N1 Vocabulary · Test 58

勧められた is read すすめられた. This is the passive form of 勧める (すすめる, 'to recommend/advise'). 勧める → 勧められる (passive, 'to be recommended') → 勧められた (past passive, 'was recommended'). The sentence means 'I was recommended pearls and pottery as souvenirs.'

• 2とどめられた — this is the passive form of 届める (とどめる, 'to deliver/send') or 止める (とどめる, 'to stop/hold back'). Neither fits the context of recommending something.
• 3みとあられた — this does not correspond to any standard verb form and appears to be a fabricated distractor. It may be intended to resemble 認められる (みとめられる, 'to be recognized/acknowledged'), but the reading is incorrect even for that.
• 4もとめられた — this is the passive form of 求める (もとめる, 'to request/seek/demand'). While plausible-sounding, the kanji 勧 means 'recommend/advise' (すすめる), not 'seek/request' (もとめる).

• 勧すすめる — to recommend; to advise; to urge
• 勧すすめられる — to be recommended (passive form of 勧める)

苗 is read なえ and means 'seedling' or 'young plant.' In the sentence, 花の苗を鉢に入れ (put a flower seedling in a pot) makes perfect sense.

• 1くき means 茎 'stem' (of a plant). A stem is not something you pot and give as a gift in this context.
• 3ね means 根 'root.' You do not put a bare root in a pot to give away.
• 4め means 芽 'bud/sprout.' Too small/early a stage for potting as a gift.

• 苗なえ — seedling, young plant
• 鉢はち — flowerpot
• 添そえる — to attach, accompany (with)

鉢 is read はち and means 'flowerpot.' 花の苗を鉢に入れ (put the flower seedling in a pot) is the natural reading.

• 1かご means 籠 'basket.' A basket is not typically used for potting a plant.
• 3ぼん means 盆 'tray/basin' (as in 盆栽 bonsai tray). Not the standard word for a flowerpot.
• 4わん means 碗 'bowl.' A bowl is not used as a plant pot.

• 鉢はち — flowerpot
• 苗なえ — seedling

添えて is the て-form of 添える (そえる), 'to attach/accompany something with.' 育て方のメモを添えて (attaching a note on how to grow it) is correct.

• 2くわえて is from 加える 'to add/put in.' While related, the fixed collocation for attaching a note is 添える, not 加える.
• 3そなえて is from 備える 'to equip/provide.' Wrong meaning—you don't 'equip' a note.
• 4ととのえて is from 整える 'to arrange/put in order.' Not the right verb for attaching a memo.

• 添そえる — to attach, accompany (something with something else)
• 加くわえる — to add, put in
• 備そなえる — to equip, provide, prepare
• 整ととのえる — to arrange, put in order

連日 is read れんじつ, meaning 'consecutive days, day after day.' 連日徹夜で練習し (practiced overnight day after day) fits perfectly.

• 2れんにち is an incorrect reading; 日 is じつ in this compound (rendaku does not apply here).
• 3れんか would correspond to a non-existent or different compound; not a reading of 連日.
• 4れんぴ would correspond to 連日 with an on-yomi of 日 as ぴ, which does not occur in this word.

• 連日れんじつ — consecutive days, day after day
• 徹夜てつや — staying up all night
• 本番ほんばん — the actual performance, the real thing

無言 (silence, without speaking) is read むごん. 無 (む) + 言 (ごん). The phrase 終始無言で means 'silently throughout.'

• 1ぶげん is not a valid reading; 無 is read む or ぶ in some compounds, but 言 is not read げん here — actually げん IS a valid on'yomi for 言, but 無 is not ぶ in this word.
• 2ぷごん is not a valid reading for either character in this compound.
• 3むげん is the reading of 無限 (infinite, endless) — a different word.

• 無言むごん — silence, without saying a word
• 無限むげん — infinite, endless

崩す（くずす）means 'to break down, to crumble, to let one's expression soften.' Here 硬い表情を崩さなかった means 'he never let his stiff expression soften.' The correct reading is くずさなかった.

• 1かくさなかった would come from a non-existent verb; there is no kanji 崩 read as かく. This is a distractor.
• 3こわさなかった is the reading of 壊さなかった (壊す, 'to break/destroy'), a lookalike kanji with a similar meaning but wrong character.
• 4ずらさなかった is the reading of ずらさなかった from ずらす ('to shift/slide'), unrelated to 崩す.

• 崩くずす — to break down, crumble; to let (a posture/expression) soften
• 終始しゅうし — from beginning to end, throughout
• 無言むごん — silence, without saying a word
• 硬かたい — stiff, rigid

朗らか is read ほがらか, meaning 'cheerful, bright, sunny.' 朗らかな様子を見せた means 'he showed a cheerful demeanor.' The correct option is ほがらかな.

• 1あきらかな corresponds to 明らかな (明らか, 'clear, obvious'), a different word with a different kanji.
• 2うららかな is not a standard reading; it resembles 麗らか（うららか, 'bright/calm, as of spring weather'）but is not the reading of 朗らか.
• 3おおらかな corresponds to 大らかな (大らか, 'broad-minded, easygoing'), a different word.

• 朗ほがらか — cheerful, bright, lighthearted
• 様子ようす — state, appearance, demeanor

実費 is read じっぴ, meaning 'actual expenses, cost price.' The reading follows the rule that 実（じつ）+ a kana-initial kanji like 費（ひ）undergoes 促音化, giving じっぴ. 実費で徴収する means 'to collect the actual cost.'

• 1じひ ignores the 促音化 (gemination) that occurs with 実 before 費.
• 2じっひ applies gemination but keeps ひ instead of changing it to ぴ; 費 becomes ぴ after a small っ, not ひ.
• 3じつひ is the literal reading without 促音化; while sometimes heard, the standard reading of 実費 is じっぴ.

• 実費じっぴ — actual expenses, cost price
• 徴収ちょうしゅう — collection (of fees/taxes)
• 小銭こぜに — small change, coins

徴収 is read ちょうしゅう, meaning 'collection (of money/fees).' 徴収します means 'will collect.' The correct option is ちょうしゅう.

• 1びしゅ is a wrong reading using 美（び）instead of 徴（ちょう）, and lacks the long vowel う.
• 2びしゅう similarly uses 美（び）, a lookalike/phonetic distractor, and is not a real word here.
• 3ちょうしゅ lacks the final long vowel う; 徴収 is ちょうしゅう, not ちょうしゅ.

• 徴収ちょうしゅう — collection (of fees, taxes, etc.)
• 実費じっぴ — actual expenses