N1 Grammar · Test 26

The correct option is 3. 「〜ないまでも」 is an N1 grammar pattern meaning 'even if it doesn't reach the point of ~, at least...'. The sentence means 'Even if it doesn't reach a solution, at least your feelings will become lighter (you will feel better).'

• 1「ほどでは」 is incomplete and incorrect. The correct pattern would be 「〜ほどではない」 (not to the extent of), which doesn't fit the 'even if not A, at least B' structure needed here.
• 2「ほどを」 is grammatically incorrect in this context. ほど is a noun but cannot be followed by を here.
• 4「までもが」 is incorrect because までも cannot be followed by the subject particle が in this pattern.

• 〜ないまでも — even if it doesn't reach the point of ~, at least...
• 整理せいりできる — can organize, can sort out
• 至いたる — to reach (a state or point)

Option 4 「洗ったつもりでも」is correct. つもりでも means 'even if/though one thinks/intends to have done something.' The sentence reads: 'Even if you think you've washed your hands properly, dirt often remains between your fingers.' This concessive meaning fits the context perfectly — the host is setting up the problem before introducing the correct hand-washing method.

• 1「洗えるとは」uses the potential form 洗える ('can wash') plus とは, which is used for quoting or expressing surprise. It does not fit grammatically or semantically here.
• 2「洗えるとのことで」again uses the potential form and とのことで ('on the grounds that / saying that'), which does not produce the needed concessive 'even though' meaning.
• 3「洗ったつもりだし」uses だし, which lists a reason ('and besides...'), not a concession. It would mean 'I think I washed my hands, and besides...' which does not connect logically to the following clause about dirt remaining.

• つもりでも — even if/though one thinks they have done something (concessive)
• きちんと — properly, carefully
• 意外いがいに — surprisingly, unexpectedly

Option 1 「食べるんじゃなかった」is correct. This is the standard regret pattern: V(辞書形) + んじゃなかった means 'I shouldn't have done ~' (expressing regret about a past action). The sentence reads: 'My stomach has been bad since this morning. I shouldn't have eaten ramen in the middle of the night.' The dictionary form 食べる + んじゃなかった conveys the speaker's regret.

• 2「食べられるんじゃなかった」uses the potential form 食べられる ('can eat'), which changes the meaning to 'I shouldn't have been able to eat ramen' — nonsensical in this context.
• 3「食べたうんじゃなかった」is not a valid grammatical form. It appears to be a transcription error (possibly intended as 食べたんじゃなかった). As written, it is ungrammatical and cannot be selected.
• 4「食べられたんじゃなかった」uses the potential/passive form 食べられた, which does not fit the regret-about-eating context.

• 〜んじゃなかった — should not have done ~ (regret about a past action); attached to the dictionary form of a verb
• 夜中よなか — middle of the night, late at night
• 胃の調子（いのちょうし） — condition of one's stomach

Option 1 「高まりつつある」is correct. 高まる is an intransitive verb meaning 'to rise/increase,' and 〜つつある indicates an ongoing, continuing process — 'is currently in the process of increasing.' The sentence reads: 'In recent years, due to global population growth, concern about future water shortages is rapidly increasing.' The intransitive verb 高まる correctly takes 関心 as its subject, and つつある conveys the ongoing trend.

• 2「高める見込みだ」uses the transitive verb 高める ('to raise/increase something'), which requires an agent performing the action. Since 関心 is the subject (marked by は), the intransitive 高まる is needed, not the transitive 高める.
• 3「高まるケースだ」means 'is a case of increasing,' which is grammatically possible but semantically inappropriate. The sentence describes a broad trend, not a specific 'case.'
• 4「高めることを余儀なくさせた」means 'forced (someone) to raise/increase,' which is overly complex and semantically wrong. The concern is rising naturally due to population growth, not being forced by an agent.

• 高たかまる — to rise, to increase (intransitive)
• 高たかめる — to raise, to increase (transitive)
• 〜つつある — is currently in the process of ~ing (ongoing change)
• 水不足みずぶそく — water shortage
• 急激きゅうげきに — rapidly, drastically

Option 2 「としている」is correct. としている here means 'is stating/considering (X) as (the cause).' The pattern 〜は…を原因としている means 'X is treating/stating Y as the cause.' The sentence reads: 'ABC Power is stating that the cause was a crane truck, which was working on construction, contacting the power lines.' This is the standard expression used in news reports for a company or authority officially identifying a cause.

• 1「になっている」means 'has become (the cause),' which describes a state change rather than an official statement by ABC Power. It does not convey the company's assertion.
• 3「にある」would need a different sentence structure: 原因は[電線に接触したこと]にある ('the cause lies in ~'). With ABC電力は as the topic, 原因にある does not connect properly — it would mean 'ABC Power is in the cause,' which is nonsensical.
• 4「とある」means 'it is written/stated that,' typically used for written notices or signs, not for a company making an official statement. It also does not attach properly to 原因 here.

• 〜としている — is stating/considering ~ as (used for official statements about causes, reasons, etc.)
• 停電ていでん — power outage, blackout
• 接触せっしょくする — to come into contact with, to touch
• クレーン車（クレーンしゃ） — crane truck

といったところだ means 'it would be about ~ / it's around ~' and is used to give an approximate estimate, often implying an upper limit. 中古なら高くても4、5万円といったところだ = 'If it's used, even at the high end it would be around 40,000–50,000 yen.' This naturally conveys the approximate ceiling price for a used item.

• 1に上る (のぼる) means 'reaches / amounts to (a figure)' and is used for notably large or rising amounts. It doesn't pair well with 高くても (even at most), which implies a ceiling, not a rising total.
• 3でもあるまい means 'it wouldn't be ~, would it' and expresses negation/denial. It doesn't fit the context of giving an approximate price estimate.
• 4どころではない means 'far from ~ / it's not even ~' and is used to strongly deny that something is the case (e.g., 'it's not a matter of 40,000 yen'). This would contradict the speaker's intent to give an estimate.

• ～といったところだ — it would be about ~; it's around ~ (approximate estimate, often an upper limit)
• 中古ちゅうこ — used, secondhand
• に上る（にのぼる） — to reach, to amount to (a figure)

Option 4「であるがゆえの」is correct. The pattern「〜がゆえの」means 'because of ~' / 'due to ~' and is a formal attributive form that modifies the noun「苦悩」. The sentence reads: 'Yamakawa is called a genius composer, but it is said that there was anguish due to being a genius.' The noun-modifying form「であるがゆえの」connects perfectly to「苦悩もあった」.

• 1「とし得る」means 'can be considered as.' It does not grammatically modify the noun「苦悩」in this sentence, and the meaning 'a genius can be considered anguish' makes no sense.
• 2「であるがごとき」means 'like a ~' / 'as if one were a ~.' While it can modify nouns in classical-style grammar, 'anguish like a genius' does not fit the intended meaning of anguish *caused by* being a genius.
• 3「とせざるを得ない」means 'cannot help but consider ~.' This is a verbal ending that cannot directly modify the noun「苦悩」, and the meaning is contextually wrong.

• がゆえの — because of ~; due to ~ (formal attributive form modifying a noun)
• 苦悩くのう — anguish; agony; distress
• とし得る（としうる） — can consider/recognize as ~
• ごとき — like ~; as if ~ (classical attributive form)
• せざるを得ない（せざるをえない） — cannot help but do ~; have no choice but to ~

Option 1「つかもうとしたものの」is correct.「〜（よ）うとしたものの」means 'tried to ~, but...' and expresses an attempted action that did not succeed. The sentence reads: 'In the mayoral election, Kawamata appealed for improved welfare and education and tried to capture the hearts of the citizens, but could not gain support and lost the election.' The conjunction「ものの」naturally connects to the subsequent negative outcome「支持が得られず、落選に終わった」.

• 2「つかみきれなかったものの」means 'could not fully grasp ~, but...'. The「ものの」conjunction expects a contrasting (often positive) follow-up, but the sentence continues with further failure ('could not gain support, lost'). Also, the volitional form「つかもうとした」better fits the narrative of attempting and then failing.
• 3「つかもうとしたからといって」means 'just because (he) tried to ~'. This would require a follow-up like 'doesn't mean ~', which does not match the sentence structure.
• 4「つかみきれなかったからといって」means 'just because (he) could not grasp ~'. Same issue—this pattern expects a 'doesn't mean ~' continuation that is absent.

• ものの — ~ but; although ~ (conjunction indicating a contrary outcome)
• からといって — just because ~ (used with a negative follow-up: 〜からといって〜ない)
• 訴うったえる — to appeal; to advocate
• 落選らくせん — losing an election; failing to be elected

Option 2「頑張ってもらうしかない」is correct.「〜てもらうしかない」means 'have no choice but to have (someone) do ~'. The speaker's younger brother is struggling with job hunting, but the speaker cannot do it for him, so the only option is to have him do his best on his own. The causative-receiving「てもらう」indicates the speaker's perspective of relying on the brother's effort.

• 1「頑張れるに決まっている」means '(he) can definitely do his best'. This expresses confident certainty, which does not match the resigned tone of 'I can't do it for him, so...'
• 3「頑張れないこともない」means 'it is not impossible to do one's best'. This double-negative softening expression does not fit the context of having no alternative.
• 4「頑張ってしまうところがある」means '(he) has a tendency to end up doing his best'. This describes a personality trait, not the speaker's conclusion that there is no other option.

• 〜しかない — have no choice but to ~; there is nothing to do but ~
• 〜てもらう — to have (someone) do something for one's benefit
• に決まっている（にきまっている） — definitely; it is certain that ~
• 〜ないこともない — it is not impossible to ~; it is not that one cannot ~
• 〜ところがある — has a tendency to ~; has a side that ~

Option 1「されますように」is correct.「〜されますように」is a polite wish-form ending meaning 'may (you) ~'. In this email, the writer is wishing for the recipient's recovery: 'I pray that you recover as soon as possible.' The passive/respectful form「される」+「ように」(so that / may it be) is the standard polite epistolary expression for wishing someone well.

• 2「願ってはどうですか」means 'how about praying?' This is a suggestion directed at the recipient, which is inappropriate—the writer should be the one wishing, not telling the sick person to pray.
• 3「いたしたく思います」means 'I would like to do (the recovering)'. Since「回復いたす」would mean the *speaker* recovers, this reverses the subject and is wrong.
• 4「していらっしゃるでしょうか」means 'are you perhaps recovering?' This is a question, not a wish, and does not fit the sentence structure「一日も早く回復～」which expects a wish/blessing.

• 〜ように — so that ~; may it be that ~ (used for wishes and prayers)
• される — respectful form of する; here used as honorific for the recipient's recovery
• 長引ながびく — to drag on; to last a long time (illness, etc.)