N5 Grammar · Test 49

The correct answer is 2 (に). The sentence means 'Are there international students at this university?' This is an existence sentence (～がいます, 'there is/are'). に marks the location where someone/something exists: 大学に留学生がいます.

• 1で marks the place where an action occurs, not the location of existence. For います/あります (existence), に is required.
• 3と means 'with' or 'and,' which does not fit here.
• 4へ marks direction of movement ('to'), not a location of existence.

• に — particle marking location of existence (with います/あります)
• 留学生りゅうがくせい — international student
• 大学だいがく — university

The correct answer is 1 (の). The sentence means 'I watched an old Japanese movie.' の is the linking particle that connects two nouns: 日本 (Japan) + 古い映画 (old movie) → 日本の古い映画 ('an old movie of/from Japan').

• 2も means 'also/too.' 日本も would mean 'Japan too,' which does not connect the nouns properly.
• 3に marks location/direction/indirect object and cannot link nouns here.
• 4と means 'with/and.' 日本と would mean 'Japan and (old movie),' which is grammatically wrong for modifying a movie.

• の — linking particle connecting nouns (N1のN2)
• 古ふるい — old (thing)
• 映画えいが — movie

The correct answer is 3 (は). The sentence means 'In this area, summer is cool and winter is warm.' The pattern なつは…ふゆは… uses は to mark each season as a contrastive topic: 'summer (is cool), but winter (is warm).' This contrastive は is the natural choice.

• 1で marks means/cause or location of action. ふゆで would mean 'by means of winter' or 'in winter (action),' which does not fit an adjective predicate describing a property.
• 2を marks the direct object of a transitive verb. あたたかい is an adjective, not a transitive verb, so を is wrong.
• 4の links nouns. ふゆのあたたかい would mean 'winter's warm (something),' which is grammatically incomplete and does not fit the sentence structure.

• は — topic/contrastive particle (marks the topic of the sentence)
• 涼すずしい — cool, refreshing
• 暖あたたかい — warm
• 夏なつ — summer
• 冬ふゆ — winter

The correct answer is か (option 2). The pattern 「AかB」 means 'A or B,' offering a choice between two alternatives. 「きょうかあした」= 'today or tomorrow.' Ann is suggesting they eat together either today or tomorrow.

• 1が marks the subject of a sentence; it cannot link two nouns as alternatives.
• 3だけ means 'only.' 「きょうだけあした」is grammatically nonsensical.
• 4まで means 'until' or 'as far as.' It does not express a choice between two items.

• きょう — today
• あした — tomorrow
• いっしょに — together
• ～か～ — ～or～ (listing alternatives)

The correct answer is が (option 3). 「すみませんが」is a common set phrase meaning 'Excuse me, but…' The が here functions as a softening conjunction that connects the apology to the following request. This is a standard telephone greeting pattern: 'もしもし、すみませんが、山下さんをおねがいします' = 'Hello, excuse me, but may I speak to Yamashita-san?'

• 1と means 'and/with' and cannot be used this way after すみません.
• 2か is a question/alternative marker and does not fit here.
• 4から means 'from/because' and is not used in this set phrase.

• もしもし — hello (used on the phone)
• すみませんが — excuse me, but… (set phrase)
• おねがいします — please (used when making a request)

The correct answer is 2 (しずかで). The sentence is 「私のアパートは静かでいいです」(My apartment is quiet and nice). 静か is a na-adjective. To connect two adjectives/states, the te-form of a na-adjective is formed with で: 静かで (quiet and…). This connects 静か to いい (good/nice).

• 1しずかく is not a valid form. The na-adjective 静か does not take く (that ending is for i-adjectives). The adverbial form would be 静かに, but that pattern (静かにいいです) is not grammatical in this context.
• 3しずかの is not a valid conjugation. の cannot connect a na-adjective to another adjective in this way. 静かのいいです is ungrammatical.
• 4しずかと uses と, which means 'and' between nouns (listing items), not between adjectives. 静かといいです is ungrammatical for connecting adjective predicates.

• 静しずか — quiet (na-adjective)
• アパート — apartment

The correct answer is 1 (おか). The sentence is 「ここに鞄を置かないでください」(Please don't put your bag here). The pattern is V-ないでください (please don't do V). The verb is 置く (おく, to put). The nai-form is 置かない (おかない), so the stem before ない is 置か (おか). The blank requires the nai-stem: おか + ないでください.

• 2おき is the masu-stem of 置く. It is used for V-ます (置きます) or V-て (置いて, with te-form sound change), but not before ないで. おきないでください is ungrammatical.
• 3おく is the dictionary form. 置くないでください is ungrammatical — you cannot attach ない directly to the dictionary form.
• 4おけ is the imperative/potential stem (used in 置けば conditional or 置け imperative). おけないでください is ungrammatical in this context.

• 置おく — to put, place
• 鞄かばん — bag, briefcase

The correct answer is 4 (うすく). The sentence is 「パンを薄く切ります」(I will cut the bread thin/thinly). 薄い (うすい) is an i-adjective meaning 'thin'. To modify a verb (切る, to cut), an i-adjective is changed to its adverbial く-form: 薄い → 薄く. 薄く切る means 'to cut thinly'.

• 1うす is the stem of 薄い, but the stem alone cannot directly modify a verb. 薄切ります is ungrammatical — you need the く-form to create an adverb.
• 2うすい is the dictionary form of the i-adjective. An i-adjective in dictionary form cannot directly modify a verb. 薄い切ります is ungrammatical.
• 3うすいで is not a valid form. i-Adjectives do not form their te-form with で (that is for na-adjectives). The te-form of 薄い would be 薄くて, but that is not what is needed here — we need the adverbial く-form to modify 切る.

• 薄うすい — thin (i-adjective)
• 切きる — to cut
• パン — bread

The correct answer is 3 (で). The particle で here indicates a state or condition — 'at the age of 17.' The sentence means 'My younger sister is 17 and is a student.' The pattern (age)で expresses 'being (age) years old.'

• 1に is used for points in time (e.g., 3時に) or destinations, but it does not express the state of being a certain age.
• 2と means 'and' or 'with,' which does not fit here — it would not connect '17 years old' with 'student.'
• 4な is the copula form used before nouns (e.g., 17さいな学生), but here a particle is needed to separate the two predicates, not to join them into one noun phrase.

• 17さい（じゅうななさい） — 17 years old
• いもうと — younger sister
• 学生がくせい — student

The correct answer is 2 (かえり). The pattern V-ましょう (volitional 'let's do X') requires the ます-stem (ren'yōkei) of the verb. The verb かえる (to return) has the stem かえり, so かえりましょう means 'let's return/go home together to the station.'

• 1かえ is not the correct stem of かえる; it is an incomplete/incorrect form.
• 3かえる is the dictionary form. You cannot attach ましょう directly to the dictionary form.
• 4かえって is the て-form of かえる. The て-form is used for requests or connective clauses, not with ましょう.

• 駅えき — station
• いっしょに（一緒に） — together
• かえる（帰る） — to return / go home