N5 Grammar · Test 2

の is the correct particle. It links two nouns, N1 の N2, meaning 'N2 of N1' or describing N2 with N1. Here, 日本のラーメン means 'Japanese ramen' (ramen of/in Japan). The sentence means 'Japanese ramen is delicious.'

• 1に marks a location of existence or destination, not a modifier between nouns. 日本にラーメンは… would mean 'In Japan, ramen is…,' which is grammatically incomplete and unnatural here.
• 3を marks the direct object of a transitive verb. There is no verb taking ラーメン as a direct object in this sentence.
• 4へ marks direction/destination of movement. It cannot link two nouns.

• 日本にほん — Japan
• ラーメン（らーめん） — ramen (noodle soup)
• おいしい — delicious, tasty

と is the correct particle. It connects nouns in an exhaustive list: N1 と N2 means 'N1 and N2.' 弟と妹です means '(They are) a younger brother and a younger sister.' This matches the context that the speaker has two siblings.

• 1は is the topic marker. 弟は妹です would mean 'As for the younger brother, (he) is a younger sister,' which makes no sense.
• 2も means 'also/too.' 弟も妹です would mean 'The younger brother is also a younger sister,' which is illogical.
• 4か is the question/listing particle meaning 'or.' 弟か妹です would mean '(They are) a younger brother or a younger sister,' which does not fit since the speaker has two siblings.

• きょうだい — siblings
• 弟おとうと — younger brother
• 妹いもうと — younger sister

は is the correct particle. It marks the topic of the sentence. 田中さんは… means 'As for Tanaka-san,…' Yamashita is asking Tanaka a question about himself: 'Did you go somewhere yesterday?'

• 1で marks means, location of action, or a group doing something together. It does not mark the person being addressed.
• 3を marks the direct object of a transitive verb. 田中さん is not the object of 出かける.
• 4に marks destination or recipient. It does not fit here as a topic marker for the person addressed.

• 出でかける — to go out, to leave
• どこか — somewhere

に is the correct particle. After a direction word, に indicates the direction in which an action is performed: 右にまがる means 'to turn to the right.' The full sentence means 'Please turn right at the next corner.'

• 1が marks the subject of a verb. 右がまがって would make 右 the subject of 'turn,' which is grammatically wrong here.
• 2や means 'and' (non-exhaustive list) for nouns. It cannot connect a direction word to a verb.
• 3か means 'or' for nouns or marks a question. Neither fits before まがって.

• かど — corner
• 右みぎ — right (direction)
• まがる — to turn (a corner)

で is the correct particle. で marks means or method. ひとりで is a set phrase meaning 'by oneself / alone.' The sentence means 'Yesterday, I went to see a movie by myself.'

• 1が marks the subject. ひとりが would make 'one person' the subject, which does not fit the sentence structure.
• 2を marks the direct object. ひとりを is grammatically incorrect here.
• 4は is the topic marker. ひとりは would mean 'as for one person,' which is unnatural and does not convey 'by oneself.'

• ひとりで — by oneself, alone
• えいが — movie
• 見に行く（みにいく） — to go to see (something)

The correct sentence is: くだものはどこにありますか。('Where are the fruits?') The full order is: くだもの [3.は] [1.どこ] [4.に] [2.あります] か. The ★ slot is the 4th piece, which is に (option 4). The pattern どこにありますか is a standard N5 question asking where something is located.

• 1どこ ('where') goes in the 2nd slot, right after は, forming くだものはどこ…
• 2あります ('exist/is') goes in the 4th slot after に, forming …にありますか
• 3は (topic marker) goes in the 1st slot right after くだもの, marking 'fruits' as the topic: くだものは…

• くだもの — fruit
• どこ — where
• あります — there is (for inanimate objects)
• に — particle indicating location of existence

The correct sentence is: となりのへやでギターのれんしゅうをしています。('He is practicing guitar in the next room.') The full order is: となりのへやで [3.ギター] [2.の] [1.れんしゅう] [4.を] しています. The ★ slot is the 3rd piece, which is れんしゅう (option 1). The pattern NのN (ギターのれんしゅう = 'guitar practice') connects the instrument to the activity, and を marks the object of しています.

• 2の (possessive/linking particle) goes in the 2nd slot, linking ギター and れんしゅう: ギターのれんしゅう
• 3ギター ('guitar') goes in the 1st slot right after で: となりのへやでギター…
• 4を (object marker) goes in the 4th slot, marking れんしゅう as the object of しています: …れんしゅうをしています

• れんしゅう — practice
• ギター — guitar
• の — linking particle (NのN)
• を — object marker particle

The correct sentence is: 会社へ何で行っていますか。('How do you go to the company?') The full order is: 会社 [3.へ] [4.何] [1.で] 行っていますか. The ★ slot is the 2nd piece, which is 何 (option 4). The pattern 何で ('by what means') asks about the transportation method, and B answers あるいて ('on foot'), confirming this interpretation.

• 1で (means/by) goes in the 3rd slot after 何: 何で行っていますか
• 2は (topic marker) does not fit here. The sentence needs へ (direction) and 何で (by what means), not a topic marker.
• 3へ (direction particle, 'to') goes in the 1st slot right after 会社: 会社へ…

• 会社かいしゃ — company/workplace
• 何なに — what
• へ — to (direction particle)
• で — by (means particle)
• あるいて — on foot / walking

The correct sentence is: ここまではかんたんでしたが、さいごのもんだいがむずかしいです。('Up to here was easy, but the last question is difficult.') The full order is: ここ [4.まで] [1.は] [2.かんたんでした] [3.が]、さいごのもんだいがむずかしいです。 The ★ slot is the 3rd piece, which is かんたんでした (option 2). The pattern ここまでは ('up to here') sets the range, かんたんでした ('was easy') describes it, and が ('but') connects to the contrasting clause about the last question being difficult.

• 1は (topic marker) goes in the 2nd slot after まで: ここまでは…
• 3が (conjunction 'but') goes in the 4th slot, connecting the two clauses: …かんたんでしたが、
• 4まで ('until/up to') goes in the 1st slot right after ここ: ここまで…

• まで — until / up to
• かんたんでした — was easy (past tense of かんたん)
• が — but (conjunction connecting two clauses)
• さいご — last / final
• もんだい — question / problem
• むずかしい — difficult

The correct sentence is: わたしはもう少し日本語がかんたんな本がいいです。('I'd like a book that is a little easier in Japanese.') The full order is: もう少し [4.日本語] [3.が] [2.かんたんな] [1.本] がいいです。 The ★ slot is the 3rd piece, which is かんたんな (option 2). The pattern is a relative clause: 日本語がかんたんな本 ('a book where the Japanese is easy'). Here が inside the relative clause marks the subject, かんたんな modifies 本, and the outer が before いいです marks the desired thing.

• 1本 ('book') goes in the 4th slot, as the head noun being modified by the relative clause: …かんたんな本がいいです
• 3が (subject marker, inner) goes in the 2nd slot after 日本語: 日本語がかんたんな…
• 4日本語 ('Japanese language') goes in the 1st slot right after もう少し: もう少し日本語が…

• かんたんな — easy (na-adjective modifying a noun)
• 日本語にほんご — Japanese language
• 本ほん — book
• が — subject marker (inner clause) / desired-thing marker before いいです
• もう少し（もうすこし） — a little more