N5 Grammar · Test 5

の links two nouns, so 日本のラーメン means 'Japanese ramen' / 'ramen of Japan.' The sentence says 'Japanese ramen is delicious.'

• 1に marks a destination or location of existence, not a noun-linking particle. 日本にラーメン would mean 'ramen in Japan,' which is grammatically incomplete here.
• 3を marks the direct object of a verb. There is no verb taking ラーメン as a direct object in this sentence.
• 4へ marks direction of movement. It cannot link two nouns.

• 日本にほん — Japan
• ラーメン（らーめん） — ramen (noodle soup)
• おいしい — delicious, tasty

と means 'and,' connecting two nouns. 弟と妹です means 'It's a younger brother and a younger sister.' This fits the context: the speaker has two siblings.

• 1は is the topic marker. 弟は妹です would mean 'As for the younger brother, (he) is a younger sister,' which makes no sense.
• 2も means 'also/too.' 弟も妹です would mean 'The younger brother is also a younger sister,' which is illogical.
• 4か means 'or,' listing alternatives. 弟か妹です would mean 'It's a younger brother or a younger sister,' which does not match the statement that there are two siblings.

• きょうだい — siblings
• 弟おとうと — younger brother
• 妹いもうと — younger sister

は marks the topic of the sentence. 田中さんは makes 'Tanaka-san' the topic: 'Tanaka-san, did you go somewhere yesterday?' This is the natural way to address someone and ask about them.

• 1で marks means/location of action. 田中さんで would not function as a topic marker in this question.
• 3を marks a direct object. There is no transitive verb taking 田中さん as an object here.
• 4に marks a destination or indirect object. 田中さんに would mean 'to Tanaka-san,' which does not fit a question directed at Tanaka.

• 出でかける — to go out
• きのう — yesterday

に marks the direction/result of an action with まがる. 右にまがってください means 'Please turn to the right.' This is a fixed pattern: (direction)にまがる.

• 1が marks the subject. 右がまがる would mean 'the right turns,' which is not what is intended.
• 2や means 'and' (non-exhaustive list). It cannot connect a direction to a verb.
• 3か means 'or.' 右かまがる is grammatically incorrect here.

• かど — corner
• 右みぎ — right (direction)
• まがる — to turn (a corner)

で marks the state/condition in which an action is performed. ひとりで means 'by oneself / alone.' The sentence means 'Yesterday I went to see a movie by myself.'

• 1が marks the subject. ひとりが would make 'one person' the subject, which does not fit the sentence structure.
• 2を marks a direct object. ひとりを is grammatically wrong here.
• 4は is the topic marker. ひとりは would mean 'as for one person,' which does not express 'alone.'

• ひとり — one person; alone
• えいが — movie
• 見に行く（みにいく） — to go to see

The correct sentence is 「くだものはどこにありますか」(Where are the fruits?). The full order is: くだもの + は(3) + どこ(1) + に(4) + あります(2) + か. The ★ is in the third position, so the answer is option 4 (に). The particle に marks the location where something exists, which is required by the verb あります.

• 1どこ (where) goes in the second blank, right after は, forming the question word 'where'.
• 2あります (there is/are) goes in the fourth blank, as the main verb of existence.
• 3は (topic marker) goes in the first blank, marking くだもの as the topic of the question.

• くだもの — fruit
• あります — there is/are (inanimate existence verb)
• どこ — where

The correct sentence is 「となりのへやでギターのれんしゅうをしています」(He/She is practicing guitar in the next room). The full order is: ギター(3) + の(2) + れんしゅう(1) + を(4) + しています. The ★ is in the third position, so the answer is option 1 (れんしゅう). The noun れんしゅう is modified by ギターの (guitar's) and takes the object particle を before the verb しています.

• 2の (possessive/linking particle) goes in the second blank, connecting ギター and れんしゅう (guitar practice).
• 3ギター (guitar) goes in the first blank, as the noun that modifies れんしゅう via の.
• 4を (object marker) goes in the fourth blank, marking れんしゅう as the object of しています.

• れんしゅう — practice
• ギター — guitar
• となりのへや — next room / neighboring room

The correct sentence is 「会社へは何で行っていますか」(How do you go to work?). The full order is: 会社 + へ(3) + は(2) + 何(4) + で(1) + 行っていますか. The ★ is in the third position, so the answer is option 4 (何). Here へは combines the direction particle へ with the topic particle は, and 何で means 'by what means' (asking about transportation method). B's answer 'あるいて行っています' (I go by walking) confirms this is asking about means of transportation.

• 1で (means/by) goes in the fourth blank, following 何 to form 何で (by what means).
• 2は (topic marker) goes in the second blank, attached to へ to form へは, marking 'going to the company' as the topic.
• 3へ (direction particle, 'to') goes in the first blank, indicating the destination 会社.

• 何なにで — by what means / how
• あるいて — on foot / by walking (te-form of あるく)
• 行いっています — are going (ongoing/habitual action)

The correct sentence is 「ここまではかんたんでしたが、さいごのもんだいがむずかしいです」(Up to here was easy, but the last problem is difficult). The full order is: ここ + まで(4) + は(1) + かんたんでした(2) + が(3) + さいごの もんだいが むずかしいです. The ★ is in the third position, so the answer is option 2 (かんたんでした). The structure 〜までは〜が〜 pattern contrasts the part up to a certain point with what follows.

• 1は (topic marker) goes in the second blank, attached to まで to form までは, marking 'up to here' as the topic.
• 3が (conjunction 'but') goes in the fourth blank, connecting the two clauses: 'it was easy' BUT 'the last problem is difficult'.
• 4まで (until/up to) goes in the first blank, indicating the extent 'up to here'.

• かんたんでした — was easy (past polite of かんたん)
• まで — until / up to
• さいご — last / end
• もんだい — problem / question

The correct sentence is 「もう少し日本語がかんたんな本がいいです」(A book that is a little easier in Japanese would be good). The full order is: もう少し + 日本語(4) + が(3) + かんたんな(2) + 本(1) + が いいです. The ★ is in the third position, so the answer is option 2 (かんたんな). This is a relative clause structure where 日本語がかんたんな modifies 本 (a book in which Japanese is easy).

• 1本 (book) goes in the fourth blank, as the head noun modified by the relative clause 日本語がかんたんな.
• 3が (subject marker) goes in the second blank, marking 日本語 as the subject within the relative clause (Japanese is easy).
• 4日本語 (Japanese language) goes in the first blank, as the subject of the relative clause describing the book.

• かんたんな — easy (na-adjective modifying a noun)
• もう少し（もうすこし） — a little more
• 日本語にほんご — Japanese language