N1 Vocabulary · Test 57

華やか is read はなやか, meaning 'gorgeous, showy, splendid, flamboyant'. It is an adjective describing the vivid, colorful paintings and sculptures. Option 2 はなやか is correct.

• 1あざやか (鮮やか) is a real adjective meaning 'vivid, bright, clear', which is a near-synonym and thus a deliberately tempting distractor, but it is not the reading of 華やか.
• 3おだやか (穏やか) is a real adjective meaning 'calm, gentle, mild', which is semantically wrong for describing showy artwork.
• 4さわやか (爽やか) is a real adjective meaning 'refreshing, brisk', which is semantically wrong for describing gorgeous artwork.

• 華はなやか — gorgeous, showy, splendid, flamboyant
• 色彩しきさい — coloring, colors
• 彫刻ちょうこく — sculpture, carving

色彩（しきさい）means 'coloration, colors' and is read しきさい. 色 is read しき (as in 色彩) and 彩 is read さい (as in 色彩, 彩色). The sentence describes paintings and sculptures of gorgeous colors displayed in a mansion's guest room.

• 1しょくざい is a misreading using the common on'yomi しょく for 色 (as in 色素) and a wrong second syllable. There is no word しょくざい that fits here.
• 2しょくさい similarly misuses しょく for 色; this is not a real word in this context.
• 3しきざい gets the first kanji right (しき) but uses a wrong voiced reading ざい for 彩; the correct reading is unvoiced さい.

• 色彩しきさい — coloration, colors
• 邸宅ていたく — mansion, residence
• 華はなやか — gorgeous, showy, splendid

彫刻（ちょうこく）means 'sculpture, carving.' 彫 is read ちょう and 刻 is read こく. The sentence says sculptures of gorgeous colors are displayed in the guest room of the mansion.

• 1しゅうこく is not a real word; it misuses a しゅう reading for 彫.
• 2しょうこく is not a real word; it misuses しょう for 彫 (perhaps confusing with 小).
• 3ちゅうこく is not a real word; it misuses ちゅう for 彫 (perhaps confusing with 中).

• 彫刻ちょうこく — sculpture, carving
• 飾かざってある — is displayed/decorated (state)

倣う（ならう）means 'to imitate, to follow someone's example.' 先生に倣って means 'imitating/following the teacher's example.' The children watched what the teacher did and copied it — sewing bags, tearing cloth to make strings.

• 2たよって（頼って）means 'to rely on, to depend on.' You don't 'rely on' the teacher in this context; the children are copying the teacher's actions.
• 3したがって（従って）means 'to obey, to comply with (rules/orders).' While it can mean 'to follow,' it implies obedience to authority or rules, not imitating someone's physical actions.
• 4ともなって（伴って）means 'to accompany, to go along with.' 先生に伴って would mean 'accompanying the teacher,' which does not fit the context of children imitating the teacher's craft actions.

• 倣ならう — to imitate, to follow (someone's example)
• 袋ふくろ — bag, sack
• 裂さいて — tearing (cloth), splitting

縫う（ぬう）means 'to sew.' 袋を縫ったり means 'sewing bags (among other things).' The たり form conjugates 縫う → 縫って → 縫ったり, giving the reading ぬったり.

• 1おったり could correspond to 折る（おる, to fold/break）or 追う（おう, to chase）, neither of which means 'to sew.'
• 2つったり is not a valid conjugation of any common verb meaning 'to sew.' It might be a distractor resembling 痛る or similar, but it does not fit.
• 3はったり could correspond to 張る（はる, to paste/stretch）or 払う（はらう, to pay）conjugated incorrectly; none means 'to sew.'

• 縫ぬう — to sew
• 袋ふくろ — bag, sack

Option 1 (とんや) is correct. 問屋 (とんや) means 'wholesale store, wholesale dealer.' The kanji 問 has the on'yomi もん, but in this compound it undergoes a sound change (rendaku-like voicing/assimilation) to とん, and 屋 is read や. This is a well-established reading: とんや.

• 2とうや is an incorrect reading. The kanji 問 is not read とう in any standard compound.
• 3もんや uses the standard on'yomi of 問 (もん) but this is not the correct reading for 問屋. The established reading is とんや, not もんや.
• 4もうや is an incorrect reading. Neither 問 nor 屋 produces this combination.

• 問屋とんや — wholesale store, wholesale dealer

漂う（ただよう）means 'to drift/float (in the air or water).' In this sentence, a good smell from the nearby spice wholesaler is drifting through the area. The て-form is 漂って（ただよって）, which is option 4.

• 1さまよって is the て-form of さまよう（彷徨う）, 'to wander aimlessly.' A smell does not wander; this is semantically wrong and the kanji does not match 漂.
• 2かたよって is the て-form of かたよる（偏る）, 'to be biased/uneven.' This is unrelated to a smell drifting.
• 3にかよって would be the て-form of にかよう（似通う）, 'to resemble/be similar.' This does not fit the context of a smell filling the air, and the kanji does not match.

• 漂ただよう — to drift, float (in air/water)
• 香辛料こうしんりょう — spices
• 問屋とんや — wholesaler

演奏 is read えんそう, 'performance (of music).' 大木さん plays piano at a hotel, so 演奏（えんそう）is correct — option 1.

• 2えんすう is not a valid reading of 演奏. It may be confused with 演算（えんさん, calculation）or 円数, but it is wrong here.
• 3えんす is not a valid reading of 演奏.
• 4えんそ is not a valid reading of 演奏; it may resemble a truncated form but is incorrect.

• 演奏えんそう — musical performance
• 稼かせぐ — to earn (money)
• 賄まかなう — to cover (expenses), provide for

稼ぐ（かせぐ）means 'to earn (money).' The past tense て-form is 稼いだ（かせいだ）. He earned money by playing piano, so option 3 is correct.

• 1つないだ is the past form of つなぐ（繋ぐ）, 'to connect/tie.' This does not fit 'earning money.'
• 2しのいだ is the past form of しのぐ（凌ぐ）, 'to endure/overcome.' Semantically wrong for earning money.
• 4かついだ is the past form of かつぐ（担ぐ）, 'to carry on the shoulder / to believe in.' This does not mean 'to earn.'

• 稼かせぐ — to earn (money)
• 生活費せいかつひ — living expenses
• 賄まかなう — to cover (expenses)

賄う（まかなう）means 'to provide/cover (expenses, meals).' The て-form is 賄って（まかなって）. He covers his living expenses with the money earned — option 2 is correct.

• 1うるおって is the て-form of うるおう（潤う）, 'to be moistened/prosper.' This does not mean 'to cover expenses.'
• 3やしなって is the て-form of やしなう（養う）, 'to raise/nourish/support.' While related to providing, it does not specifically mean covering expenses and the kanji does not match 賄.
• 4おぎなって is the て-form of おぎなう（補う）, 'to supplement/make up for.' Close in nuance but the kanji 賄 is read まかなう, not おぎなう.

• 賄まかなう — to cover (expenses), provide for
• 生活費せいかつひ — living expenses
• 稼かせぐ — to earn (money)