N5 Grammar · Test 43

The sentence is あの店(みせ)は何(なに)という名前(なまえ)ですか = 'What is the name of that store?' The particle と is used for quotation/content naming. The pattern 何という名前 means 'a name called what' → 'what name.' と marks the content of いう (to say/call).

• 1が marks the subject of a verb. While 何がいう could be parsed, it would mean 'what says a name,' which is nonsensical here.
• 2に indicates direction/destination/target. 何にいう名前 does not form a grammatical pattern.
• 3の connects nouns possessively. 何のいう名前 is ungrammatical; の cannot precede a verb form like いう in this way.

• 店みせ — shop, store
• 名前なまえ — name
• 何なにという — called what / what kind of (used to ask a name)

The sentence is そのテープは5本(ほん)で600円(えん)です = 'That tape is 600 yen for 5 (pieces).' The particle で here indicates the unit/quantity basis for a price: [数量]で[価格] = ' (price) for (quantity).' So 5本で600円 = '600 yen for 5 pieces.'

• 2の would make 5本の600円, meaning '600 yen of 5 pieces,' which is grammatically unnatural and does not express the price-per-quantity relationship.
• 3に would make 5本に600円, which is not a valid pattern for expressing price for a quantity.
• 4か would make 5本か600円, meaning '5 pieces or 600 yen,' which does not make sense in this context.

• テープ（てーぷ） — tape
• 本ほん — counter for long cylindrical objects (tapes, bottles, pens, etc.)
• 円えん — yen (Japanese currency)

The sentence is その交差点(こうさてん)を左(ひだり)に曲(ま)がってください = 'Please turn left at that intersection.' The particle を marks the place/route through which one moves. With movement verbs like 曲がる (to turn), を marks the location where the turning action takes place: 交差点を曲がる = 'turn at the intersection.' This is a standard pattern for giving directions.

• 1が marks the subject of a sentence. 交差点が左に曲がって would mean 'the intersection turns left,' which is nonsensical—the person turns, not the intersection.
• 3に marks a destination or point of existence. While 交差点に could indicate 'at the intersection' in some contexts, with 曲がる the standard and correct particle is を, which marks the route/place traversed.
• 4と means 'and' or marks quotation. 交差点と左に曲がる is grammatically meaningless here.

• 交差点こうさてん — intersection, crossroads
• 左ひだり — left
• 曲まがる — to turn (a corner), to bend

The sentence is どこから来(き)ましたか = 'Where did you come from?' The particle から indicates origin or starting point. どこから = 'from where.' This is one of the most basic patterns in Japanese: (place)から来る = 'to come from (place).'

• 2だけ means 'only.' どこだけ来ましたか would mean something like 'did you come only from where,' which is nonsensical in this context.
• 3など means 'etc. / such as.' どこなど来ましたか is ungrammatical and meaningless here.
• 4しか means 'only' and requires a negative verb (しか〜ない). Since the sentence ends with the affirmative 来ました, しか cannot be used. It would require しか来ませんでした.

• どこ — where
• から — from (indicates origin/starting point)
• 来くる — to come

The correct answer is 4 (か). The sentence means 'There is a test on Monday or Tuesday.' か is a conjunction meaning 'or,' used here to list two possible days: 月曜日か火曜日に (on Monday or Tuesday). The に after 火よう日 marks the time when the test takes place.

• 1で marks means/location/scope, not 'or.' You cannot use で to list alternatives between two nouns like this.
• 2に is a time/place particle. Using it after 月よう日 would be redundant and ungrammatical since 火よう日 already carries に. Two time particles in a row don't form 'or.'
• 3を marks the direct object of a verb. Days of the week are not objects, so を cannot connect them.

• 月曜日げつようび — Monday
• 火曜日かようび — Tuesday
• テスト（てすと） — test, exam
• か — or (conjunction linking nouns)

で here indicates a total/extent — 'all together / in total.' ぜんぶでいくらですか means 'How much is it for all of them?' The で after ぜんぶ (all) expresses the idea of 'as a whole / in total,' which is the standard pattern for asking the total price of a quantity.

• 1を marks the direct object of a transitive verb. There is no transitive verb here (いくらですか is a noun+copula question), so を is ungrammatical.
• 2の is the possessive/linking particle. ぜんぶのいくらですか is unnatural — it would suggest 'the total's how-much,' which doesn't make sense.
• 4に indicates destination/time/indirect object. ぜんぶにいくらですか is ungrammatical and meaningless in this context.

• みかん — mandarin orange (蜜柑)
• ぜんぶ — all; everything (全部)
• 〜で — indicating a total or extent: 'in total / altogether'
• いくら — how much (price)

に is the particle used with なる (to become). いしゃになりました means 'became a doctor.' The pattern (noun) + に + なる expresses a change of state or becoming something, so に is required.

• 1を marks the direct object of a transitive verb. なる is intransitive, so を is ungrammatical: you cannot say いしゃをなりました.
• 3で indicates means/cause/location. いしゃでなりました would suggest 'became a doctor by means of / at a doctor,' which is nonsensical here.
• 4の is the possessive/linking particle. いしゃのなりました is ungrammatical — の cannot connect a noun to the verb なる in this way.

• おとうと — younger brother (弟)
• いしゃ — doctor (医者)
• なる — to become
• 〜になる — to become [noun]; to turn into

に marks the location where an action takes place. へやに電気をけしてください means 'Please turn off the lights in the room.' The action of turning off the lights happens in the room, so に is correct.

• 2へ indicates direction/toward a destination (e.g., going to a room), not the location where an action is performed.
• 3と means 'with' or 'and' (connecting nouns), which does not fit here.
• 4の links nouns possessively (e.g., へやの電気 'the room's lights'), but the sentence structure calls for a location particle, not a genitive.

• へや — room
• 電気でんき — electricity; lights
• けす — to turn off (lights)

で marks the means or language by which an action is performed. 日本語で話しましょう means 'Let's talk in Japanese.' で is the standard particle for indicating the language or tool used for an action.

• 1へ indicates direction toward a destination, not the means/language of an action.
• 3と means 'with' (together with someone) or 'and'; 日本語と話しましょう would imply talking together with Japanese, which makes no sense.
• 4に indicates a target or destination point; it does not express the means or language of an action.

• 日本語にほんご — Japanese language
• 話はなす — to speak/talk

The correct answer is 4 (と). The pattern 〜といっしょに means 'together with ~'. 友だちといっしょにえいがを見ました means 'I watched a movie together with my friend.' The particle と is required before いっしょに to indicate the person you are with.

• 1に marks a target/destination or point in time. It is not used with いっしょに to indicate 'together with'.
• 2へ indicates direction of movement and cannot be used with いっしょに.
• 3で marks means/method or location of action. It does not pair with いっしょに to mean 'together with'.

• 友ともだち — friend
• いっしょに — together
• えいが — movie
• 見みる — to see; to watch