N1 Grammar · Test 17

「のあまり」means 'to the point of; due to the extreme degree of ~' and follows a noun (here 驚き, 'surprise'). 「驚きのあまり言葉も出なかった」= 'I was so surprised that I couldn't even speak.' This is a classic N1 grammar pattern expressing that an emotion or state reached such an extreme that a certain result followed.

• 1「につれて」means 'as ~ changes, so does...' (e.g., 時間がたつにつれて). It describes parallel change over time and does not fit a one-time emotional reaction like 驚き.
• 3「としたら」means 'if we assume/suppose that ~.' It introduces a hypothetical condition and cannot follow a noun like 驚き to express degree.
• 4「をよそに」means 'ignoring; disregarding; despite ~' (e.g., 親の心配をよそに). It implies indifference to something, which does not fit the context of being overwhelmed by surprise.

• 驚おどろき — surprise, astonishment
• のあまり — to the point of ~; due to the extreme degree of ~ (N1 grammar: N + のあまり)
• 言葉も出ない（ことばもでない） — unable to even speak (out of strong emotion)

「にしては」means 'for ~; despite ~; considering that ~' and expresses that the actual situation does not match what one would normally expect from the stated condition. 「大きな賞をとったにしては何か物足りなかった」= 'Despite winning a major award, something was unsatisfying.' The speaker expected more from an award-winning film but felt it fell short, which is exactly the contrast にしては conveys.

• 1「につけ」means 'whenever ~ happens, one feels ~' (e.g., 见るにつけ思う). It expresses a recurring emotional reaction triggered by a situation, not a contrast between expectation and reality.
• 3「とあって」means 'because of the special situation ~; given that ~' and explains a reason for a natural consequence (e.g., 夏祭りとあって人が多い). It does not express the mismatch/contrast needed here.
• 4「といったら」is used to emphasize an extreme or striking state (e.g., 恥ずかしいといったらなかった). It does not fit the structure '賞をとった_______物足りなかった,' which requires a concessive/contrastive meaning.

• にしては — despite ~; for ~ (expressing that reality doesn't match expectation from the stated condition) (N1 grammar)
• 物足ものたりない — unsatisfying, something lacking
• 賞しょう — prize, award
• につけ — whenever ~ (N1 grammar: V-辞書形/ます-stem + につけ)
• とあって — because of the special situation ~ (N1 grammar)
• といったら — to say ~ is to say ~ (emphasis on an extreme state) (N1 grammar)

Option 3, かたがた, means 'while doing X, also doing Y' and is used when one action serves a dual purpose. お礼かたがた伺いました means 'I came to visit you while also taking the opportunity to express my thanks for the other day.' This perfectly fits the sentence: the speaker had errands nearby and used the visit to also convey gratitude.

• 1につき means 'because of / due to' (attached to nouns). お礼につき would mean 'because of the thanks,' which is nonsensical here — you don't visit someone 'because of' thanks.
• 2ゆえに is a formal conjunction meaning 'therefore / because.' It connects clauses and does not fit the noun-linking structure N（　）V needed here.
• 4と言わず means 'not to mention / leaving aside.' お礼と言わず伺いました does not form a grammatical or meaningful sentence.

• かたがた — while doing X (also doing Y); taking the opportunity to do X while doing Y — used with nouns like ご挨拶かたがた、お礼かたがた
• 伺うかがう — to visit (humble); to call on someone
• 先日せんじつ — the other day; recently

Option 1, たりとも, is used in the pattern 〜たりとも〜ない meaning 'not even (a small amount).' 一瞬たりとも気が抜けない means 'cannot let one's guard down for even a single moment.' This is a classic N1 grammar pattern.

• 2どころか means 'far from / let alone' and is used to emphasize a contrary expectation. 一瞬どころか気が抜けない is ungrammatical — どころか requires a contrast between two levels, not a minimum-quantity expression.
• 3のみか means 'not only (X) but also (Y)' and pairs with affirmative or negative continuations. 一瞬のみか気が抜けない does not form a proper sentence — のみか needs a following clause that escalates.
• 4までも means 'even (to the extent of).' 一瞬までも is not a standard collocation; the correct pattern for 'not even a moment' uses たりとも.

• たりとも — even (a minimum amount) — used as 〜たりとも〜ない: 'not even…'
• 一瞬いっしゅん — a single moment; an instant
• 気が抜ける（きがぬける） — to let one's guard down; to lose tension/focus

Option 3, たる, is used after a noun denoting a role or status and means 'being (a person of that position).' 政治家たる者 means 'one who is a politician' — i.e., 'a person in the position of a politician.' The sentence means: 'Making the lives of the people better — that, I believe, is the mission of one who is a politician.' This is a formal, elevated expression appropriate for N1.

• 1ある means 'to exist / to be' and 政治家ある者 is not a standard grammatical construction in this context.
• 2する means 'to do.' 政治家する者 would imply 'a person who does politician,' which is not grammatical Japanese.
• 4よる means 'by means of / due to.' 政治家よる者 is not a valid collocation.

• たる — being (a person of a certain status/role) — Nたる者: 'one who is N'; formal, used with professions/positions
• 政治家せいじか — politician
• 使命しめい — mission; calling

Option 2, ながらに, means 'while doing X / with X' and is attached to a noun (often a body-related or emotional noun). 涙ながらに語った means 'he spoke while in tears / with tears.' This is the correct N1 pattern for expressing an action done in a certain state or manner.

• 1がち means 'tending to / liable to' (usually negative). 涙がちで would mean 'tending to cry,' which is not a natural collocation and doesn't fit the sentence structure.
• 3におよんで is the て-form of におよぶ 'to extend to / to reach (the point of).' 涙におよんで語った is not a meaningful or grammatical expression.
• 4はもとより means 'not to mention / of course.' 涙はもとより語った does not form a coherent sentence — はもとより is used to list items that are obvious, not to describe manner.

• ながらに — while doing; with (a state) — Nながらに(して): doing something while in a certain state
• 涙なみだ — tears
• 語かたる — to tell; to recount; to speak of
• 自みずから — oneself; personally

ならではの means 'unique to' or 'characteristic of.' The sentence says: 'The dish I was treated to at my friend's house had the simple, rustic flavor that is unique to home cooking (家庭料理ならではの素朴な味わいだった).' This correctly expresses that the flavor was something only home cooking could produce.

• 1めく means 'to show signs of' (e.g., 春めく 'to show signs of spring'). It attaches to nouns to indicate a quality is becoming apparent, which does not fit here at all.
• 2ごとき is a literary expression meaning 'like' or 'as,' used for comparisons (e.g., 私ごとき 'someone like me'). It does not convey 'unique to' and does not fit the sentence's meaning.
• 3ばかりか means 'not only... but also' and requires a structure like XばかりかYも. There is no corresponding 'also' clause here, so it is grammatically and semantically wrong.

• ならではの — unique to; characteristic of; something only ~ could have
• 素朴そぼく — simple; rustic; unpretentious
• ごちそうになる — to be treated to a meal (by someone)