N5 Grammar · Test 36

The correct answer is 3 (にぎやかで). The sentence means 'This town is a bustling and convenient place.' にぎやか is a na-adjective, and で is the te-form connecting form for na-adjectives. 'にぎやかでべんりなところ' links two na-adjectives (にぎやか and べんり) modifying the noun ところ (place).

• 1にぎやか alone cannot connect to べんりな. To modify a noun directly you would need にぎやかな, but here two adjectives must be joined, which requires the te-form で.
• 2にぎやかだ is the plain copula form (used at the end of a sentence), but it cannot be used to connect to another adjective. It would break the sentence structure.
• 4にぎやかの is incorrect. の is not used to connect na-adjectives. For na-adjectives modifying nouns directly, な is used (にぎやかな), and for connecting two na-adjectives, で is used.

• にぎやか（賑やか）（にぎやか） — bustling, lively
• べんり（便利） — convenient
• ところ（所） — place

The correct answer is 2 (見て). The sentence means 'I look at the dictionary and memorize kanji' or 'I memorize kanji by looking at the dictionary.' 見て is the te-form of 見る, which here indicates means/method: 'by looking at the dictionary, I memorize kanji.' The te-form connects the two actions naturally.

• 1見る is the dictionary form and cannot directly connect to かんじをおぼえます in this sentence. It would create an ungrammatical sequence.
• 3見た is the past tense plain form. It cannot be used to connect to another verb phrase in this manner and would make the sentence ungrammatical.
• 4見に would be used for purpose (e.g., じしょを見に行きます 'go to see the dictionary'), but here the structure じしょを見にかんじをおぼえます does not work grammatically.

• 見みて — looking at (te-form of 見る: to look/see)
• じしょ（辞書） — dictionary
• かんじ（漢字） — kanji, Chinese characters
• おぼえます（覚えます）（おぼえます） — memorize, remember

The correct answer is 4 (読まない). The sentence means 'I'm busy in the morning so I don't read the newspaper.' いそがしくて (busy-TE form) gives the reason, and the main clause needs a negative present-tense verb: 読まない (don't read). 'あさ(は)いそがしくてしんぶんは読まない' = 'I'm busy in the morning, so I don't read the newspaper.'

• 1読みた is not a valid verb form. The 'want to' form would be 読みたい, but even that would not fit the causal structure (being busy → not reading).
• 2読んだ is the past tense plain form ('read'). This does not match the present-tense negative meaning required by the context of being busy and therefore not reading.
• 3読みない is an invalid form. The correct negative form of a godan verb like 読む is 読まない (change the ます-stem's final consonant group: み→ま + ない). 読みない does not exist in standard Japanese.

• いそがしくて（忙しくて）（いそがしくて） — being busy (te-form, indicating reason)
• しんぶん（新聞） — newspaper
• 読よまない — don't read (negative plain form of 読む)

The sentence means 'Please cut the bread in half.' The pattern V-て + ください makes a polite request. The verb 切る (きる, to cut) has the te-form 切って (きって), so option 2 is correct: パンを半分にきってください。

• 1きて is not a valid te-form of 切る. It resembles the te-form of 着る (きる, to wear), which is a ru-verb and forms きて — but the context (cutting bread) requires the godan verb 切る.
• 3きりて is an incorrect te-form. Godan verbs ending in ～る do not form their te-form with ～りて; that pattern belongs to verbs ending in ～る that conjugate like ある→あって, not 切る.
• 4きらって is not a valid te-form of any standard verb here. It does not correspond to 切る's conjugation.

• 切きる — to cut (godan verb)
• 半分はんぶん — half
• 〜てください — please do ~ (request pattern)

The sentence means 'The children are sleeping, so don't sing in a loud voice.' The pattern V-ないで is used to tell someone not to do something. The verb 歌う (うたう, to sing) is a godan verb ending in う. Its negative form is 歌わない (うたわない), and adding で gives うたわないで. Option 4 is correct: 大きいこえでうたわないでね。

• 1うたいないで is an incorrect conjugation. The verb うたう does not drop the わ in its negative form; the correct negative stem is うたわない, not うたいない.
• 2うたうないで is grammatically invalid. You cannot simply attach ないで directly to the dictionary form うたう; the verb must first be conjugated to its negative stem (うたわない).
• 3うたわなくて uses the なくて form, which expresses a reason or cause ('because ~ not'), not a prohibition/request. To say 'don't sing,' you need ないで, not なくて.

• 歌うたう — to sing (godan verb)
• 〜ないで — please don't ~ (prohibition/request)
• 寝ねる — to sleep
• 声こえ — voice

The sentence means 'The children are sleeping, so don't sing in a loud voice.' The pattern V-ないで is used to tell someone not to do something. The verb 歌う (うたう, to sing) is a godan verb ending in う. Its negative form is 歌わない (うたわない), and adding で gives うたわないで. Option 4 is correct: 大きいこえでうたわないでね。

• 1うたいないで is an incorrect conjugation. The verb うたう does not drop the わ in its negative form; the correct negative stem is うたわない, not うたいない.
• 2うたうないで is grammatically invalid. You cannot simply attach ないで directly to the dictionary form うたう; the verb must first be conjugated to its negative stem (うたわない).
• 3うたわなくて uses the なくて form, which expresses a reason or cause ('because ~ not'), not a prohibition/request. To say 'don't sing,' you need ないで, not なくて.

• 歌うたう — to sing (godan verb)
• 〜ないで — please don't ~ (prohibition/request)
• 寝ねる — to sleep
• 声こえ — voice

The sentence means 'I opened the door of the entrance.' わたしは is the agent (the one doing the action), and ドア is the direct object, so the transitive verb 開ける (あける, to open something) with the particle を is required. Option 4, をあけた, is correct: わたしはげんかんのドアをあけた。

• 1があいた uses the intransitive verb 開く (あく, something opens on its own) with が. This would mean 'the door opened,' making わたしは a topic without a clear role — it does not express 'I opened the door.'
• 2があけた uses the transitive verb 開ける but with the wrong particle が. A transitive verb taking a direct object requires を, not が.
• 3をあいた uses the intransitive verb 開く (あく) with を. Intransitive verbs cannot take a direct object with を, so this is grammatically impossible.

• 開あく — to open (intransitive — something opens)
• 開あける — to open (transitive — to open something)
• 玄関げんかん — entrance (of a house)

The sentence means 'There is a ballpoint pen placed on that desk.' The pattern ～てある describes the resulting state of an intentional action — something has been placed/put and remains there. The verb 置く (おく, to put/place) has the te-form 置いて (おいて), so 置いてある (おいてある) is correct. With ～てある, the object is marked by が, which matches ボールペンが. Option 4 is correct: ボールペンがおいてあります。

• 1おきます is the polite form of 置く (おく). With が marking ボールペン, this would mean 'the pen will place,' which is nonsensical — a pen cannot place itself. Also, it lacks the ～てある state pattern.
• 2おきてあります uses an incorrect te-form. The te-form of 置く is 置いて (おいて), not おきて. おきて would be the te-form of 起きる (おきる, to wake up), which is a different verb.
• 3おいています uses ～ている, which describes an ongoing action ('is placing'). This does not fit the context of describing a pen that is sitting on a desk as a resulting state.

• 置おく — to put, to place (godan verb)
• 〜てある — resulting state of an intentional action (something has been placed and remains)
• 机つくえ — desk
• ボールペン — ballpoint pen

The correct answer is 4 (で). The sentence means 'My family is 8 people in total.' Here, ぜんぶで is a fixed expression meaning 'in total / altogether,' where で indicates the extent or total of a quantity. 'ぜんぶで8人です' = 'altogether, it's 8 people.'

• 1が is the subject marker and cannot be used here. 'ぜんぶが8人です' is ungrammatical in this context because ぜんぶで is a set phrase for expressing a total.
• 2の would try to modify 8人, giving 'ぜんぶの8人' (all 8 people), which changes the meaning entirely and does not express 'in total.'
• 3を is the direct object marker and has no role here. There is no action being performed on ぜんぶ.

• ぜんぶ — all, everything
• かぞく — family
• ぜんぶで — in total, altogether

The sentence means 'Because it's during class, please be quiet.' The pattern な-adjective + に + する turns the adjective into an adverbial expression meaning 'to make/do something quietly.' 静か (しずか, quiet) is a な-adjective, so 静かに (しずかに) is the adverbial form. Combined with してくだい, this gives 静かにしてください (please be quiet). Option 1 is correct.

• 2しずかで is the te-form of the な-adjective 静かだ. While で can link clauses, 静かでしてください is not grammatical in this pattern; you need the adverbial に before する/して.
• 3しずかだ is the plain (dictionary) form of the な-adjective. It cannot be placed directly before して in this way; the adverbial form しずかに is required.
• 4しずかな is the attributive (pre-noun) form of the な-adjective, used before nouns (e.g., 静かな部屋). It cannot be used before して in this pattern.

• 静しずか — quiet (な-adjective)
• 静しずかに — quietly (adverbial form)
• 授業中じゅぎょうちゅう — during class
• 〜にする — to make/do something (a certain way)