N5 Grammar · Test 54

The correct answer is 1 (読む). The pattern V-辞書形 + とき means 'when (I) do X.' 本を読むとき means 'when I read a book, I use a dictionary.' The dictionary (plain non-past) form is used because the action of reading has not yet been completed at the time the dictionary is used.

• 2読み is the ます-stem. It cannot directly precede とき.
• 3読んで is the て-form. To use it with とき you would need 読んでいるとき ('while reading'), not just 読んでとき.
• 4読んだ is the plain past form. 読んだとき means 'when/after I read (a book),' implying the reading is already finished — a different nuance from the intended 'when I read.'

• 本ほん — book
• 読よむ — to read
• じしょ — dictionary
• つかう（使う） — to use

The correct answer is 1 (おわった). The pattern V-た形 + あとで means 'after doing X.' テストがおわったあとで means 'after the test is over, we will have a party.' The plain past form (た-form) is required before あとで.

• 2おわって is the て-form. The pattern requires the た-form (おわった), not the て-form.
• 3おわる is the dictionary form. The pattern V-辞書形 + あとで is not grammatical; you need the past form.
• 4おわります is the polite non-past form. It cannot be placed directly before あとで; the plain past form is required.

• テスト（てすと） — test / exam
• おわる（終わる） — to finish / to end
• あとで（後で） — after
• パーティー（ぱーてぃー） — party

The correct answer is 2 (みた). The pattern V-たり V-たり します means 'doing things such as X and Y.' The form is V-た + り. For みる (to see/watch), the た-form is みた, so みたり means 'doing things like watching (movies).' The sentence means 'On days off, I do things like watch movies and go shopping.'

• 1みる is the dictionary form. The たり pattern requires the た-form, not the dictionary form.
• 3みつ is not a valid conjugation of みる.
• 4み is the ます-stem. It cannot be used in the たり pattern; the た-form is required.

• 休やすみ — day off / rest
• えいが — movie
• みる（見る） — to see / to watch
• 買いもの（買い物） — shopping

The correct answer is 1 (おぼえて). The pattern V-て + ください means 'please do X.' The verb おぼえる (to remember/memorize) has the て-form おぼえて, so おぼえてください means 'please remember/memorize this word.'

• 2おぼりて is not a valid conjugation of おぼえる. This is a distractor designed to look plausible but is grammatically non-existent.
• 3おぼって is the て-form that would correspond to a godan verb ending in -ぶ or -む (e.g., とぶ→とんで, よむ→よんで), but おぼえる is an ichidan (一段) verb, so its て-form is おぼえて, not おぼって.
• 4おぼえって is not a valid form. It incorrectly inserts a small っ, which does not occur in the conjugation of the ichidan verb おぼえる.

• ことば — word
• おぼえる（覚える） — to remember / to memorize

The pattern 〜ながら (while doing X) attaches to the V-ます stem (ren'yōkei). For 聞く (to listen), the stem is 聞き, giving 聞きながら (while listening). The full sentence means 'I study while listening to music.'

• 1聞く is the dictionary form. 〜ながら cannot attach directly to the dictionary form; it requires the V-ます stem.
• 2聞か is the negative stem (used for 〜ない). 〜ながら does not attach to this form.
• 4聞いて is the て-form. 〜ながら does not attach to the て-form; that would be a different pattern (〜て, 'doing X, do Y').

• ながら — while doing ~ (attaches to V-ます stem)
• 聞きく — to listen
• 音楽おんがく — music
• 勉強べんきょう — study

The sentence is さいふを なくして こまりました ('I lost my wallet and am in trouble / I'm troubled that I lost my wallet'). The pattern 〜てこまる means 'to be troubled/inconvenienced by ~'. The te-form of なくす (無くす, 'to lose') is なくして, so なくしてこまりました = 'I am troubled because I lost ~.' Option 4 is correct.

• 1なくします is the polite masu-form, which cannot directly connect to こまりました. The te-form なくして is required.
• 2なくした is the plain past tense. While 〜たことでこまる is possible in longer constructions, the direct pattern is 〜てこまる, so なくしたこまりました is grammatically incorrect.
• 3なくす is the dictionary form, which cannot directly connect to こまる in this pattern. The te-form なくして is required.

• 財布さいふ — wallet
• 無なくす — to lose (something)
• 〜てこまる — to be troubled by ~ (someone doing something / something happening)

The sentence is 来週 国へ かえる 人は いますか ('Is there anyone who is going back to their country next week?'). When a verb modifies a noun (relative clause), the plain/dictionary form is used directly before the noun: かえる人 = 'a person who returns.' Option 2 is correct.

• 1かえっての is ungrammatical. The te-form かえって cannot be followed by の to modify a noun in this way.
• 3かえるの adds an unnecessary の before 人. When a verb directly modifies a noun, no の is needed between the verb and the noun: かえる人, not かえるの人.
• 4かえって is the te-form, which cannot directly modify a noun. The te-form expresses sequence or means, not noun modification.

• 来週らいしゅう — next week
• 国くに — country; one's home country
• 帰かえる — to return; to go back

しずか is a na-adjective. To use a na-adjective adverbially (modifying a verb like する), you add に: しずかにする means 'to make quiet / to be quiet.' もう少ししずかにしてくださいませんか means 'Could you please be a little quieter?' Option 1 しずかに is correct.

• 2しずかだ is the plain present form of the na-adjective. It cannot modify する in this way.
• 3しずか is the stem form. Before する you need しずかに (adverbial form), not just the stem.
• 4しずかで is the te-form of the na-adjective, used for connecting clauses or listing reasons, not for adverbially modifying する.

• しずか（静か） — quiet (na-adjective)
• しずかにする（静かにする） — to make quiet; to be quiet
• もう少し — a little more

たいへん is a na-adjective meaning 'tough/difficult.' The past tense of a na-adjective is formed with 〜でした, so たいへんでした means 'it was tough.' The sentence is about 先週 (last week), so past tense is required. Option 3 is correct.

• 1たいへんしました treats たいへん as a verb, which it is not. たいへん is a na-adjective/noun, so this is grammatically wrong.
• 2たいへんです is the present tense. Since the sentence refers to 先週 (last week), past tense is needed.
• 4たいへんだったでした is a double-past form that is grammatically incorrect. You use either たいへんでした or たいへんだった, never both combined.

• たいへん — tough; difficult (na-adjective/noun)
• しゅくだい — homework
• 先週せんしゅう — last week

The pattern for 'became (い-adjective)' is the adjective stem (drop い) + くなる. いそがしい → いそがしく + なりました = 'became busy.' Option 2 いそがしく is correct.

• 1いそがしいに — You cannot attach に directly to the full い-adjective. The correct connector is the stem form いそがしく, not いそがしいに.
• 3いそがしい — Missing the conjugation needed before なりました. You need いそがしくなりました, not いそがしいなりました.
• 4いそがしくて — 〜て means 'and' (sequential/cause), not 'became.' いそがしくてなりました is ungrammatical.

• 仕事しごと — work, job
• 忙いそがしい — busy
• 〜くなる — to become (い-adjective stem + くなる)