N5 Grammar · Test 62

The question だれがかきましたか asks 'WHO drew (this)?' The correct answer must identify the person. わたしがかきました = 'I drew it,' directly answering 'who' with わたし (I) marked by が.

• 1山のえをかきました = 'I drew a mountain picture.' This answers 'what did you draw,' not 'who drew it.'
• 3きのうかきました = 'I drew it yesterday.' This answers 'when,' not 'who.'
• 4先生にかきました is ungrammatical/unnatural. If meaning 'the teacher drew it,' it should be 先生がかきました. 先生に would imply the teacher is the recipient, which doesn't fit かく (to draw).

• だれ — who
• わたし — I, me

わたしがか... no — わかりました = 'Understood / OK.' When someone makes a request (とってください 'please pass me'), the natural response is わかりました, acknowledging and agreeing to the request. It is the standard polite reply meaning 'I understand / certainly.'

• 1わかります = 'I understand (in general).' While related, as a response to a specific request, わかりました (past/polite completion) is the natural and idiomatic reply, not the present-tense わかります.
• 2そうです = 'That's right / it is so.' This agrees with a statement, not a response to a request.
• 3そうですか = 'Is that so? / I see.' This expresses surprise or acknowledgment of new information, not agreement to a request.

• わかりました — Understood; certainly (polite acknowledgment of a request)
• とってください — please take/pass (me) it

A says えいがが見たいですね = 'I want to see a movie.' B responds with じゃ (then) + あした見に行きませんか = 'Shall we go see one tomorrow?' This naturally follows: since A wants to see a movie, B suggests going together. 見に行きませんか is an invitation using the negative question form.

• 1新しいえいががほしいです = 'I want a new movie.' This states a desire for possession (ほしい), not a natural follow-up to someone saying they want to watch a movie.
• 2わたしは見たくないでしょう = 'I probably don't want to see it.' This contradicts A's desire and is an odd, dismissive response after じゃ (then).
• 4見ないでください = 'Please don't see it.' This directly contradicts A's wish and makes no sense after じゃ (then).

• 見みたい — want to see/watch (たい form of 見る)
• 見に行きませんか（みにいきませんか） — shall we go see (it)? (invitation)
• じゃ — then, in that case

The question is 'このへんにポストはありますか' (Is there a post box around here?). Option 1 'あそこにあります' (There is one over there) directly answers the existence question by indicating where the post box is. This is the natural, grammatically correct response to an 'ありますか' question.

• 2はい、ポストです (Yes, it's a post box) responds as if asked 'Is this a post box?' rather than 'Is there a post box?' — wrong question type.
• 3あそこにありません (There isn't one over there) denies existence, but the natural flow of this dialogue implies B is helping A find the post box, so an affirmative answer fits.
• 4いいえ、ポストじゃありません (No, it's not a post box) again responds to an identity question (Is this a post box?), not an existence question (Is there a post box?).

• ポスト — post box / mail box
• このへん — around here / this neighborhood
• あります — there is (inanimate object)

The pattern 〜て、こまる means 'I am troubled/inconvenienced by doing ~.' The te-form is required. わすれる (to forget) → わすれて is the te-form, so じしょを わすれて、こまりました means 'I forgot my dictionary and was troubled (by it).'

• 2わすれた is the plain past form (ta-form). It cannot be used to connect to こまりました in this pattern; the te-form is required to express the cause of the trouble.
• 3わすれる is the dictionary form. It does not provide the te-form connection needed before こまりました.
• 4わすれないで is the negative te-form ('without forgetting'). This would mean 'I was troubled without forgetting my dictionary,' which is illogical and does not fit the context.

• わすれる — to forget
• こまる（困る）（こまる） — to be troubled, to be in trouble
• じしょ（辞書） — dictionary

The pattern is 「～は～ではありません」, the polite negative of です. 好き(すき) is a na-adjective, so its negative form is 好きではありません. The full sentence means 'I do not like sports.' Option 4 「すきでは」completes this pattern correctly.

• 1すきく would be the adverbial form of an i-adjective, but 好き is a na-adjective, so this form does not exist.
• 2すきにありません is grammatically incorrect; na-adjectives do not take に in the negative.
• 3すきにはありません is also incorrect; inserting に is not valid for the negative of a na-adjective.

• 好すき — likeable, liked (na-adjective)
• ～ではありません — is not (polite negative of です)

Option 3 (しまっています) is correct. しまる is an intransitive verb meaning 'to close/be closed.' With ドアが (door + が, marking the subject of an intransitive verb), しまっています expresses the resultant state: 'The door is closed.' The 〜ている form of an intransitive verb describes a state that resulted from a change.

• 1しめます is the dictionary/present form of しめる (transitive 'to close'). With が it would mean 'the door closes,' which is unnatural, and it lacks the state-expression needed here.
• 2しめています is progressive of the transitive verb しめる. It would mean 'someone is closing (the door),' but ドアが marks the door as the subject, not the object (を), so this is grammatically mismatched.
• 4しまってあります incorrectly pairs 〜てある (used with transitive verbs to show intentional resultant state) with しまる, which is intransitive. 〜てある requires a transitive verb like しめる.

• しまる — to close (intransitive)
• しめる — to close (transitive)
• 〜ている — (with intransitive verbs) state resulting from a change
• 〜てある — (with transitive verbs) resultant state of an intentional action

Option 1 (いた) is correct. The sentence has きのう (yesterday) and たぶん〜でしょう (probably...right?), expressing past conjecture. でしょう attaches to the plain past form いた (was) to say 'Suzuki was probably at home yesterday.'

• 2いて is the て-form of いる. The て-form cannot directly precede でしょう; it is used for connecting clauses or making requests, not for conjecture.
• 3いる is the plain present form. Since きのう (yesterday) sets a past context, the present tense does not match.
• 4います is the polite present form. でしょう follows plain forms, not polite ます forms, and the tense is wrong for きのう.

• たぶん — probably
• でしょう — (conjecture) probably; I suppose
• いる — to be (location/existence of a person)

Option 1 (あつい) is correct. Before とき (when), you use the plain form. For い-adjectives, the plain present is the adjective itself: あつい + とき = あついとき ('when it is hot'). The main verb 飲みます is present/habitual, so the adjective should also be present tense: 'When it is hot, I drink cold coffee.'

• 2あついの adds の, which is unnecessary and ungrammatical here. の would nominalize, but とき directly follows the adjective form.
• 3あついだ is ungrammatical. い-adjectives do not take だ; only な-adjectives and nouns do. The correct plain form is simply あつい.
• 4あつかった is the plain past form. It would mean 'when it WAS hot,' which does not match the habitual present 飲みます ('I drink').

• あつい — hot (temperature/weather)
• 〜とき — when; at the time of
• つめたい — cold (to the touch, e.g. drinks)