N1 Reading · Test 14

Option 4 is correct. The '大きな誤り' (big mistake) refers to the attitude described in the first paragraph: people assume 'this society cannot be changed, so we must accept it as reality,' and consequently only consider actions within that accepted framework ('その範囲内で実行可能な行為しか考慮しなくなってしまう'). Option 4 captures this precisely: accepting reality as unchangeable and only thinking about actions within it. The author then argues that how society IS (reality) and how it OUGHT TO BE are entirely different things, and that basing one's judgment of 'correctness' solely on current reality is the error.

• 1This option says the error is failing to distinguish between the ideal society and reality, leading to inability to make accurate judgments. While the author does mention that 'how society is' and 'how it ought to be' are different, the core '誤り' is not about failing to distinguish them conceptually but about the practical consequence: accepting reality as fixed and only acting within it. '的確な判断ができない' is also too vague and not what the passage emphasizes.
• 2This option says the error is having a standard for judgment but not following it. The passage never suggests people have a standard they refuse to follow; rather, the problem is that their standard itself is based on accepting unchangeable reality.
• 3This option says the error is giving up on reality and not trying to act at all. The passage does not say people stop acting; it says they only consider actions within the accepted reality ('その範囲内で実行可能な行為しか考慮しなくなってしまう'). People DO act, but only within the framework of accepted reality.

• 大きな誤り（おおきなあやまり） — a big mistake/error
• 所与の条件（しょよのじょうけん） — given conditions (treated as fixed premises)
• 動うごかしようがない — impossible to move/change
• 範囲内はんいない — within the scope/framework
• 実行可能じっこうかのう — feasible, practicable

Option 1 is correct. The phrase '②その現実' appears in the sentence 'たしかに、②その現実が動かしがたく、そのなかで生きていかねばならないとすれば…'. Looking at the preceding context, the author has been discussing '目の前の現実が正義にかなっていない場合' (when the reality before us does not align with justice) and '現実には不正義が行われていても' (even if injustice is being done in reality). The 'その現実' refers back to this reality where injustice is occurring. Option 1, '不正義が行われている現実' (a reality in which injustice is being committed), matches this directly.

• 2This option says it is a reality where one cannot determine what is unjust. The passage does not discuss any inability to define injustice; rather, it assumes injustice exists in reality but people fail to question it because they accept reality as a given.
• 3This option says it is a reality where society is seeking justice. This is the opposite of what the passage describes — the reality in question is one where justice is NOT being served ('正義にかなっていない').
• 4This option says it is a reality where people are seeking an ideal society. The passage does not describe the reality as one where people are actively seeking an ideal; rather, it describes a reality people passively accept.

• 不正義ふせいぎ — injustice
• 正義せいぎにかなう — to be in accord with justice
• 動うごかしがたい — hard to change/move
• 探究たんきゅう — inquiry, exploration

Option 2 is correct. The author's key argument is stated in the final sentence: 'しかしながら、その現実のほうに問題があるとすれば、そこで最も適切とされた行為は「適切」であるにしても、「正しい」行為ではないはずです' — if the reality itself has problems, then the action deemed most 'appropriate' may indeed be 'appropriate,' but it is not necessarily 'correct.' This directly supports option 2: actions deemed appropriate in reality cannot always be said to be correct. The author distinguishes between '適切' (appropriate within a given framework) and '正しい' (truly correct/just), arguing they do not always coincide.

• 1This option says we should choose the most appropriate action over the correct one. The author does not advocate this; rather, the author critiques the tendency to equate 'appropriate' with 'correct' and warns that appropriate actions within a flawed reality may not be truly correct.
• 3This option says we should not pursue correctness so much that we forget appropriateness in reality. The author's concern is the opposite: people are already prioritizing appropriateness (within accepted reality) and mistaking it for correctness. The author wants us to question whether 'appropriate' truly equals 'correct.'
• 4This option says that even if we explore the most appropriate action, we cannot find the correct one. This is too absolute. The author says the appropriate action 'is not necessarily' correct (「正しい」行為ではないはずです) when reality itself is problematic — not that correct actions can never be found through exploration.

• 適切てきせつ — appropriate, suitable
• 正ただしい — correct, right
• 行為こうい — action, conduct
• 選択せんたくすべき — should select/choose