N4 Grammar · Test 22

Option 1 (お待ちいたします) is correct. This tests 謙譲語 (humble language). The speaker (わたし) is performing the action of waiting for Yamada-sensei, so a humble form is needed. The humble pattern is お + verb stem (待ち) + する/いたします. お待ちいたします = 'I will humbly wait (for you/sensei).' This correctly shows respect to the person being waited for.

• 2お待ちいただきます uses いただく (receive), making it 'I have Yamada-sensei wait for me' — the causative-receptive direction is reversed. The speaker should be the one waiting, not having sensei wait.
• 3お待たせになります is 尊敬語 (honorific) of 待たせる (to make someone wait). It would mean 'Yamada-sensei will make someone wait,' which is both the wrong action and the wrong direction — the speaker is the one waiting, not sensei.
• 4お待たせいただきます combines causative (待たせる) with humble-receptive (いただく), meaning 'I humbly have someone make me wait' — a convoluted and incorrect form that does not express 'I will wait for sensei.'

• お待ちいたします（おまちいたします） — I will humbly wait (謙譲語: お + verb stem + いたします)
• 待まつ — to wait
• 〜まで — until

食べずに is the correct answer. The pattern V-ずに means 'without doing V' and connects two actions, indicating the first was not done when the second was performed. 食べずに学校へ行きました means 'went to school without eating breakfast.' This is the standard negative-gerund construction at this level.

• 1食べずで is ungrammatical. The negative particle ず does not take で; the correct particle is に (ずに).
• 3食べなくて is the て-form of the negative and expresses reason or sequential continuation (e.g., 'didn't eat, so…'), not 'without eating.' It cannot directly connect to another action in the 'without doing' sense.
• 4食べなしで is ungrammatical. なし is a noun-like form meaning 'without' but attaches to nouns (e.g., 靴なしで), not to the stem of a verb.

• 食たべずに — without eating (V-ずに: without doing V)
• ご飯（ごはん） — meal, rice

入っちゃ is the correct answer. 入っちゃ is the colloquial contraction of 入っては, and 入っちゃだめだよ means 'you mustn't go in.' The pattern V-てはだめだ (and its contracted form V-ちゃだめだ) expresses prohibition: 'must not do V.' Since the blank is immediately followed by だめだよ, the contracted form 入っちゃ fits perfectly: 入っちゃだめだよ.

• 1入って alone before だめだよ would require the particle は (入ってはだめだよ). Without は, 入ってだめだよ is grammatically incomplete.
• 2入っただめだよ is ungrammatical; the past tense 入った cannot connect to だめだ in this prohibition pattern.
• 3入るはだめだよ is ungrammatical; the dictionary form 入る does not pair with はだめだ in this construction.

• 入はいっちゃ — contraction of 入っては (must not enter, in the pattern ～ちゃだめだ)
• そうじ — cleaning
• だめだ — no good / must not

いけませんね is the correct response. When someone tells you they are sick (fever, headache), a natural sympathetic reply is 'それはいけませんね' meaning 'That's too bad / That's awful.' いけません is the negative potential form of いける (to be acceptable / to be okay), and here it expresses concern: 'that's not good.'

• 1おげんきで means 'please stay healthy' and is used as a farewell wish when someone is leaving or in letters. It is completely inappropriate when someone has just told you they are sick.
• 3かしこまりました means 'certainly / I understand' and is a polite formula used by shop staff or subordinates accepting an order or request. It does not fit a conversation about illness.
• 4しつれいします means 'excuse me' and is used when entering/leaving a room or ending a phone call. It is not a sympathetic reply to someone reporting illness.

• いけません — that's no good; that's bad (expression of concern)
• おげんきで — please take care of yourself (farewell greeting)
• かしこまりました — certainly; I understand (polite acceptance)
• しつれいします — excuse me (polite leave-taking)

前の家より会社に近くなりました is correct. Nakata says the new house now takes only 40 minutes by train, compared to 1.5 hours before. This means the new house is closer to the company. より ('compared to') + 近くなりました ('became closer') correctly expresses that the new house is closer than the old one.

• 2前の家ほど会社に近くなりました uses ほど with an affirmative sentence. ほど ('as much as / to the extent of') is normally used with negatives (〜ほど〜ない = 'not as ___ as'). With an affirmative 近くなりました, this sentence is ungrammatical and meaningless.
• 3前の家より会社から遠くなりました means 'became farther from the company than the old house.' This contradicts the context: the commute shortened from 1.5 hours to 40 minutes, so the new house is closer, not farther.
• 4前の家ほど会社から遠くなりました combines ほど with an affirmative, which is ungrammatical. Even if it were grammatical, it would contradict the context.

• 〜より — compared to; more than
• 〜ほど — as ~ as (used with negative: ほど〜ない)
• 近ちかくなる — to become close/near
• 遠とおくなる — to become far/distant

Option 1 (お高う) is correct. This tests the polite (丁寧) form of i-adjectives before ございます. The rule is: drop the final い of the adjective and add うございます. 高い → 高 + うございます = 高うございます. With the polite prefix お, it becomes お高うございます, meaning 'is (a little) expensive' in very polite speech (often used by shop staff).

• 2お高いございます is incorrect. You cannot simply insert ございます after the plain adjective form 高い. The correct contraction is 高うございます (drop い, add う).
• 3高いにございます is ungrammatical. The particle に cannot connect an adjective to ございます in this way.
• 4高いでございます is ungrammatical in standard keigo. The correct polite form uses the う-contraction (高うございます), not で.

• お高うございます（おたこうございます） — it is expensive (very polite form of 高いです, used in formal/customer-service speech)
• ワイシャツ — dress shirt
• 少すこし — a little