N4 Grammar · Test 16

Option 2「おだいじに」means 'Please take care of yourself / Get well soon.' It is the standard expression used when someone tells you they are sick or unwell. Since A says they have a headache (頭がいたい) and are going home, B's response「おだいじに」is the natural and correct thing to say.

• 1「お元気で」means 'Take care / Stay well' and is used when someone is going on a trip or leaving for a long time. It is not used for someone who is sick.
• 3「こちらこそ」means 'Same here / It is I who should say that,' used to return a greeting or compliment. It does not fit this context at all.
• 4「かしこまりました」means 'Certainly / I understand' and is a formal business acknowledgment. It would be used by a shop clerk or subordinate accepting a request, not when someone is sick.

• おだいじに — Take care of yourself; get well soon (said to someone who is ill)

Option 4「休ませて　いただきたいんですが」uses the pattern V(causative)＋て＋いただく, meaning 'I would like to be allowed to do ~.' Here, 休ませていただく means 'to be allowed to take a day off.' This is the correct humble/polite way for an employee (社員) to ask the company president (社長) for permission to take a day off. The んですが at the end softens the request.

• 1「休んで　さしあげませんか」is grammatically and semantically wrong. さしあげる is a humble verb for giving to a superior, but 休んでさしあげる would mean 'I'll take a break for your sake,' which makes no sense. The negative question form is also inappropriate.
• 2「休まれて　いただけませんか」is ungrammatical. 休まれる is the passive/honorific form of 休む, and combining it with いただけませんか does not produce a valid structure for requesting permission.
• 3「休んで　いただきたいんですが」means 'I want YOU to take a day off,' which reverses the roles. The employee wants to take the day off themselves, not ask the boss to take a day off.

• 休やすませていただく — to be allowed to take a break/day off (humble causative-receiving pattern)
• さしあげる — to give (humble form of あげる, used toward a superior)

Option 1「おかげさまで」means 'Thanks to you' and is a standard humble response when someone congratulates you. When A says「おめでとうございます」(Congratulations), responding with「おかげさまで」(Thanks to you) is the most natural and polite reply, acknowledging the other person's goodwill.

• おかげさまで — Thanks to you (humble expression of gratitude, often used in response to congratulations)
• おめでとうございます — Congratulations

The correct answer is 2 (に). The pattern is V(辞書形/タ形)＋ことになる, meaning 'it has been decided that ~ / it came to be that ~.' Here, 「来週パーティーをすることになったんです」= 'It's been decided that we'll have a party next week.' The に is the fixed particle in this grammar pattern. The んです at the end adds an explanatory tone.

• 1が would mark the subject, but ことになる is a fixed expression requiring に, not が.
• 3を would mark a direct object, but ことになる does not take を.
• 4で marks means/cause, which is not the particle used in the ことになる pattern.

• ことになる — it has been decided that ~ / it is arranged that ~ (passive/impersonal decision)
• パーティーをする — to have/hold a party

Option 3 「めずらしい花や鳥がいるから」(Because there are rare flowers and birds) is the most natural reason for going out early on a trip to a lake area—wanting to see rare flora and fauna before they are gone or before crowds arrive. This aligns with a typical 3-kyuu reading passage about a nature trip.

• 1「土曜日で、車が多いから」(Because it's Saturday and there are many cars) is plausible but would more likely be a reason to avoid going rather than to go early; it's a distractor.
• 2「うつくしいみずうみがあるから」(Because there is a beautiful lake) describes the destination but doesn't explain why one must leave *early*—the lake is there all day.
• 4「あまり天気がよくないから」(Because the weather isn't very good) would more likely be a reason to delay or cancel, not to go early.

• めずらしい — rare, unusual
• 早はやく — early, quickly
• 出でかけます — to go out, to leave

Option 3 「ふねにのります」(I will ride a boat) is a typical activity one does at a lake when the weather is good. In many 3-kyuu reading passages, boat rides on a lake are conditional on good weather, making this the most likely answer.

• 1「花や鳥をみます」(I will look at flowers and birds) is likely something the person plans to do regardless of weather (as suggested by Q1), not specifically conditional on good weather.
• 2「みずうみでおよぎます」(I will swim in the lake) is plausible but swimming in a lake is less commonly featured in JLPT reading passages than boat rides.
• 4「魚をつります」(I will catch fish) is plausible as a lake activity but is a distractor; fishing is less likely to be strictly weather-dependent in these passages.

• ふね — boat
• のります — to ride, to board
• およぎます — to swim
• つります — to fish, to catch fish

Option 2 「行くかもしれません」(I might go) is the most typical answer in a 3-kyuu reading passage where visiting an art museum is conditional on another factor (such as weather or time). The use of 〜かもしれません (might) reflects uncertainty that depends on circumstances described in the passage.

• 1「行かないつもりです」(I don't intend to go) uses 〜つもり which expresses a firm intention not to go; this would be too definitive if the passage only says it depends on conditions.
• 3「行きません」(I won't go) is a definitive statement that doesn't match the typical conditional/uncertain tone of these passages.
• 4「行きたくないです」(I don't want to go) expresses personal desire rather than a circumstantial decision, which doesn't fit the typical reading passage pattern.

• びじゅつかん — art museum
• つもり — intention, plan to
• かもしれません — might, perhaps

くれました (kuremashita) is the past polite form of くれる, which is used when someone ELSE gives something TO the speaker (or the speaker's in-group). Here, 木田さん is the subject giving a book to 私 (me), so くれました is correct: 'Kida-san gave me a book.'

• 1あげました (agemashita) is from あげる, used when the speaker gives to someone else, or when a third party gives to another third party. It is NOT used when the receiver is the speaker, so it doesn't fit 'Kida-san gave me.'
• 3もらいました (moraimashita) is from もらう, meaning 'to receive.' With もらう, the receiver (私) should be the subject: 私は木田さんに本をもらいました. Here the subject is 木田さん, so this is wrong.
• 4やりました (yarimashita) is from やる, a casual/lower-register equivalent of あげる. Like あげる, it is used when giving to others, not when receiving. It also carries a condescending nuance toward the receiver.

• くれる — someone gives something to the speaker
• あげる — to give (to someone else)
• もらう — to receive (subject = receiver)
• やる — to give (casual, can be condescending)