N4 Grammar · Test 37

あそびに来てください is correct. Nakata is inviting Yamakawa to come to his (Nakata's) house. Since Nakata is the host, the direction of movement is toward Nakata, so 来る (to come) is used. 〜に来てください means 'please come (to my place) to play/hang out.' This is a natural invitation.

• 1あそんで きましょう means 'let's come play.' The 〜ましょう form suggests 'let's do X together,' but the speaker is the host inviting the listener, not suggesting they both come together. Also, あそんで来る is less natural than あそびに来る.
• 2あそんで いきましょう means 'let's go play.' 行く (to go) indicates movement away from the speaker, but Nakata is inviting Yamakawa to his own home, so the direction should be toward Nakata (来る). Also, 〜ましょう is a suggestion, not an invitation to the listener.
• 4あそびに 行ってください means 'please go play (somewhere).' 行く indicates movement away from the speaker. Since Nakata is inviting Yamakawa to his own house, the correct verb is 来る (to come toward the speaker), not 行く.

• 遊びに来る（あそびにくる） — to come to play/visit
• 〜てください — please do ~ (request)
• 来くる — to come (toward speaker)
• 行いく — to go (away from speaker)

Option 1 (お高う) is correct. This tests the polite (丁寧) form of i-adjectives before ございます. The rule is: drop the final い of the adjective and add うございます. 高い → 高 + うございます = 高うございます. With the polite prefix お, it becomes お高うございます, meaning 'is (a little) expensive' in very polite speech (often used by shop staff).

• 2お高いございます is incorrect. You cannot simply insert ございます after the plain adjective form 高い. The correct contraction is 高うございます (drop い, add う).
• 3高いにございます is ungrammatical. The particle に cannot connect an adjective to ございます in this way.
• 4高いでございます is ungrammatical in standard keigo. The correct polite form uses the う-contraction (高うございます), not で.

• お高うございます（おたこうございます） — it is expensive (very polite form of 高いです, used in formal/customer-service speech)
• ワイシャツ — dress shirt
• 少すこし — a little

Option 1 (お待ちいたします) is correct. This tests 謙譲語 (humble language). The speaker (わたし) is performing the action of waiting for Yamada-sensei, so a humble form is needed. The humble pattern is お + verb stem (待ち) + する/いたします. お待ちいたします = 'I will humbly wait (for you/sensei).' This correctly shows respect to the person being waited for.

• 2お待ちいただきます uses いただく (receive), making it 'I have Yamada-sensei wait for me' — the causative-receptive direction is reversed. The speaker should be the one waiting, not having sensei wait.
• 3お待たせになります is 尊敬語 (honorific) of 待たせる (to make someone wait). It would mean 'Yamada-sensei will make someone wait,' which is both the wrong action and the wrong direction — the speaker is the one waiting, not sensei.
• 4お待たせいただきます combines causative (待たせる) with humble-receptive (いただく), meaning 'I humbly have someone make me wait' — a convoluted and incorrect form that does not express 'I will wait for sensei.'

• お待ちいたします（おまちいたします） — I will humbly wait (謙譲語: お + verb stem + いたします)
• 待まつ — to wait
• 〜まで — until

食べずに is the correct answer. The pattern V-ずに means 'without doing V' and connects two actions, indicating the first was not done when the second was performed. 食べずに学校へ行きました means 'went to school without eating breakfast.' This is the standard negative-gerund construction at this level.

• 1食べずで is ungrammatical. The negative particle ず does not take で; the correct particle is に (ずに).
• 3食べなくて is the て-form of the negative and expresses reason or sequential continuation (e.g., 'didn't eat, so…'), not 'without eating.' It cannot directly connect to another action in the 'without doing' sense.
• 4食べなしで is ungrammatical. なし is a noun-like form meaning 'without' but attaches to nouns (e.g., 靴なしで), not to the stem of a verb.

• 食たべずに — without eating (V-ずに: without doing V)
• ご飯（ごはん） — meal, rice

入っちゃ is the correct answer. 入っちゃ is the colloquial contraction of 入っては, and 入っちゃだめだよ means 'you mustn't go in.' The pattern V-てはだめだ (and its contracted form V-ちゃだめだ) expresses prohibition: 'must not do V.' Since the blank is immediately followed by だめだよ, the contracted form 入っちゃ fits perfectly: 入っちゃだめだよ.

• 1入って alone before だめだよ would require the particle は (入ってはだめだよ). Without は, 入ってだめだよ is grammatically incomplete.
• 2入っただめだよ is ungrammatical; the past tense 入った cannot connect to だめだ in this prohibition pattern.
• 3入るはだめだよ is ungrammatical; the dictionary form 入る does not pair with はだめだ in this construction.

• 入はいっちゃ — contraction of 入っては (must not enter, in the pattern ～ちゃだめだ)
• そうじ — cleaning
• だめだ — no good / must not

でも attached to a question word means 'any.' どんなことでも means 'any kind of thing / whatever.' どんなことでもきいてください。お答えします means 'Please ask me anything. I will answer.'

• 2とか means 'such as / things like' and does not produce the 'any' meaning needed here.
• 3から means 'from' and does not fit the pattern どんな～でも.
• 4まで means 'until/as far as'; どんなことまで would imply a limit/extreme, not the intended 'anything at all.'

• どんな — what kind of
• でも — any (with question words)
• お答えします（おこたえします） — I will answer (humble form of 答える)

ほど is used with a negative adjective to express comparison: 「XはYほど～ない」means 'X is not as (adjective) as Y.' Here, 「去年のなつほどあつくありませんでした」= 'not as hot as last summer.' This is the standard N4-level comparison pattern.

• 1でも means 'even' or 'however.' It does not create a comparison structure and would not connect properly with the negative あつくありませんでした.
• 2しか is used with a negative to mean 'only' (e.g., ～しかない). It does not express comparison and would not fit with あつくありませんでした.
• 4ごろ means 'around (time)' (e.g., 6時ごろ). It is used with approximate times, not for comparison.

• 去年きょねん — last year
• あつい（暑い） — hot (weather)
• ほど — to the extent of; as much as (used in negative comparison)

を marks the direct object of the verb 食べる. The pattern 「何を＋ても」= 'no matter what one (does),' so 「何を食べてもおいしいです」= 'no matter what I eat, it's delicious.' The particle を is required because 食べる is a transitive verb and 何 is its object.

• 1も would give 何も食べても, which is ungrammatical in this context. も replaces を only in certain negative patterns (何も食べない = 'eat nothing'), not in the ～ても 'no matter what' construction.
• 2に marks an indirect object or destination. 食べる does not take に for its direct object, so 何に食べても is ungrammatical.
• 4が marks the subject. While 何が食べても could theoretically parse as 'something eats,' it does not mean 'whatever I eat' and is wrong here.

• じょうぶ — healthy, strong
• 何を～ても（なにを～ても） — no matter what one [does]

The verb もらう ('to receive') takes に to mark the giver/source. 「だれにもらいましたか」= 'From whom did you receive (the flowers)?' The particle に indicates the person from whom something was received.

• 1で marks means/method or location of action. It cannot mark the source person with もらう.
• 2を marks a direct object. With もらう, the thing received is the object (その花を), and the giver is marked by に, not を.
• 3の is a possessive/linking particle. だれの would mean 'whose,' giving 'Did you receive whose flowers?' which does not match the sentence structure.

• もらう — to receive (something from someone)

The intended answer is option 1, which should read でも. The pattern 「今からでも」= 'even if (we start) from now' fits perfectly: 'It's already 5 o'clock. Will we make the 6 o'clock train even if we leave now?' でも here means 'even,' expressing that starting now is a minimal/late condition. Note: the option appears to be transcribed as での instead of でも — see issues.

• 2までも means 'even as far as / even until.' 今からまでも does not form a natural phrase and would not fit the sentence.
• 3とも means 'together with' or attaches to certain expressions. 今からとも is not grammatical in this context.
• 4にも means 'also to / even to.' 今からにも does not form a natural phrase here.

• 今いまからでも — even if starting from now
• まにあう（間に合う） — to be in time for, to make it (to a train, etc.)