N1 Vocabulary · Test 99

The underlined hiragana きょうり refers to one's hometown or native place. The correct kanji is 郷里 (きょうり), option 2. The sentence means 'A friend from my college days is engaged in dairy farming in their hometown.' 郷里 is a standard compound: 郷 (hometown, native place) + 里 (village, hometown).

• 1境里 is not a real Japanese word. 境 (きょう) means 'boundary' or 'border,' and combined with 里 it does not form a recognized compound meaning 'hometown.'
• 3境離 is not a real Japanese word. 離 (り) means 'separation' or 'departure,' and this combination is meaningless.
• 4郷離 is not a real Japanese word. Although 郷 is the correct first kanji, 離 (separation) is wrong for the second character; the correct second kanji is 里.

• 郷里きょうり — one's hometown, native place
• 境きょう — boundary, border
• 里り — village, hometown
• 離り — separation, departure

The underlined hiragana らくのう refers to dairy farming. The correct kanji is 酪農 (らくのう), option 3. 酪 (らく) relates to dairy/cheese, and 農 (のう) means agriculture/farming. The full sentence means 'A friend from my college days is engaged in dairy farming in their hometown.'

• 1洛農 is not a real Japanese word. 洛 (らく) is an abbreviation for Kyoto (京都), and combined with 農 it does not mean 'dairy farming.'
• 2絡農 is not a real Japanese word. 絡 (らく) means 'to entangle' or 'to connect,' and this combination is meaningless in this context.
• 4騎農 is not a real Japanese word. 騎 is read き (not らく), meaning 'riding' or 'cavalry,' so the reading itself is wrong.

• 酪農らくのう — dairy farming
• 酪らく — dairy, dairy products
• 農のう — agriculture, farming
• 洛らく — Kyoto (abbreviation)
• 絡らく — to entangle, to twine

The underlined hiragana じゅうじ means 'to engage in' or 'to work at.' The correct kanji is 従事 (じゅうじ), option 3. 従 (じゅう) means 'to follow/engage' and 事 (じ) means 'matter/work.' The phrase 〜に従事している means 'is engaged in ~.' The full sentence means 'A friend from my college days is engaged in dairy farming in their hometown.'

• 1従仕 is not a standard Japanese word. Although 従 is the correct first kanji, 仕 (し) means 'to serve,' and 従仕 is not an established compound meaning 'to engage in.'
• 2就仕 is not a standard Japanese word. 就 (しゅう/じゅう) can mean 'to take up,' but combined with 仕 it does not form a recognized word.
• 4就事 is not a standard Japanese word. While 就 can relate to taking up a position, 就事 is not an established compound; the correct word is 従事.

• 従事じゅうじ — to engage in, to work at
• 従じゅう — to follow, to comply
• 事じ — matter, work, affair
• 就しゅう/じゅう — to take up, to assume

The underlined hiragana つうじょう means 'ordinary,' 'normal,' or 'regular.' The correct kanji is 通常 (つうじょう), option 4. 通 (つう) means 'ordinary/passing through' and 常 (じょう) means 'usual/constant.' The sentence means 'This cake has less sugar than the usual ones,' so 通常 (ordinary/regular) fits perfectly.

• 1定状 is not a real Japanese word. 定 (てい/じょう) means 'fixed/established' and 状 (じょう) means 'condition/state,' but this combination is not a recognized compound.
• 2通状 is not a real Japanese word. Although 通 is the correct first kanji, 状 (condition/state) is the wrong second kanji; the correct second kanji is 常 (usual).
• 3定常 is not a common standalone word. While 定常状態 (ていじょうじょうたい, steady state) exists as a technical term, 定常 alone is not used to mean 'ordinary' or 'normal' in everyday language.

• 通常つうじょう — ordinary, normal, regular
• 通つう — ordinary, passing through
• 常じょう — usual, constant, ordinary
• 定てい/じょう — fixed, established
• 状じょう — condition, state

Option 3 砂糖 (さとう) is the correct kanji for 'sugar.' The sentence means 'This cake has less sugar than usual.' 砂 (すな, sand) + 糖 (とう, sugar) combine to form the word for sugar.

• 1砂豆 uses 豆 (まめ, bean) instead of 糖; it is a look-alike distractor with no real meaning as a compound.
• 2紗豆 uses 紗 (しゃ, gauze) instead of 砂, and 豆 instead of 糖; neither character is correct.
• 4紗糖 uses 紗 (しゃ, gauze) instead of 砂; the first character is wrong even though 糖 is correct.

• 砂糖さとう — sugar
• 通常つうじょう — usual, normal
• 量りょう — amount, quantity
• 控ひかえる — to hold back, to keep something in moderation

「あせった」(past of あせる) is written 焦った, meaning 'became flustered / grew impatient/anxious.' 焦る(あせる) = to be impatient, to panic. The sentence: 'I got flustered when the contradiction in my logic was sharply pointed out.'

• 1汗った would come from 汗る(あせる), a rare verb meaning 'to sweat,' not 'to be flustered.' The kanji 汗(あせ, sweat) is a homophone-based distractor.
• 2慌った reads あわった (from 慌る/あわる, to panic), not あせった — wrong okurigana/reading.
• 4駆った would come from 駆る(かる) or 駆ける(かける), neither reading as あせる; not a valid match.

• 焦あせる — to be impatient/flustered; to panic
• 慌あわる — to be flustered/panic (different verb)

「めいぼ」is 名簿, meaning 'register / roll / directory (a bound list of names).' 名(めい, name) + 簿(ぼ, notebook/register). The sentence: 'Personal information is recorded in this register, so handle it with care.'

• 1名博 uses 博(はく, broad/Dr.) instead of 簿; not a real word, a shape/reading distractor.
• 2名縛 uses 縛(ばく, bind); not a real word.
• 3名薄 uses 薄(はく/うす-, thin) instead of 簿; a classic look-alike distractor (薄 vs 簿 share the 艹/⺮ top region and はく reading).

• 名簿めいぼ — register, roll, name list
• 個人情報こじんじょうほう — personal information

「きさい」is 記載, meaning 'entry / being recorded/listed (in writing).' 記(き, record) + 載(さい, load/publish). The sentence: 'Personal information is recorded in this register, so handle it with care.'

• 1記戴 uses 戴(たい, receive/wear on head) instead of 載; not a real word, a shape distractor (戴 vs 載 look very similar).
• 3記裁 uses 裁(さい, judge/cut); 記裁 is not a standard word.
• 4記栽 uses 栽(さい, plant/cultivate); 記栽 is not a standard word, exploiting the shared さい reading.

• 記載きさい — entry, being recorded/listed
• 取り扱い（とりあつかい） — handling, treatment

「とりあつかい」is 取り扱い, meaning 'handling / treatment / management.' 取り(とり, take) + 扱い(あつかい, handle, from 扱う). The sentence: 'Personal information is recorded in this register, so handle it with care.'

• 1取り及い is not a real word; 及(およぶ) gives 及び/およい, not あつかい.
• 2取り吸い uses 吸い(すい, suck/inhale); not a real word, a reading/shape distractor.
• 3取り汲い uses 汲み/汲い(くみ, draw water); not a real word, exploiting the similar look of 扱/汲 and a vaguely similar sound.

• 取り扱い（とりあつかい） — handling, treatment, management
• 扱あつかう — to handle, to deal with

The correct answer is 3 (紙幣). しへい means 'paper money' or 'banknotes.' The sentence says 'These banknotes use special ink to prevent counterfeiting.' 紙(し) means 'paper' and 幣(へい) means 'currency/money,' so 紙幣 is the correct compound for paper currency.

• 1紙弊 — 紙(し) is correct for 'paper,' but 弊(へい) means 'harm/disadvantage' (as in 弊害). It is a lookalike kanji with the same reading へい but wrong meaning; 'paper-harm' is not a word.
• 2資弊 — 資(し) means 'capital/resources' and 弊(へい) means 'harm.' Neither kanji fits; this is a distractor using similar readings.
• 4資幣 — 資(し) means 'capital/resources' and 幣(へい) means 'currency.' While 幣 is correct, 資 is wrong; 'capital-currency' is not the word for banknotes.

• 紙幣しへい — paper money, banknotes
• 防ふせぐ — to prevent, to protect against