
• 4を marks a direct object and cannot precede です, which is a copula (linking verb), not a transitive verb.

• 大おおきい — big, large
• 荷物にもつ — luggage, baggage
• わたし — I, me
• の — possessive particle (Xの = X's / X's one)

The correct answer is 3 (も). The sentence uses the pattern も…も… meaning 'both A and B.' The sentence reads 今週は月曜日も火曜日も休みです (This week, both Monday and Tuesday are days off). The first も is already present after 月曜日, so the blank needs another も to complete the pattern.

• 1や means 'or' and is used for incomplete lists (AやB). It does not pair with the existing も and would not convey 'both.'
• 2と means 'and' (complete list), but it cannot pair with the preceding も. The pattern も…と… is not grammatical for 'both A and B.'
• 4は is the topic marker. 月曜日も火曜日は is grammatically odd here and does not express 'both A and B are holidays.'

• 今週こんしゅう — this week
• 休やすみ — day off, holiday

The correct answer is 1 (か). The pattern for an embedded yes/no question is ～か～か (whether…or not). The full sentence should be あした雨がふるかふらないかわかりません (I don't know whether it will rain or not tomorrow). The か before わかりません marks the embedded question clause.

• 2が is the subject marker. It cannot connect an embedded question to わかりません.
• 3も means 'also/too' and does not fit the embedded-question pattern.
• 4は is the topic marker and cannot connect an embedded question to わかりません.

• 雨あめがふる — to rain
• わかる — to understand, to know

The correct answer is 4 (で). The particle で indicates cause or reason. びょうきで = 'because of illness.' The sentence means 'I took a day off from work because I was sick.' This is a classic 4-kyu grammar point: Noun+で for reason/cause.

• 1を marks the direct object of a verb. びょうきをやすみました would mean 'took a rest of illness,' which is ungrammatical.
• 2に marks direction/target/time. びょうきに does not express cause.
• 3が marks the subject. びょうきがやすみました would mean 'the illness took a day off,' which is nonsensical.

• びょうき — illness, sickness
• 会社かいしゃ — company, workplace
• やすむ — to take a day off, to rest