N5 Grammar · Test 63

Option 3 (あびて) is correct. The pattern V-てから means 'after doing V.' Here, あびて + から = あびてから ('after taking a shower'). The full sentence means 'I always sleep after taking a shower.' The て-form is required before から to express this sequential action.

• 1あびる is the dictionary form. あびるから would mean 'because I take a shower,' using から as 'because,' which is grammatically possible but semantically unnatural and not the intended V-てから pattern.
• 2あびた is the plain past form. あびたから would mean 'because I took a shower,' which is semantically odd and does not form the V-てから sequence pattern.
• 4あびます is the polite ます form. It cannot directly precede から in this pattern, and mixing polite form with the plain-style sentence ending ねます is inconsistent.

• あびる — to take (a shower/bath)
• 〜てから — after doing ~
• シャワー — shower

Option 2 (話し) is correct. The pattern 〜ながら ('while doing') attaches to the ます-stem of a verb. 話す → 話します → stem: 話し. So 話しながら means 'while talking.' The sentence means 'While talking with Yamakawa-san, I ate a meal.'

• 1話す is the dictionary form. 〜ながら requires the ます-stem, not the dictionary form.
• 3話して is the て-form. It cannot be used with 〜ながら; the て-form has its own separate functions (sequence, cause, request, etc.).
• 4話した is the plain past form. 〜ながら does not take past tense; it describes an ongoing simultaneous action.

• 〜ながら — while doing ~; simultaneously
• 話はなす — to talk/speak
• 話はなします — to talk/speak (polite form); stem = 話し(はなし)

Option 3 (あまり) is correct. あまり is used with negative predicates to mean 'not very/not particularly.' あまりさむくありませんでした = 'It was not very cold yesterday.' This is a standard 4級 grammar pattern: あまり + (negative form).

• 1よく means 'often' or 'well.' It does not pair with a negative adjective form like さむくありませんでした in this way.
• 2とても means 'very' and is used with affirmative expressions. Using it with a negative (さむくありませんでした) is contradictory and ungrammatical.
• 4たくさん means 'a lot/many' and is used for quantities or amounts. It does not modify adjectives like 寒い (cold).

• あまり — not very (used with negative)
• とても — very (used with affirmative)
• さむい — cold (weather/temperature)
• たくさん — a lot; many

まだ (still/not yet) is used with the negative form to mean 'not yet.' まだ はじまりません means 'The party has not started yet.' This is the standard pattern まだ + 〜ません.

• 1はじまります is the affirmative form. まだ with affirmative means 'still doing something,' but 'The party still starts' is unnatural and doesn't fit the context.
• 3はじまりました is the past affirmative. まだ はじまりました ('The party still started') is grammatically and semantically incorrect.
• 4はじまっています is the te-iru form (is currently starting/has started). While まだ〜ています can mean 'still doing,' saying 'the party is still starting' is unnatural in this context.

• まだ — still; not yet (with negative)
• はじまる — to begin, to start
• パーティー — party

どんな is a pre-noun modifier (連体詞) meaning 'what kind of.' どんな おんがくを 聞きますか = 'What kind of music do you listen to?' This is a natural and common question pattern at the 4級 level.

• 1どこ means 'where.' どこ おんがくを 聞きますか is ungrammatical — どこ is a question word that stands alone as a location; it cannot directly modify the noun おんがく. You would need どこで おんがくを 聞きますか ('Where do you listen to music?').
• 2どれ means 'which one' and is a pronoun that stands alone. It cannot directly modify a noun like おんがく. You would need どれの おんがく or restructure the sentence.
• 3どちら means 'which direction/which one (polite)' and is also a pronoun that cannot directly modify a noun.

• どんな — what kind of (used before a noun)
• おんがく — music
• 聞きく — to listen