N5 Grammar · Test 50

きれい is a な-adjective. Its polite negative is きれいじゃありません (or きれいではありません). わたしのへやはあまりきれいじゃありません means 'My room isn't very clean.'

• 1きれくないです wrongly conjugates きれい as an い-adjective (きれく).
• 2きれくありません also wrongly treats きれい as an い-adjective.
• 3きれいありません is missing the copula じゃ/では before ありません.

• きれい — clean, pretty (な-adjective)
• あまり — not very (with negative)

〜ないで means 'without doing ~'. はをみがく (brush teeth) → negative みがかない → みがかないで. きのうははをみがかないでねました means 'Yesterday I went to sleep without brushing my teeth.'

• 1みがくないで is incorrect; the く-stem should change to か before ない (godan verb みがく → みがかない).
• 3みがないで is missing the か from the godan conjugation.
• 4みがきないで uses the stem みがき, which is not the correct negative base.

• はをみがく — to brush one's teeth

〜てください means 'please do ~'. ひく (to play an instrument) → て-form ひいて. ギターをひいてください means 'Please play the guitar.'

• 1ひきて is not a valid て-form; godan verbs take 〜って/〜んで, not 〜きて.
• 3ひいで is not a valid て-form of ひく.
• 4ひきって is not a valid て-form; the correct form is ひいて.

• ひく — to play (a stringed instrument)
• ギター — guitar

The sentence is あしたは ゆきが ふる でしょう ('It will probably snow tomorrow'). でしょう indicates conjecture/prediction ('probably ~'). Before でしょう, the plain/dictionary form of the verb is used: ふる (降る, 'to fall' for rain/snow). Option 3 is correct.

• 1ふりて is not a valid te-form of ふる (the correct te-form is ふって). Even if it were valid, the te-form does not precede でしょう in this conjecture pattern.
• 2ふって is the correct te-form of ふる, but the te-form is not used before でしょう. The dictionary form ふる is required here.
• 4ふると would mean 'when/if it snows,' which does not fit before でしょう. The pattern 〜と〜でしょう is grammatically unnatural in this context.

• 降ふる — to fall (precipitation: rain, snow)
• 〜でしょう — probably ~; I think ~ (conjecture)

The sentence is そうじを して から でかけましょう ('Let's go out after cleaning'). The pattern 〜てから means 'after doing ~'. The te-form of する (to do) is して, so してから = 'after doing (the cleaning).' Option 1 is correct.

• 2した から uses the past tense た-form, but the pattern for 'after doing' is 〜てから (te-form + から), not 〜たから. 〜たから would mean 'because I did ~,' which changes the meaning entirely.
• 3する から uses the dictionary form + から, which means 'because I will do ~' (reason), not 'after doing ~.'
• 4しって is the te-form of しって (知る, 'to know'), not of する. しってから would mean 'after knowing,' which does not fit the context of cleaning.

• 掃除そうじ — cleaning
• 〜てから — after doing ~
• 出でかける — to go out

The correct answer is 4 (にぎやか). にぎやか is a na-adjective (形容動詞). Before でしょう (probable/suppositional ending), the na-adjective stem form is used directly: にぎやかでしょう (will probably be lively). The sentence means 'My party will probably be lively.'

• 1にぎやかに is the adverbial form, used before verbs (e.g., にぎやかに話す). It cannot precede でしょう.
• 2にぎやかだ is the plain copula form. だでしょう is redundant and ungrammatical; you drop だ before でしょう.
• 3にぎやかな is the attributive (pre-noun) form, used before nouns (e.g., にぎやかなパーティー). It cannot precede でしょう.

• にぎやか — lively, bustling
• たぶん — probably, perhaps
• でしょう — probably will be (suppositional)

The correct answer is 2 (つかわないで). The verb つかう (to use) is a godan verb ending in う. Its negative form is つかわない (u → wa in negative). The te-form of the negative is つかわないで. The sentence means 'For this test, please do not use a dictionary.' The pattern is V-ないでください (please do not V).

• 1つかうないで is an incorrect conjugation. Godan verbs ending in う change う to わない, not うない.
• 3つかいないで is an incorrect conjugation. The correct negative stem of つかう is つかわ-, not つかい-.
• 4つかないで is missing the わ. This would be the negative of つく (to arrive), not つかう (to use).

• つかう — to use
• じしょ — dictionary
• ～ないでください — please do not (do something)

The correct answer is 4 (聞き). The pattern V-ながら means 'while doing V.' The verb must be in the masu-stem form. 聞く → 聞き → 聞きながら (while listening). The sentence means 'I wrote my essay while listening to music.'

• 1聞いた is the past tense (ta-form). ながら requires the masu-stem, not the past tense.
• 3聞いた is identical to option 1 and is also the past tense. It is incorrect for the same reason as option 1.

• おんがく — music
• 聞きく — to listen
• ながら — while doing (attached to masu-stem)
• さくぶん — essay, composition

The pattern 「〜前（まえ）に」(before doing something) requires the dictionary form (辞書形) of the verb before it. 行く (いく) is the dictionary form of 'to go', so 会社に行く前に means 'before going to the company'.

• 2行きます is the polite (ます) form. You cannot place a ます-form verb directly before まえに; the dictionary form is required.
• 3行った is the past tense (た形). 「〜た前に」is grammatically incorrect; 前（まえ）に takes the dictionary form, not the past tense.
• 4行って is the te-form (て形). The te-form is used for sequential actions or requests, not before まえに.

• 行いく — to go
• 前（に）（まえ（に）） — before (doing something)

The sentence uses 〜ています (continuous/state). The verb 泳ぐ (およぐ, 'to swim') is a godan verb ending in 〜ぐ. Its te-form follows the rule ぐ→いで, giving 泳いで (およいで). So 魚がたくさん泳いでいます means 'Many fish are swimming.'

• 1およぎて is an incorrect te-form. The 〜ぎ stem does not take 〜て; verbs ending in 〜ぐ change to 〜いで.
• 2およくて is not a valid conjugation of 泳ぐ. The stem would be およぎ, not およく.
• 4およんで would be the te-form of a verb like 読む (よむ) or 呼ぶ (よぶ), not 泳ぐ (およぐ). The 〜む/〜ぶ/〜ぬ verbs take 〜んで.

• 泳およぐ — to swim
• 〜ています — is ~ing (continuous/state)