N1 Vocabulary · Test 6

「コンパクトな」 means compact, small and neatly made. For a car, this refers to a small-sized car, so 「小型の」 is the closest paraphrase.

• 1「新型の」 means new model — compactness is about size, not newness.
• 3「家族向きの」 means family-oriented — compact does not imply family use.
• 4「若者向きの」 means youth-oriented — compact does not imply a target demographic.

• コンパクトな — compact, small and neatly sized
• 小型こがたの — small-sized

「極力」 means as much as possible, to the greatest extent one can. This matches 「できるだけ」.

• 2「大幅に」 means greatly/substantially — describes degree of change, not effort to minimize.
• 3「一気に」 means in one breath/all at once — describes manner, not extent.
• 4「思い切って」 means resolutely/daringly — describes resolve, not degree.

• 極力きょくりょく — as much as possible, to the utmost
• できるだけ — as much as possible

「つぶやく」 means to murmur or mutter, i.e., to say something quietly in a low voice. This matches 「小さな声で言う」.

• 1「ゆっくり言う」 means to say slowly — speed is not the defining feature of つぶやく.
• 2「大きな声で言う」 means to say in a loud voice — the opposite of つぶやく.
• 3「早口で言う」 means to say quickly — speed is not the defining feature.

• つぶやく — to murmur, mutter (in a small voice)

「不審な」 means doubtful/suspicious, arousing suspicion. 「怪しい」 is the closest synonym, meaning suspicious or questionable.

• 1「でたらめな」 means random/nonsensical/fabricated — stronger than merely suspicious.
• 2「頼りない」 means unreliable/flimsy — describes weakness, not suspicion.
• 4「あいまいな」 means ambiguous/vague — describes lack of clarity, not suspicion.

• 不審ふしんな — suspicious, doubtful
• 怪あやしい — suspicious, questionable

「ばてて」 (from ばてる) means to be exhausted/worn out, typically from prolonged effort. This matches 「疲れて」.

• 2「飽きて」 means to get bored/tired of — emotional, not physical exhaustion.
• 3「のどが渇いて」 means getting thirsty — a possible side effect but not the meaning of ばてる.
• 4「おなかがすいて」 means getting hungry — unrelated to the core meaning.

• ばてる — to be exhausted, worn out (from prolonged effort)

Option 4 is correct because 簡素 (かんそ) means 'simple and plain' in the sense of simplifying complex systems, structures, or procedures. '役所の手続きは簡素になりました' (Government procedures became simplified) is the most appropriate context for this word, as it refers to making bureaucratic processes less complicated.

• 1Option 1 is wrong because a 'simple game' should be described as 簡単 (かんたん) or 単純 (たんじゅん). 簡素 is not used for games or activities.
• 2Option 2 is wrong because describing a person's personality becoming 'simple' or 'less stubborn' should use 単純 (たんじゅん) or 素直 (すなお). 簡素 is not used for human personality traits.
• 3Option 3 is wrong because a 'simple taste' or 'rustic flavor' of food should be described as 素朴 (そぼく) or 質素 (しっそ). 簡素 is not used for flavors or meals.

• 簡素かんそ — simplicity, simplification (of systems, procedures, structures)
• 簡単かんたん — easy, simple (not difficult)
• 単純たんじゅん — simple, straightforward (not complex)
• 素朴そぼく — simple, naive, rustic (often used for taste or personality)
• 質素しっそ — simple, frugal, plain (often used for lifestyle or meals)

解明 (かいめい) means 'to clarify, elucidate, solve' and is used when uncovering the truth behind a mystery, mechanism, or unknown phenomenon through investigation or research. Option 3, 'がんの仕組みを解明する' (to elucidate the mechanism of cancer), is the perfect usage—解明 is commonly used with scientific/medical research to explain how something works.

• 1'解決策を解明した' is wrong. You don't 解明 a solution; you find or decide on one (見出した, 決めた). 解明 is for uncovering hidden truths or mechanisms, not for producing solutions through discussion.
• 2'収入を解明する書類' should be 証明 (しょうめい, to prove/certify). Documents prove income; they don't elucidate it. 解明 implies investigation into something unknown.
• 4'スキャンダルを解明した記事' is unnatural. Scandals are exposed (暴露, ばくろ) or reported; 解明 is for clarifying mechanisms or solving mysteries through analysis, not for journalistic exposés.

• 解明かいめい — to clarify, elucidate, solve (a mystery or mechanism through investigation/research)

ほほえましい (微笑ましい) means 'heartwarming, pleasant to watch,' and describes a charming, innocent scene—often involving children or animals—that makes you smile gently. Option 2, '幼い兄弟が仲良く遊ぶ姿は見ていてほほえましい' (watching young siblings play together nicely is heartwarming), is the ideal usage.

• 1'退院したというほほえましい知らせ' should be 喜ばしい (よろこばしい, glad/joyful). A notification about someone leaving the hospital is good news, not a heartwarming scene you watch.
• 3'ほほえましい業績' (heartwarming achievements) makes no sense. 業績 (ぎょうせき, professional achievements) are described as 素晴らしい (wonderful) or 目覚しい (めざましい, remarkable), not ほほえましい.
• 4'お茶を飲むのがほほえましい' is wrong. Drinking tea when tired might be リラックスできる or 癒やされる (healing/soothing), but ほほえましい requires watching something charming/innocent.

• ほほえましい — heartwarming, pleasant to watch (describes charming, innocent scenes that make you smile)

目安 (めやす) means 'rough standard, target, benchmark, guideline'—a reference point to aim for, often quantitative. Option 1, '一日に6キロを目安に歩く' (aiming for roughly 6 km per day as a walking target), is the correct usage. 目安にする means 'to use ~ as a rough standard/target.'

• 2'目安にしていた看板' should be 目印 (めじるし, landmark/marker). A signpost used for navigation is a physical marker, not a quantitative benchmark.
• 3'古い住所を目安に探した' is unnatural. 目安 is a rough numerical or quantitative standard, not a clue for searching. 目印 or 手がかり (てがかり, clue) would be appropriate here.
• 4'文字を目安にして習字の練習' should be 手本 (てほん, model/copybook). When practicing calligraphy by copying someone's writing, the reference is a 手本, not a 目安.

• 目安めやす — rough standard, target, benchmark, guideline (a reference point to aim for)

様相 (ようそう) means 'state of affairs, aspect, condition of things' and describes the overall character or face of a situation, society, or era. Option 3, 'その時代の社会の様相を反映している' (reflecting the state/aspect of that era's society), is the correct usage. 様相 is used for broad, abstract states of affairs.

• 1'腹痛が治まる様相がない' should be 様子 (ようす, state/condition) or 気配 (けはい, sign). 様相 is too formal/broad for describing a stomachache's condition.
• 2'子どもの成長の様相' should be 様子 (ようす) or 変化 (へんか, change). 様相 describes the overall state of affairs, not an individual's growth process.
• 4'職場の様相を知る' should be 様子 (ようす). 様相 is used for large-scale societal or situational states, not for learning about a workplace environment.

• 様相ようそう — state of affairs, aspect, condition (the overall character/face of a situation or society)