N2 Grammar · Test 25

あきらめるしかない means 'have no choice but to give up.' 'もうあきらめるしかないのか' = 'Is there nothing for it but to give up now?' After searching for over a week without finding the ring, the speaker resigns themselves to the situation. しかない expresses 'the only option.'

• 2あきらめたこともある means 'I have also given up (before),' describing past experience. This does not fit the current situation of resignation.
• 3あきらめるはずがない means 'there is no way I would give up,' expressing strong refusal to give up. This contradicts the context of someone who has searched extensively and is now ready to give up.
• 4あきらめがたい means 'hard to give up,' expressing reluctance. While emotionally plausible, it does not grammatically fit 'もう～のか' (asking whether one must do something); it would need a different sentence structure.

• しかない — have no choice but to ~ / the only option is to ~
• はずがない — there is no way ~ / impossible that ~
• がたい — hard to ~ / difficult to ~ (attached to verb stem)
• あきらめる — to give up
• 指輪ゆびわ — ring

The correct answer is 2. お越しいただきました. The sentence means 'At the study meeting the other day, we had Professor Ishikawa Haruko of ABC University, who specializes in social welfare research, come (as a guest).' The key is the particle に after 先生. This signals that the speaker's group is the subject performing a humble action toward the respected teacher. お越しいただきました is the humble pattern お越し（になる）+ いただく, meaning 'to receive the favor of (the respected person) coming.' This correctly combines respect for the teacher (お越し) with the speaker's humility (いただく).

• 1参りました is humble for 'went/came,' but it refers to the speaker's own action, not the teacher's. It would mean 'I went to the teacher,' which doesn't fit the context of inviting/having the teacher come to the study meeting.
• 3おいでくださいました is respectful (sonkeigo) for 'came,' treating the teacher as the subject. However, the particle に before the verb requires a structure where the speaker receives the teacher's action (〜に〜ていただく), not a direct respectful verb with the teacher as subject (which would need が).
• 4いらっしゃいました is respectful (sonkeigo) for 'was present/came/went.' Like option 3, it treats the teacher as the grammatical subject, but the particle に makes this structure unnatural. If the teacher were the subject, the sentence would need 先生がいらっしゃいました, not 先生にいらっしゃいました.

• お越しになる（おこしになる） — honorific: to come/to go (respectful form of 来る/行く)
• 〜ていただく — humble: to receive the favor of someone doing something (shows respect to the doer)
• 参まいる — humble: to go/to come (humble form of 行く/来る)
• いらっしゃる — honorific: to be/to go/to come (respectful form of いる/行く/来る)

The correct answer is 4. というから. The sentence means 'Murayamaya is a popular shop for croquettes and there is always a line. It is surprising because they say that at most they sell as many as 1,000 a day.' The pattern 〜というから means 'because (people) say that 〜,' linking a reported/surprising fact to the speaker's reaction (驚きだ). Here, 売れるというから驚きだ = 'it's surprising because they say they sell (1,000 a day).'

• 1となってでも is not a natural grammatical pattern. となって would mean 'becoming,' and でも adds 'even,' but this combination does not connect logically to 驚きだ.
• 2とするには means 'in order to suppose that 〜' or 'when trying to 〜,' which does not fit the context of expressing surprise at a reported fact.
• 3とあったほど is ungrammatical in this context. とあった would mean 'it was written/said that,' but ほど does not connect properly to 驚きだ in this sentence structure.

• 〜というから — because [people] say that 〜; the pattern links a reported fact to the speaker's emotional reaction
• 行列ぎょうれつができる — a line forms (of people waiting)
• 驚おどろき — surprise, amazement

The correct answer is 1. 降ってもいいように. The sentence means 'I always carry a folding umbrella so that it is fine even if it rains at any time.' The pattern 〜てもいいように means 'so that it is okay even if 〜 happens.' Here, いつ雨が降ってもいいように = 'so that it's fine even if it rains at any time.' The ように expresses purpose/preparation, and てもいい means 'it's okay even if.'

• 2降っているとすると means 'if we suppose it is raining,' which is a conditional supposition, not a purpose/preparation expression. It does not connect to 持ち歩いている as a reason for carrying an umbrella.
• 3降らないせいで means 'because of the fault that it doesn't rain,' which is illogical — you would not carry an umbrella because it is NOT raining.
• 4降ることがないのに means 'even though it never rains,' which contradicts the purpose of carrying an umbrella. The speaker carries one precisely because rain is possible.

• 〜てもいいように — so that it is okay even if 〜 (expresses preparation/contingency)
• 折り畳み傘（おりたたみがさ） — folding umbrella
• 持ち歩く（もちあるく） — to carry around (habitually)

The correct answer is 3. めんどうくさがらずに. The sentence means 'Around age 3, children ask more questions like "Why?" and "How?", but without finding it troublesome, make sure to answer them properly.' The verb めんどうくさがる means 'to feel/find something troublesome/bothersome.' Adding ずに (without doing) gives めんどうくさがらずに = 'without finding it bothersome.' This naturally connects to きちんと答えてあげましょう (answer them properly).

• 1めんどうくさくなくて is grammatically awkward here. くなくて is the negative て-form of an i-adjective, meaning 'not troublesome and...' It does not convey the intended 'without feeling bothered' nuance and does not connect smoothly to the imperative/advisory 答えてあげましょう.
• 2めんどうくさくなるのが means 'the fact that it becomes troublesome,' which would be a noun phrase, not an adverbial modifier. It cannot connect to 答えてあげましょう in this sentence.
• 4めんどうくさがっていては means 'if you keep finding it troublesome,' which implies a negative condition. While this could theoretically lead to a warning, the sentence ends with the positive advice きちんと答えてあげましょう, so the 'without finding it bothersome' (ずに) form is the correct fit.

• めんどうくさがる — to find something troublesome/bothersome (verb form of the adjective めんどうくさい)
• 〜ずに — without doing 〜 (negative adverbial form)
• きちんと — properly, neatly, correctly

The correct answer is 1 (お越しくださいました). お越し is a sonkeigo (honorific) noun derived from 来る/行く, meaning 'the act of coming/visiting.' お越しくださいました is the honorific form the inn staff uses to welcome the guest: 'Welcome — thank you for coming.' The staff elevates the guest's action of coming, which is the correct direction of politeness.

• 2お伺いしました is kenjougo (humble) for 'I went/visited.' If the staff said this, it would mean 'I (the staff) visited,' which is backwards — the guest is the one who came to the inn.
• 3お呼びいただきました means 'you (humble side) called me,' i.e., it treats the guest as having called the staff. This is not what happened and uses the wrong direction of keigo.
• 4お迎えしました is humble form of 迎える, meaning 'I (humbly) welcomed/picked up.' While staff might 'welcome' guests, the set phrase for greeting arriving guests is ようこそお越しくださいました (honorific toward the guest's coming). お迎えしました would describe the staff's own action, not honor the guest's arrival.

• 従業員じゅうぎょういん — employee/staff
• お越し（おこし） — coming/visiting (honorific noun from 来る)
• お越しくださいました（おこしくださいました） — (honorific) you have come / thank you for coming
• お伺いしました（おうかがいしました） — (humble) I visited / I called on
• ようこそ — welcome

登っているから uses ～ている to express a continuing state/result of a past experience: 'since I have already climbed (it).' B is saying they climbed Oyama once three years ago, so they'd prefer a different mountain now. The combination ～ている＋から ('since I have done~') perfectly expresses this reasoning.

• 1登ってみる means 'try climbing.' With から it would mean 'since I'll try climbing,' which is future/volitional and doesn't express a past experience.
• 2登ってくる means 'go climb and come back.' This is a directional action verb, not an expression of past experience.
• 3登っていく means 'go (and keep) climbing,' another directional action verb. It doesn't convey 'I have already climbed it.'

• 登のぼっている — have climbed (state/result of a past action, used for experience)
• 登のぼってみる — try climbing
• 登のぼってくる — go climb and come back
• 登のぼっていく — go climb (away from speaker)

へと indicates a direction of movement or expansion, with と adding a sense of transformation or sequential shift. 世界へと広げている means 'expanding (their activities) toward the world.' This is a common pattern for expressing spread/expansion to a target.

• 1でと is not a valid grammatical combination in this context. で marks location of action, not direction of expansion.
• 3からも means 'from (somewhere) also,' which would imply expansion originating from the world, the opposite of the intended meaning.
• 4ほども is not a valid expression; it appears to be a distractor combining ほど and も incorrectly.

• へと — to/toward (directional particle へ + と, emphasizing direction of change/movement)
• 広ひろげている — expanding, broadening
• 活動かつどう — activities

なったおかげで means 'thanks to becoming (an instructor).' おかげで expresses a positive cause-and-effect: 'thanks to X, I was able to learn/realize Y.' The verb must be なる (to become) because one becomes a 講師 (instructor), not する. The result—learning that teaching is difficult but fun—is positive, so おかげで is appropriate.

• 1なったかぎり is ungrammatical. ～かぎり means 'as long as~' or 'to the extent of~,' which doesn't fit the causal relationship here.
• 2したかぎり uses the wrong verb (する instead of なる) and the wrong grammar (かぎり instead of おかげで). You 'become' an instructor (講師になる), not 'do' one.
• 3したおかげで uses the wrong verb (する instead of なる). One does not する a 講師; one なる a 講師.

• 講師こうし — instructor, lecturer
• ～おかげで — thanks to~ (positive causal: because of X, a good result occurred)
• なる — to become
• ～かぎり — as long as~ / to the extent of~

やらなくてはいけないことがやれないときもある means 'there are also times when one can't do things one must do.' The structure is: [やらなくてはいけないこと]が[やれないとき]もある. The が marks the subject of やれない. This contrasts naturally with 失敗もする ('also makes mistakes'): anyone fails, and anyone also has times they can't do what they must.

• 1やるなと言われたことが means 'things one was told not to do.' This doesn't contrast with 失敗 and doesn't make logical sense: being told not to do something and then not being able to do it is not a natural struggle.
• 2やるなと言われたのは uses のは, which cannot function as the subject marker が before やれない. The sentence would be grammatically broken.
• 4やらなくてはならないのは uses のは instead of が, making it grammatically incorrect in this sentence structure where が is needed as the subject of やれない.

• やらなくてはいけない — must do (obligation)
• 失敗しっぱい — mistake, failure
• だれだって — anyone (emphatic: whoever it is)