N1 Vocabulary · Test 11
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1.作動
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Answer: 4. このガスストーブは転倒すると安全装置が作動してガスが止まる。
作動 (さどう) means a machine, device, or mechanism starts operating/activating automatically or as designed. Option 4 describes a safety device on a gas stove that activates when the stove tips over—exactly the correct usage, as it refers to a built-in mechanism functioning.
- 作動 — (of a machine/device/mechanism) to operate, activate, function
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2.しぶとい
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Answer: 3. 妹はしぶといところがあって、失敗してもあきらめず何度でも挑戦する。
しぶとい means tenacious, persistent, not easily giving up or being defeated—often describing a person's character or attitude. Option 3 describes a sister who keeps trying despite failure, which perfectly matches the meaning of しぶとい (persistent/tenacious).
- しぶとい — tenacious, persistent, stubborn; not giving up easily
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3.備え付ける
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Answer: 1. 寮の部屋にはパソコンが備え付けてあったので、自分で買わずに済んだ。
備え付ける (そなえつける) means to install, equip, or furnish something as a fixed/built-in item in a place. Option 1 says the dorm room had a PC already installed (備え付けてあった), so there was no need to buy one—this is the correct usage, referring to equipment provided as part of the room's fixtures.
- 備え付ける(そなえつける) — to install, equip, furnish (as a fixed/built-in item in a place)
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4.基調
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Answer: 4. この部屋の家具は白を基調にした明るい色で統一されている。
基調 (きちょう) means the keynote, base, or fundamental tone/theme upon which something is unified or built. Option 4 says the room's furniture is unified in bright colors with white as the 基調 (base tone)—this is the standard usage, referring to a unifying base color/theme.
- 基調 — keynote, fundamental tone, base theme (upon which something is built/unified)
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5.かさばる
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Answer: 2. 紙の袋に入れた荷物がかさばって、持って歩くのが大変だった。
かさばる means to be bulky, to take up a lot of space, to be cumbersome to carry because of size/volume. Option 2 says luggage in a paper bag was かさばる (bulky) and hard to carry—this is exactly the correct usage, referring to physical bulkiness.
- かさばる — to be bulky, take up space, be cumbersome due to size/volume
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6.この広大な大地を潤すにはまだまだ不十分だった。
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Answer: 3. うるおす
潤す is read うるおす, meaning 'to moisten, to enrich.' In this sentence, 'この広大な大地を潤すにはまだまだ不十分だった' means 'It was still insufficient to enrich/moisten this vast land.' Option 3 is correct.
- 潤す — to moisten, to enrich, to benefit
- 耕す — to plow, to cultivate
- 濡らす — to wet, to soak
- 癒す — to heal, to soothe
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7.使う前に必ず熱湯で殺菌してください。
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Answer: 2. さっきん
殺菌 is read さっきん, meaning 'sterilization/disinfection.' The 殺 is read さつ, which becomes さっ before き (rendaku/assimilation), and 菌 is きん. Together: さっきん. Option 2 is correct.
- 殺菌 — sterilization, disinfection
- 熱湯 — boiling water
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8.これが私に託された仕事です。
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Answer: 4. たくされた
託された is read たくされた (passive past of 託す), meaning 'was entrusted with.' The sentence 'これが私に託された仕事です' means 'This is the work that was entrusted to me.' Option 4 is correct.
- 託す — to entrust, to consign
- 貸す — to lend
- 任す — to entrust, to delegate
- 下す — to hand down, to give
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9.このコンサートホールは、舞台に向かって床が傾斜している。
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Answer: 1. けいしゃ
傾斜 is read けいしゃ, meaning 'slope/inclination.' 傾 is けい (on'yomi) and 斜 is しゃ. The sentence means 'In this concert hall, the floor slopes toward the stage.' Option 1 is correct.
- 傾斜 — slope, inclination, tilt
- 舞台 — stage
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10.毎回のように反対派の人々に阻まれてきた。
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Answer: 1. はばまれて
阻まれて is read はばまれて (passive te-form of 阻む), meaning 'being obstructed/blocked.' The sentence means 'Every time, they have been obstructed by opposition groups.' Option 1 is correct.
- 阻む — to obstruct, to block, to impede
- 睨む — to glare at, to watch closely
- 絡む — to tangle, to pick a fight
- 拒む — to refuse, to reject, to oppose
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