N4 Grammar · Test 29

The correct answer is 4 (を). The verb 通る ('to pass through') takes を to mark the route or place one passes through. 図書館の前を通る means 'passes in front of the library.' This is the pattern of (place/route) を 通る, where を marks the spatial path of movement.

• 1へ indicates direction toward a destination. 図書館の前へ通る would imply heading toward the front of the library, not passing through/along it, and is not the natural pattern with 通る.
• 2で marks the location where an action takes place or means of transportation. 図書館の前で通る is not grammatical with 通る in this sense.
• 3に indicates a point of arrival or target. 図書館の前に通る does not correctly express 'passing through/in front of'; 通る requires を for the route.

• 通とおる — to pass through / to go by
• 図書館としょかん — library

The correct answer is 3 (を). The verb ぬすまれて is the passive form of ぬすむ (to steal). In Japanese passive sentences where a person's possession is taken, the particle を marks the direct object (the thing stolen): カメラをぬすまれた = 'the camera was stolen (from me).' This is the standard pattern for possessive passive: (person) は (object) を (passive verb).

• 1で marks means/location, not the direct object of a passive verb. You cannot say カメラでぬすまれた.
• 2に marks the agent/doer in some passive constructions (e.g., カメラにぬすまれた would mean 'was stolen by the camera,' which is nonsensical). Here the camera is the thing stolen, not the thief.
• 4へ marks direction, which does not fit a passive verb about stealing.

• ぬすまれる — to be stolen (passive of ぬすむ 'to steal')
• カメラ — camera

The correct answer is 2 (も). When も is attached to a quantity, it emphasizes that the amount is large or surprising: 'as many as ~' / 'as much as ~.' ビールを10本も飲んだ = 'drank as many as 10 bottles of beer.' This fits the context: drinking that much explains why the person has a headache.

• 1だけ means 'only.' ビールを10本だけ飲んだ = 'drank only 10 bottles,' which downplays the quantity and does not explain the headache well.
• 3しか is always followed by a negative verb and means 'only.' しか飲んだ (positive) is grammatically impossible; it would need to be しか飲まなかった.
• 4でも means 'even,' which does not naturally attach to a quantity like 10本 in this context.

• も — (with quantities) as many as, as much as — emphasizes a large amount
• だけ — only, just
• しか — only (must be followed by a negative verb)

The correct answer is 4 (までに). までに means 'by' and indicates a deadline — the latest time by which something must be done. あさってまでにかえしてください = 'please return it by the day after tomorrow.' This is the correct particle for a return deadline.

• 1ばかり means 'just/only' and does not express a time deadline.
• 2まで means 'until' and indicates a continuous action up to a point in time. あさってまでかえしてください would imply 'keep returning it until the day after tomorrow,' which is unnatural for returning a book.
• 3ばかりに means 'just because' / 'on account of,' which is unrelated to setting a deadline.

• までに — by (a deadline) — indicates the latest time something must be done
• まで — until (a point in time, indicating duration)
• あさって — the day after tomorrow
• かえす — to return (something)

The correct answer is 1 (でも). でも means 'even' and attaches to a noun to indicate that something surprising applies to that person/thing as well. The sentence says the word's pronunciation is difficult, so 'even (the person) often makes mistakes.' This is the natural pattern: (noun)でもよくまちがえます = 'even (noun) often makes mistakes.'

• 2にも means 'to (noun) too' or 'also in (noun),' which does not fit the verb まちがえる (to make a mistake) in this sentence structure.
• 3がも is not a grammatical particle combination in standard Japanese.
• 4からも means 'from (noun) too,' which does not fit the context of making mistakes in pronunciation.

• でも — even (used with a noun to express 'even [that person/thing]')
• 発音はつおん — pronunciation
• まちがえる — to make a mistake

The correct answer is 3 (きれいだ). The sentence uses the 〜し pattern to list multiple characteristics. For な-adjectives used predicatively (not modifying a noun), you attach し to だ: きれいだ + し = きれいだし. The sentence means 'Yamada's apartment is clean, spacious, and close to the station.'

• 1きれいな is used when a な-adjective modifies a noun (e.g., きれいな部屋). Here きれい is used predicatively after は, so な is incorrect before し.
• 2きれい alone is incomplete — a な-adjective needs だ (or な before a noun) before し. Bare きれいし is ungrammatical.
• 4きれいの is wrong; の is not used to connect a な-adjective to し. な-adjectives use だ or な, never の, in this pattern.

• きれい（綺麗） — pretty, clean (な-adjective)
• 〜し — and also; used to list multiple reasons or characteristics

The correct answer is 1 (話し). The pattern V-ます stem + つづける means 'to continue doing something.' 話す (はなす) is a godan verb; its ます stem is 話し (はなし). 話しつづけている = 'is continuing to talk.'

• 2話そう is the volitional form (let's talk). You cannot attach つづける to the volitional form.
• 3話す is the dictionary form. つづける attaches to the ます stem (話し), not the dictionary form.
• 4話さ is the stem of the ない-form (話さない). This cannot be followed by つづける.

• 話はなす — to speak, to talk
• 〜つづける — to continue doing (attached to V-ます stem)

The correct answer is 4 (行こう). The pattern V-よう + と思う means 'I am thinking of doing / I intend to do.' 行く (いく) is an irregular verb; its volitional form is 行こう (いこう). 行こうと思います = 'I think I'll go.'

• 1行きましょう is the polite volitional (let's go). It cannot be followed by と思う in this pattern, and the meaning 'let's go' doesn't fit 'I think I will.'
• 2行きます is the polite non-past form. 〜と思います with a plain form requires the volitional (行こう), not the plain polite form.
• 3行って is the て-form. 〜てと思う is not a valid pattern for expressing intention.

• 行いく — to go
• 〜ようと思う（〜ようとおもう） — I intend to / I'm thinking of doing (attached to volitional form)

The correct answer is 1 (なり). The pattern V-ます stem + やすい means 'easy to / prone to.' なる (to become) is an irregular verb; its ます stem is なり. なりやすい = 'easy to become / prone to becoming.' The sentence means 'In this season, many people easily end up going to the hospital (getting sick).'

• 2なった is the past form (なった). The ます stem (なり) is required before やすい, not the past form.
• 3なって is the て-form. 〜てやすい is not a valid pattern.
• 4なる is the dictionary form. やすい attaches to the ます stem (なり), not the dictionary form.

• なる — to become
• 〜やすい — easy to (do), prone to (attached to V-ます stem)

The correct answer is 4 (休ませて). The pattern is causative -te form + ください = 'please let me do something.' 休む (やすむ) is a godan verb. Its causative form is 休ませる (やすませる), and the -te form is 休ませて (やすませて). 休ませてください = 'please let me take the day off.'

• 1休めさせて would be the causative of the potential form 休める, which is incorrect. You form the causative directly from 休む → 休ませる, not from the potential.
• 2休むさせて is ungrammatical. The causative of a godan verb is formed by replacing う with ませる (休む→休ませる), not by adding させて to the dictionary form.
• 3休みさせて incorrectly treats 休む as an ichidan verb. For ichidan verbs the causative is V-stem + させる, but 休む is a godan verb, so the correct form is 休ませて.

• 休やすむ — to rest, to take time off
• 〜（さ）せてください — please let me do (causative -te form + ください)