N5 Grammar · Test 33

A says 'I caught a cold and have had a headache since yesterday.' B responds with a sympathetic expression. たいへんですね ('That's tough / That sounds hard') is the natural expression of sympathy/concern for someone's illness or difficulty. It fits perfectly as a compassionate reply.

• 1いたいですね ('That hurts, doesn't it') would describe B's own pain or comment on pain abstractly. It is not a natural sympathetic response to someone reporting their headache.
• 2すみませんね ('I'm sorry') implies B is apologizing for something B did. Since B did not cause the cold, this is not appropriate as a sympathy expression here.
• 4わるいですね ('That's bad') can sound blunt or even slightly accusatory/insensitive. While it acknowledges the situation, it is not the standard sympathetic expression used for someone's illness in Japanese.

• 風邪かぜをひく — to catch a cold
• 頭あたま — head
• 痛いたい — painful, sore
• 大変たいへん — tough, difficult, terrible (used to express sympathy)

A invites B to see a movie together tomorrow. B begins with あしたは ちょっと… ('Tomorrow is a bit…'), which is a classic soft-refusal pattern in Japanese. The natural completion is しごとが あります ('I have work'), giving a reason why B cannot go. This is the standard polite way to decline an invitation.

• 2時間が いいです ('The time is good') would actually sound like agreement, contradicting the hesitation cue ちょっと. It does not function as a refusal.
• 3えいがが あります ('There is a movie') does not make sense as a reason to decline seeing a movie. If anything, it would support going, not refusing.
• 4いっしょに いいです ('Together is fine') expresses agreement, which contradicts the soft-refusal pattern set up by ちょっと. It is not a valid way to decline.

• 映画えいが — movie, film
• 一緒いっしょに — together
• ちょっと — a little; (in declining) it's a bit… (soft refusal marker)
• 仕事しごと — work, job

A says 'Please don't enter that room' (入らないで ください). B should acknowledge this instruction. わかりました ('I understand / Understood') is the natural and correct response to comply with a request or instruction. It shows B has understood and will follow the instruction.

• 1すみませんが ('I'm sorry, but…') is an incomplete utterance. It would need to be followed by something (e.g., a reason or a request). On its own, it does not properly acknowledge the instruction.
• 3ごめんください ('Excuse me / Is anyone home?') is used when visiting someone's house or calling out to get attention. It is not a response to an instruction.
• 4しつれいします ('Excuse me') is used when entering/leaving a room or taking leave. Ironically, saying this in response to 'don't enter' would be inappropriate, as it is typically said when entering a room.

• 部屋へや — room
• 入はいる — to enter
• 〜ないでください — please do not ~
• 分わかる — to understand

A says 'Let's take a short break' (休みましょう - volitional form, suggesting an action together). B responds with ええ (yes, agreeing) and then そうですね ('That's right / That sounds good'). そうですね is the natural agreement expression when someone makes a suggestion. Together, ええ、そうですね means 'Yes, that's a good idea.'

• 1休みました ('(I/we) rested') is past tense, stating that a rest already happened. This does not fit as a response to a suggestion to rest now.
• 2そうでしょう ('That's probably so') expresses conjecture or seeking confirmation about something B is unsure of. It is not an agreement response to a suggestion.
• 3休みません ('(I) will not rest') is a direct refusal, which contradicts the agreeing ええ at the beginning of B's response. It is inconsistent.

• 休やすむ — to rest, to take a break
• 〜ましょう — let's ~ (volitional/suggestion form)
• そうですね — that's right; that sounds good (agreement)

The correct answer is 2. どう. A is asking B how to operate the tape recorder: 「これはどうつかいますか」= 'How do you use this?' B then gives step-by-step instructions ('First, press that button'), which confirms that A asked about the method/way to use it. どう is the standard question word for 'how (by what method)' at this level.

• 1なぜ (naze) means 'why.' A is not asking for a reason; B's answer gives instructions, not a reason, so this does not fit.
• 3どんなに (donnani) means 'to what extent / how much' and is used for degree, not for asking a method. It is also too advanced for this level and does not fit the sentence pattern here.
• 4なにが (naniga) means 'what (subject).' It does not pair naturally with つかいますか in this context; A already knows 'what' is used (the tape recorder) and is asking 'how.'

• どう — how (by what method)
• なぜ — why
• どんなに — to what extent; how much
• なにが — what (subject marker)

The pattern V-ます stem + に行きます means 'go in order to do V.' Here, かえし is the ます-stem of かえします (to return something), and に marks the purpose. So としょかんへ 本を かえしに行きます means 'I will go to the library to return the books.'

• 1へ is a directional particle ('to/toward'), but it cannot connect a verb stem to 行く in a purpose construction.
• 2で marks means or location of action, not purpose for going somewhere.
• 4を marks the direct object of a verb. It cannot link a verb stem to 行く.

• としょかん — library
• かえします（返します） — to return (something)
• V-ます stem + に行く — go in order to do V (purpose pattern)

から means 'because,' giving the reason for the main clause. 雨がふっているから、きょうは出かけません means 'Because it is raining, I won't go out today.' The first clause states the cause, and the second states the result.

• 2など means 'such as / things like,' used to give non-exhaustive examples. It does not express reason.
• 3では can mean 'then / in that case' or form a negative (ではありません), but it does not connect a reason to a result.
• 4まで means 'until' or 'as far as,' indicating a limit or endpoint, not a reason.

• あめ — rain
• ふる（降る） — to fall (rain, snow)
• でかける（出かける） — to go out
• から — because (gives reason for the following clause)