N1 Vocabulary · Test 141
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1.たつ······ある位置に身をおく。
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Answer: 2. 人の上にたつ者は、責任ある行動を取らなければならない。
The correct answer is 2. The definition given is ある位置に身をおく ('to place oneself in a certain position'), i.e., 立つ meaning 'to stand (in a position).' 人の上に立つ者 means 'those who stand above others / are in a position of authority,' which directly matches this sense of placing oneself in a certain (superior) position.
- 立つ — to stand; to place oneself in a certain position (人の上に立つ = to stand above others / be in authority)
- 発つ — to depart, set out (へを発つ)
- 建つ — to be built, be constructed
- 弁が立つ(べんがたつ) — to be eloquent, to have a way with words
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2.きつい······感覚に与える刺激が強い。
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Answer: 4. この香水は、においがかなりきつい。
The correct answer is 4. The definition is 感覚に与える刺激が強い ('the stimulus given to the senses is strong'). この香水は、においがかなりきつい means 'This perfume's scent is quite strong (overpowering),' where きつい describes a sensory stimulus (smell) that is intense — exactly matching the definition.
- きつい — strong (sensory stimulus); tight; tough/severe; strict/harsh — multiple senses
- 日程 — schedule, itinerary
- 相撲 — sumo wrestling
- 稽古 — training, practice (traditional arts/sports)
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3.気······性質、性格。
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Answer: 1. 彼はとても気が強い。
The correct answer is 1. The definition is 気······性質、性格 ('nature, personality'). 彼はとても気が強い means 'He has a very strong personality / is very strong-willed.' Here 気 refers to one's nature or temperament, matching the given definition.
- 気が強い(きがつよい) — strong-willed, having a strong personality
- 気が抜ける(きがぬける) — to lose spirit, become deflated
- 気がつく — to notice, to be attentive/perceptive
- 気が進む(きがすすむ) — to feel inclined (negative: 気が進まない = not feel like it)
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4.腹······本心、意図。
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Answer: 3. あいつの腹はなかなか読めない。
The correct answer is 3. The definition is 腹······本心、意図 ('true feelings, intentions'). あいつの腹はなかなか読めない means 'I can't read that guy's true intentions.' Here 腹 means one's hidden true motives or intentions, matching the definition perfectly. 腹を読む is a common idiom meaning 'to read someone's true intentions.'
- 腹 — stomach/belly; true feelings/intentions (腹を読む = to read someone's intentions)
- 腹を抱える(はらをかかえる) — to hold one's stomach (laughing hard)
- 腹が減る(はらがへる) — to become hungry
- 腹を立てる(はらをたてる) — to get angry
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5.立場······判断するためのよりどころとなる基本的な考え方や知識。
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Answer: 4. 経済学の立場から分析している。
The correct answer is 4. The definition is 立場······判断するためのよりどころとなる基本的な考え方や知識 ('basic thinking or knowledge that serves as a basis for judgment'). 経済学の立場から分析している means 'analyzing from the standpoint of economics.' Here 立場 means a theoretical or academic perspective/framework used as a basis for analysis and judgment — exactly matching the definition.
- 立場 — position/situation; one's role; standpoint/perspective (as a basis for judgment)
- 否決 — rejection, voting down (of a bill)
- 予算案 — budget bill/proposal
- 弁護士 — lawyer, attorney
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6.問題VI(1).相当……同じねうち・働きをもつこと。
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Answer: 1. この薬に含まれるビタミンCはレモン10個分に相当する。
The stem defines 相当 (そうとう) as '同じねうち・働きをもつこと' (having the same value or function; being equivalent). Option 1 uses 相当する to mean 'is equivalent to,' perfectly matching the definition: 'The vitamin C contained in this medicine is equivalent to 10 lemons.'
- 相当 — 1. equivalent to, corresponding to (相当する); 2. considerable, fairly, quite (相当な/相当)
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7.問題VI(2).通じる……あることについてよく知っている。
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Answer: 3. 彼は長年の経験から、教育問題に通じている。
Option 3 uses 通じる to mean 'to be well-versed in' or 'to be knowledgeable about' a specific subject, which perfectly matches the definition given in the stem: あることについてよく知っている (to know well about something). In this sentence, it means he is well-versed in educational issues due to his long years of experience.
- 通じる — to lead to; to communicate/be understood; to be well-versed in; to apply to/be relevant to
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8.問題VI(3).おかす……他人の領域を無視して害を与える。
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Answer: 1. 個人の自由をおかすようなことをしてはならない。
The stem defines the word 「おかす」 as 'to ignore another's territory/domain and cause harm,' which corresponds to the kanji 「侵す」 (to infringe upon, to violate). Option 1 uses it in the phrase 「個人の自由をおかす」 (to infringe upon individual freedom), which perfectly matches this definition.
- 侵す — to invade, to infringe upon, to violate (rights, freedom, territory)
- 犯す — to commit (a crime, a sin, an error)
- 冒す — to brave, to risk (danger), to disregard
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9.問題VI(4).かける……おおうようにする。
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Answer: 2. かぜをひかないように、もう一枚毛布をかけてあげた。
Option 2 is correct because the phrase 毛布をかける (もうふをかける) means to put a blanket over someone, which perfectly matches the given definition おおうようにする (おおうようにする, to do in a way that covers). In this context, かける means to lay something over or cover someone/something for warmth or protection.
- かける — to cover (with a blanket, etc.); to lay something over
- おおう — to cover
- 毛布 — blanket
- 小包 — parcel, package
- ひも — string, cord
- はしご — ladder
- 屋根 — roof
- 声をかける — to call out to, to speak to
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10.問題VI(5).とける……はっきりしていなかったものが、わかる。
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Answer: 1. 説明を聞いて、やっと疑問がとけた。
The definition given in the stem is 'something that was unclear becomes understood.' Option 1 uses 'とける' (written as 解ける) in the sense of a doubt, mystery, or question being resolved or cleared up. '疑問がとける' means that something you did not understand or were unsure about has become clear, which perfectly matches the provided definition.
- とける (解ける)(とける) — to be solved, resolved, cleared up (e.g., doubts, questions); to come untied (e.g., shoelaces, knots); to melt away (e.g., anger, tension)
- とける (溶ける)(とける) — to dissolve (e.g., sugar, salt in liquid)
- 疑問 — doubt, question
- 怒り — anger, rage
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