N2 Grammar · Test 21

Option 2 is correct. おかげで means 'thanks to ~ / because of ~ (positive result)' and attaches directly to a verb clause in past tense: 彼が手伝ってくれたおかげで = 'Thanks to him helping me.' The sentence means 'Thanks to him helping me, the work finished much earlier.' The pattern V-た + おかげで is standard grammar for expressing gratitude or a positive causal relationship.

• 1の is used before おかげで when attaching to a noun (e.g., 先生のおかげで), not after a full verb clause like 手伝ってくれた. Inserting の here is grammatically incorrect.
• 3おかげさま is a more formal/polite expression of gratitude used as a standalone phrase (like 'thank you for your help'), not in the ～おかげで causal pattern. Adding の makes it doubly wrong.
• 4おかげさまで is used as an independent expression of thanks (e.g., おかげさまで元気です), not as a conjunction meaning 'thanks to ~, (result).' It cannot connect two clauses in this sentence pattern.

• おかげで — thanks to ~; because of ~ (used for positive results, expressing gratitude)
• 手伝てつだう — to help; to assist
• たいぶ — considerably; quite a lot (written as 大分 in kanji)

Option 3 is correct. ～のあまり means 'due to extreme ~ / so much ~ that...' and is used with emotional nouns to express that an overwhelming feeling led to a certain result. 悲しみのあまり = 'overcome with grief / due to overwhelming sadness.' The sentence means 'Upon being informed of my father's death, I was so overwhelmed with grief that I took to bed.' This pattern naturally collocates with strong emotions like 悲しみ (grief), 嬉しさ (joy), 驚き (surprise).

• 1ところ does not form a meaningful pattern here. 悲しみのところ is not a grammatical construction. ～ところ means 'just about to ~' or 'the point/state of ~' and does not express causation through extreme emotion.
• 2ため means 'because of / due to' but lacks the nuance of 'extreme degree' that the sentence requires. Also, ためで is not the correct connective form here — it should be ため(に) if used. Even so, ため is too neutral for the emotional intensity described.
• 4おかげで means 'thanks to ~' and is used for positive outcomes with a sense of gratitude. Using it for a negative event like a father's death is inappropriate and unnatural in Japanese.

• ～のあまり — due to extreme ~; so overcome with ~ that... (used with emotional nouns)
• 悲かなしみ — grief; sorrow; sadness
• 寝込ねこむ — to take to bed; to be bedridden (from illness or emotional distress)
• 知しらされる — to be informed/told (passive of 知らす: to notify)

Option 1 is correct. ～たいものだ is a fixed pattern expressing a strong, heartfelt desire or longing, often used when recalling past aspirations or expressing a general wish. 子どものころ、～たいものだと思っていた = 'As a child, I used to think I really wanted to...' This pattern conveys the emotional intensity of a childhood dream, which plain ～たい alone cannot. The sentence means 'When I was a child, I used to think I really wanted to travel around the world when I grew up.'

• 2たいことだ is not a standard grammatical pattern. While こと can follow verbs in various patterns (e.g., ～ことができる, ～ことにする), たいことだ is not an established expression and sounds unnatural here.
• 3～たいわけだ would mean 'so that means (I) want to ~,' implying a logical conclusion or reasoning. This does not fit the context of recalling a childhood aspiration — there is no logical deduction being made.
• 4～たいはずだ means ' (I) should want to ~' or 'it is expected that (I) want to ~,' expressing expectation or logical inference. This does not match the nostalgic tone of recalling a childhood dream.

• ～たいものだ — used to express a strong desire/longing, especially when recalling past aspirations or expressing heartfelt wishes
• 世界一周旅行せかいいっしゅうりょこう — around-the-world trip; world tour
• 子こどものころ — when I was a child; in my childhood

The correct answer is 3. よう. The pattern ようになっています means 'has been arranged/set up so that～.' The sentence means 'This door is set up to close automatically when a fire occurs.' This is a common pattern for describing a system or mechanism designed to produce a certain result.

• 1べき (べきになっています) is ungrammatical here. べき expresses obligation ('should'), which does not combine with になっています to describe a built-in mechanism.
• 2ため (ためになっています) is unnatural. ため expresses purpose, but ためになっています is not a standard pattern for describing an automatic mechanism.
• 4そう (そうになっています) is not grammatical in this context. そうに can appear in certain expressions, but そうになっています does not convey 'arranged so that～.'

• ようになっている — is set up/arranged so that～ (describing a system or mechanism)

The correct answer is 4. 一方で. The pattern 〜一方で means 'on one hand～, on the other hand～,' expressing two contrasting aspects of the same subject. The sentence means 'Young people who, on one hand work hard, on the other hand don't forget to have fun, are increasing.' 一方で perfectly captures this contrast.

• 1までか is ungrammatical here. まで indicates an extreme extent and か makes it a question; neither fits the structure.
• 2以上で (仕事をする以上で) is incorrect. 以上(は) means 'since/however much～,' expressing a condition or resolution, not a contrast. The particle で after 以上 is also unnatural here.
• 3ほどか is ungrammatical. ほど expresses degree or comparison, and does not create the contrasting 'on the other hand' relationship needed here.

• 一方いっぽうで — on one hand～, on the other hand～ (expressing contrasting aspects)

The correct pattern is 'においがする' (has a smell / smells like), using the particle が. This is a fixed sensory-expression structure: (noun)がする means 'to perceive (sensation)'. So 'へんなにおいがする' means 'it has a strange smell.'

• 2を marks a direct object of a transitive verb, but する in this sensory pattern requires が, not を.
• 3で marks means/location, which does not fit the fixed expression 'においがする.'
• 4へ marks direction, which is irrelevant to the sensory-perception pattern.

• においがする — to have a smell, to smell (of something)
• へん — strange, odd

The correct answer is '見ると' using the conditional と, which here expresses discovery: 'when I looked outside, it was snowing.' The pattern V-ると is used for sequential actions where the second event is discovered upon doing the first — 'did X and then found/discovered Y.'

• 1見て (te-form) would need a continuation like '見て、雪がふっているのを見た' and does not convey the discovery nuance of 'when I looked, I found that…'
• 3見るなら means 'if you look' (conditional for advice/hypothetical), which does not fit the past-tense discovery context.
• 4見ながら means 'while looking,' implying simultaneous ongoing action, which does not fit 'I looked outside and found it was snowing.'

• 見みると — when (I) looked (discovery/sequence)
• 雪ゆきがふる — snow falls

The correct answer is 'します,' forming 'お持ちします' — the humble form (謙譲語) of 持つ (to carry/hold). The pattern お+V-stem+する is the standard humble construction. '私が荷物をお持ちします' means 'I will carry your luggage' (speaking humbly to a teacher).

• 1です is the polite copula and cannot follow お持ち in this humble-form pattern.
• 2います is the continuous aspect auxiliary and does not form a humble expression here; 'お持ちいます' is ungrammatical.
• 4なります is used for respectful (尊敬語) forms like お持ちになります (someone of higher status carries), but the speaker is offering to carry the luggage themselves, so humble form is required.

• お持ちします（おもちします） — I will carry (humble form of 持つ)
• 謙譲語けんじょうご — humble language (kenjougo)

The correct answer is 3 かわりに. The pattern V-る かわりに means 'instead of doing ~' or 'in place of ~'. The sentence means: 'Instead of working on Sunday, please let me take tomorrow off.' The speaker is trading one obligation for another — working Sunday in place of taking tomorrow off — so かわりに fits perfectly.

• 1とおりに means 'just as ~ / according to ~' (V-る とおりに). It would mean 'just as you work on Sunday,' which makes no sense here.
• 2ところに means 'just when ~ / at the point when ~' (V-る ところに). It does not express substitution and is grammatically/semantically wrong here.
• 4かたちに is not a productive grammar pattern meaning 'instead of.' かたちに（する） means 'in the form of ~,' which does not fit.

• 出勤しゅっきんする — to go to work, to report for work
• 休やすませてください — please let me take the day off (causative form of 休む)
• 〜かわりに — instead of ~; in place of ~

The correct answer is 4 うえで. The pattern V-た うえで means 'after doing ~, then (do something)' — doing the first action as a prerequisite before the next. The sentence means: 'After consulting with my family, I will give you my reply.' Consulting comes first, then the reply, so うえで is correct.

• 1もとで means 'under ~' (e.g., 先生のもとで = under one's teacher). It does not mean 'after doing.'
• 2なかで means 'inside/among ~' and is not a grammar pattern meaning 'after doing.'
• 3そとで means 'outside ~' and is not a valid pattern here.

• 相談そうだんする — to consult, to discuss
• 返事へんじする — to reply, to give an answer
• 〜うえで — after doing ~ (as a prerequisite before the next action)